The research leading to these results has received funding from the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen 2 Joint Undertaking under Grant Agreement No 779366 CRESCENDOQ. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, Hydrogen Europe and
Hydrogen Europe Research. Start date 01/01/2018 End date 31/12/2021. Coordination Deborah Jones, CNRS Montpellier.
CRESCENDO - Critical Raw material Electro-catalystSreplacement ENabling Designed pOst-2020 PEMFC
Can non-PGM catalysts provide competitive fuel cell
performance and cost effective FC catalysis ?
PROJECT STRUCTURE AND OBJECTIVESBACKGROUND
New cathode catalysts, stabilisation approaches
Diagnostic methods to determine active site density and turnover
frequency
Redesign cathode layer construction adapted for
non-PGM catalysts
New CO and thiotolerantanode catalysts
0.42 W/cm2 at 0.7 V, 1000 h with <30% loss
at 1.5 A/cm2, costs assessment
NON-PGM CATALYST BENCHMARKING
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
00
2
4
6
8
10
12
14 0.8 mgcm-2
j geo /
mAc
m-2
E / V vs. RHE
CNRS ICL Pajarito UNM
H2O
2 / %
Pajarito Powder/EWII MEAs do not meet project targetsü Catalysts needed with significantly
higher ORR activity and durabilityü Catalyst layer thickness, <40 µm. ü Adjust I/C ratio to avoid blocking the
mesoporous structure of the electrode, but without sacrificing the proton conductivity in the catalyst layer under dry operating conditions.
Room temperature 57Fe Mössbauer spectra of the four benchmarked catalysts
0.5M H2SO4, O2-satd, 25°C, 1 mV·s-1 scan rate, 1600rpm, 0.8 mg·cm-2 loading. a) polarisation curves andb) selectivity toward hydrogen peroxide production
57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy
Mass activity from RRDE
Relative % Fe Speciation
a
b
Air
BMW JM CNRS ICL Pajarito
NON-PGM MEA BENCHMARKING
Four State-of-the-Art Catalysts benchmarked:ü Rotating Ring Disk Electrodeü 57Fe Mössbauer Spectroscopy, XPS, XRD, surface areaü CO chemisorption/nitrite stripping to determine site density
and turnover frequency
D. J. Jones1, A. Roy1, M. T. Sougrati1, Nicolas Donzel1, P. Y. Blanchard1, F. Jaouen1, J. Sharman2, G. Spikes2, A.M. Bonastre2, D. Fongalland2, L. Smith2, M. Primbs3, Y. Sun3,P. Strasser3, A. Mehmood4, A. Kucernak4, S. Agnoli5, L. Calvillo5, T. Kosmala5, G. Daniel5 , G. Granozzi5, C. Durante5, A. Orfanidi6 , B. Reuillard 7, V. Artero7
1 CNRS Montpellier, 2 Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells, 3 Technical University of Berlin, 4 Imperial College London, 5 Università di Padova, 6 BMW Group, 7CEA/Grenoble
Pt, Ir, Rh, Pd are the rarest elements in the
earth’s crust
IDENTIFICATION OF TRANSPORT LIMITATIONS IN CATHODE LAYER
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry
Low mesoporousvolume in Fe-NC catalyst Poor mass transport properties
Effect of Humidity on Water Uptake
Mercury intrusion porosimetry comparing pore size of conventional Pt/C with MOF derived
Fe-N-C catalyst
JMFC 10 g scaled-up batch of CNRS hybrid 2
%Pt/Fe-N-C
Fe-NC catalyst
50%Pt/C
ü Increase activity and active site density
ü Increase stabilityü Resolve cathode mass
transport limitation
NON-PGM ANODE
Nickel phosphine based bioinspired molecular catalystsü Supported on functionalised carbon nanotubes or graphenic acidü High tolerance to COü Tolerance to H2S under investigation
