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Curves from Beginning to End
Mark BiasottiSolidWorks CorporationProduct Definition – New ConceptsJanuary 22nd 2008
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Outline
2D sketch vs. 3D sketch Current curve types in SW The basics of the 2D sketch spline The basics of the 3D sketch spline Using Relationships with 2D sketch spline Using Relationships with 3D sketch spline Using 2D and 3D splines in Surface construction
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Splines: Can live with them, can live without them!
What are they good for and why do we use them?
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Splines: Can live with them, can live without them
My Goal: By the end of this presentation I hope to transform your feelings about splines from this…
To This
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Why use Splines?
When shape can not be described by line, arc, ellipse etc. (or it takes many of them in series to accomplish)
Series of arcs
Single Spline
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Why use Splines?
Single Spline results in smoother overall edge verses series of arcs.
Series of arcs
Single Spline
C1
C2
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Why are splines so important to consumer product design?
Many products, although they look prismatic, are not.
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Explanation of C0 thru C3
C0 Condition – Surface boundaries shareCommon edge but no tangencyC1 Condition – Surface boundaries shareCommon edge with tangency but rate of curvature does not match at boundary
C2 Condition – Surface boundaries shareCommon edge with curvature matchingC3 Condition – Surface boundaries shareCommon edge with curvature matching to greater degree than C2
Surface matching conditions explained
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2D verses 3D Sketch
4 degrees of freedom vs. Six Degrees of freedom
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Types of Curves in SolidWorks
2D Sketch Spline
Projected Curves
2 sketch Projection – 3D Curve via 2ea. 2D sketches
3D sketch spline
Spline on Surface (SOS)
Curve thru XYZ/reference points
Face Curves
Convert and offset entities – composite curves
Fit Spline: using analytical (arcs, lines, splines etc.) and fitting a spline over it
Curve by intersection (of two surfaces)
Helix and Parabola
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The 2D spline
Curvature Comb (Show Curvature)
point of inflection
Control Polygon Handle
Spline point handle widgets
Shadow Spline position
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The 2D spline
Spline point
Asymmetrical Tangent Magnitude
Vector Angle Widget
Combined Asymmetrical Vector + Tangent
Spline Tip – Hold down <Alt> key when dragging Vector/Tangency Widget to get symmetrical control.
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The 2D spline PropertyManager
checked
Spline Tip – When using Control Polygon, use Relax Spline when continuing to edit spline via spline points and make sure Tangent driving is off.
un-checked
C3 Continuity possible* when 2 point spline with equal curvature
Current spline point’s values
Reset current or all spline handles
Relax (Re-parameterize – i.e. smooth) the spline
Allows for Spline end points to be dragged while maintaining previous tangency
keeps all points porportional to each other (will illustrate later)
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Lets review with a SolidWorks example
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Creating and re-shaping splines
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Asymmetrical control of spline handles
Example of using Spline control widgets for tracing complex shape objects.
Asymmetrical Tangent Magnitude Widget
Vector Angle Widget
Vector + Tangent MagnitudeTo pull asymmetrically
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Degree raising
You can make a C3 spline with the following requirements:– 2 point spline only
– C= relationships on both ends
Standard Degree Raising
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Applying a Face Tangency Constraint
*Play Video to show
Using Face Tangency Constraint& Equal Curvature
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Using the Proportional Option
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3D curve by 2ea. – 2D sketch spline curves
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Curve thru X,Y,Z Points
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Curve thru Reference Points
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Face Curves
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Curve by intersection of surfaces (or planes)
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Fit Spline Function
Higher Tolerance
SolidWorks Tip: Which is more smooth – the lower or higher tolerance?
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Convert, Offset & Composite Curves
In the 2D sketch – “Convert Entities” and “Offset
Entities” Allows user to copy or offset external (outside the
sketch) model edges
In the 3D sketch – “Convert Entities” Allows user to copy external model edges
Outside the sketcher – “Composite Curve” Allows the user to gather model edges into one
single curve entity
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Helix Curves
Built from single 2D sketch circle. Can control: Pitch Variable Pitch No. of Revolutions Can make tapered
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Application of 2D Sketch Spline “Bridge Spline”
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Getting around problem with constraining to projected curve
Play Video to show
Initial over constraint
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3D Sketches – how do they work?
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Editing 3D sketch splines in 3D space
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Getting around in 3D space
When creating multiple point 3D sketch splines two helps to controlling them are:– The Sketch Triad
– Multiple windows
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Using curves in Surface features
Curves in surfacing, can affect and correct flow of surface
3 Curves in 2nd direction 4 Curves in 2nd direction
22
3
43
11
Play Video to show*
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Using reference surfaces with 3D Sketch
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Using curves in Surface features
Reference surface example
Boundary SurfaceFill Surface
Reference Surface
Reference Surface
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Using curves in Surface features
Fill Surface with Curve Example
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3D sketch splines and surfaces
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Andy and I will now take your questions