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DIPLOMACY & POWER
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STATES & DIPLOMACYWhat is diplomacy? Formal relations between countries Need to be sovereign to engage in
diplomacy Recognize with an Embassy
What is the objective of diplomacy? Promote/ preserve state’s national self-
interest GN have leverage
When did the modern era of diplomacy begin?
Marked by Treaty of Versailles, 1919 ¤
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STATES & DIPLOMACYWho’s involved in diplomatic affairs?
Head of government, head of state UK- Prime Minister, Queen Elizabeth
Head representative of a country’s foreign affairs office
Ambassadors Civil servants
Foreign Service Officers ¤
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STATES & DIPLOMACY
Different Negotiation EnvironmentsHostile Diplomacy
Armed/potential armedAdversarial Diplomacy
Little chance of conflictCoalition Diplomacy
Cooperation to solve issueMediation Diplomacy
Third party to help in stalemate¤
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STATES & DIPLOMACY
Situation Arms Trade Treaty Solar Panels North Korea Peace Talks Bid
Which diplomatic environment matches the situation?
Hostile Diplomacy Adversarial Diplomacy Coalition Diplomacy Mediation Diplomacy
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STATES & DIPLOMACYOther examples? Kashmir
Hostile diplomacy Space Junk
Coalition diplomacy Ukraine- Crimea
Hostile diplomacy Indonesia fisheries
Coalition diplomacyPreserving mangroves
Coalition diplomacyCuban Missile Crisis
Hostile diplomacy
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STATES & NEGOTIATING POWER
Amount of power affects negotiation Perceived v. real Relative Economic Military
¤
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STATES & NEGOTIATING POWER
2- Level Games Both int’l & domestic factors
1st level 2+ states
2nd level Diplomat <---> domestic
population Intermestic issues
Let’s build a road Both levels affect decisions
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NEGOTIATIONS
II II
I
Negotiations take place on two levels:
Greek Diplomat German Diplomat (with hat)
One level of negotiations: EU level bt. diplomats
One level of negotiations: between diplomat & people
One level of negotiations: between diplomat & people
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Int’l Level
•Need to coordinate policy
2-LEVEL GAME SITUATION: EUROZONE CRISIS Unhappy Belgians Unhappy Greeks (yaourtoma)
Domestic Level-Greeks
Int’l Level
•Protesting•Gov’t needs to act
•Need to coordinate policy
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RECAP
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DIPLOMACY & NEGOTIATION: RECAP
•Diplomacy• What it is• Who can engage in it
• State qualities affect negotiation¤