Download - D687-Unit 4 Life Science Powerpoint.ppt
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Interactions AmongInteractions Among
Living ThingsLiving ThingsChapter 3 of CPO TextChapter 3 of CPO Text
Focus on Life ScienceFocus on Life Science
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Introduction to the LessonIntroduction to the Lesson
http://!"rainpop!com/science/popu#athttp://!"rainpop!com/science/popu#at
ionsandecos$stems/ecos$stems/ionsandecos$stems/ecos$stems/
http://www.brainpop.com/science/populationsandecosystems/ecosystems/http://www.brainpop.com/science/populationsandecosystems/ecosystems/http://www.brainpop.com/science/populationsandecosystems/ecosystems/http://www.brainpop.com/science/populationsandecosystems/ecosystems/http://www.brainpop.com/science/populationsandecosystems/ecosystems/http://www.brainpop.com/science/populationsandecosystems/ecosystems/ -
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T$pes of %a"itatsT$pes of %a"itats
Land %a"itatLand %a"itat
&ater %a"itat&ater %a"itat
http://www.aquaworldaquarium.com/GeneralCare/Gen_Care_Images/saltwater_fish/Saltwater_Fish_600px.jpghttp://www.natural-history-pictures.co.uk/mirrorsmall.jpghttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ignorancia.org/uploads/experiments/desert/desert-7.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.ignorancia.org/en/index.php%3Fpage%3DDesert&h=768&w=1024&sz=333&hl=en&start=2&um=1&tbnid=kvmtXmhRAMlWPM:&tbnh=113&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddesert%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26rlz%3D1T4TSHB_en___US225%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.desktopscenes.com/Autumn%2520Scenes%2520from%2520Southern%2520Vermont%2520(2003)/Rocky%2520Forest%2520Path.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.desktopscenes.com/Autumn%2520Scenes%2520from%2520Southern%2520Vermont%2520(2003)/slides/Rocky%2520Forest%2520Path.html&h=600&w=800&sz=275&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=XTLoy0j5kgpuCM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dforest%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26rlz%3D1T4TSHB_en___US225%26sa%3DG -
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'cos$stems and %a"itats'cos$stems and %a"itatsLiving S$stemsLiv
ing S$stems
made up of ce##s ( tissues ( organs) organmade up of ce##s ( tissues ( organs) organs$stems) organisms$stems) organism hashas structurestructure*its parts+ and*its parts+ and
functionfunction *hat it does+*hat it does+
'cos$stem'cos
$stem higher #eve# of organi,ation a"ove organismshigher #eve# of organi,ation a"ove organisms -ade up of group of #iving things and their-ade up of group of #iving things and their
surroundings! 'x! .iosphere or a drop of atersurroundings! 'x! .iosphere or a drop of ater
%a"itat%a"itat a p#ace here a particu#ar organism #ivesa p#ace here a particu#ar organism #ives
e!g! ocean is ha"itat of do#phine!g! ocean is ha"itat of do#phin
fish"o# is ha"itat of a pet go#dfishfish"o# is ha"itat of a pet go#dfish
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Ph$sica# aria"#es *A"iotic Factors+Ph$sica# aria"#es *A"iotic Factors+
in Land %a"itatsin Land %a"itats *comp#ete $our organi,er+*comp#ete $our organi,er+
Temperature-Temperature- most #iving things can survive inmost #iving things can survive in
temperatures a"ove free,ing and "e#o 012Ctemperatures a"ove free,ing and "e#o 012C
Precipitation-Precipitation-#iving things need ater to#iving things need ater to
survive amount of precipitation determines thesurvive amount of precipitation determines the4inds of #ife that can survive in a #and ha"itat4inds of #ife that can survive in a #and ha"itat
Sunlight-Sunlight-provides energ$ for #iving things toprovides energ$ for #iving things to
gro and survive amount of sun#ight determinesgro and survive amount of sun#ight determinesthe amount of energ$ avai#a"#e in an ecos$stemthe amount of energ$ avai#a"#e in an ecos$stem
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Ph$sica# aria"#es *A"iotic Factors+Ph$sica# aria"#es *A"iotic Factors+
inin Land HabitatsLand Habitats continuedcontinued
Type of SoilType of Soil
soi# is a mixture of deca$ed p#ant and anima#soi# is a mixture of deca$ed p#ant and anima#
parts and ver$ sma## roc4 partic#es t$pe of soi#parts and ver$ sma## roc4 partic#es t$pe of soi#varies in different #and ha"itats soi# is a ha"itatvaries in different #and ha"itats soi# is a ha"itat
for some organismsfor some organisms
Oxygen-Oxygen- most organisms need ox$gen to #ivemost organisms need ox$gen to #ive
amount of ox$gen in air varies depending onamount of ox$gen in air varies depending ona#titudea#titude
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Ph$sica# aria"#es *A"iotic Factors+Ph$sica# aria"#es *A"iotic Factors+
inin Water HabitatsWater Habitats*comp#ete $our graphic organi,er+*comp#ete $our graphic organi,er+
precipitation
type of soil on
surrounding
land
too man$ nitrates
or phosphates inrunoff affects the
amount of
avai#a"#e
disso#ved ox$gen
chemicalcontent of
water
p% 5)6 is
"est
dissolved
oxygen
amount varies
ith
temperature
and
movement
sunlight
temperature
Physical
ariables
of water
Habitats
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Po##utantsPo##utants A po##utant is a varia"#e that causes harmA po##utant is a varia"#e that causes harm
to the organismto the organism %o harmfu# a po##utant is dependent on%o harmfu# a po##utant is dependent on
) a"i#it$ to cause harm) a"i#it$ to cause harm
) concentration per unit of air7 ater7 soi#) concentration per unit of air7 ater7 soi#
) ho #ong it sta$s in air7 ater or soi#) ho #ong it sta$s in air7 ater or soi#
Su#fur dioxide is an examp#e! In highSu#fur dioxide is an examp#e! In highconcentrations can ma4e "reathingconcentrations can ma4e "reathing
difficu#t! It can increase cases of asthma7difficu#t! It can increase cases of asthma7
"ronchitis can a#so react ith air to cause"ronchitis can a#so react ith air to cause
acid rainacid rain
Sources of po##utants can "e natura# orSources of po##utants can "e natura# or
man made! For examp#e7 su#fur dioxideman made! For examp#e7 su#fur dioxidecan come from coa# poer p#ant humancan come from coa# poer p#ant human
source+ or vo#canoes *natura#+source+ or vo#canoes *natura#+
-ercur$ is another examp#e of a po##utant-ercur$ is another examp#e of a po##utant
that can come from a natura# source orthat can come from a natura# source or
from human activit$from human activit$
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Leve#s of Organi,ationLeve#s of Organi,ation
!ndividual organisms!ndividual organisms
can be organi"ed intocan be organi"ed into
populationspopulationse#ge#g## antelopes on a plainantelopes on a plain
Populations are groupedPopulations are grouped
intointo communitiescommunities
e#g# antelopes birds ande#g# antelopes birds and
other animals in the areaother animals in the area $ifferent communities$ifferent communities
are grouped intoare grouped into
ecosystemsecosystems
e#g# antelopes% other animals and the rivere#g# antelopes% other animals and the river
trees% etctrees% etc
&cosystems grouped&cosystems grouped
together form thetogether form the
biomesbiomes'areas of the world and the'areas of the world and the
organisms in itorganisms in it (iomes are present in areas of the earth #(iomes are present in areas of the earth #
)ollectively% biomes ma*e up the)ollectively% biomes ma*e up the biospherebiosphere
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T$pes of InteractionsT$pes of Interactions'complete your graphic organi"er+'complete your graphic organi"er+
'note+ ,#'note+ ,# competitioncompetition
hen organisms in a communit$ vie forhen organisms in a communit$ vie for
the same food supp#$the same food supp#$ 7 ex! green cra"s7 ex! green cra"s
compete against native speciescompete against native species
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T$pes of InteractionsT$pes of Interactions'note+ /# symbiosis'note+ /# symbiosis
an interaction here 8 species #ive together for aan interaction here 8 species #ive together for a#ong time#ong time
'note all / types of symbiosis+'note all / types of symbiosis+
commensa#ism:commensa#ism:one mem"er "enefits otherone mem"er "enefits othermem"er unaffectedmem"er unaffected
mutua#ism:mutua#ism:
"oth mem"ers "enefit"oth mem"ers "enefit
parasitism:parasitism:one mem"er "enefits other mem"erone mem"er "enefits other mem"er
harmedharmed
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.aasharks.com/types-of-sharks/shark-pictures/bull-shark-picture-06.jpg&imgrefurl=http://webmasterz.exteen.com/20070416/by-1&h=325&w=361&sz=8&hl=en&start=22&um=1&tbnid=ZN2-aBbALa7g2M:&tbnh=109&tbnw=121&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcommensalism%26start%3D20%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26rlz%3D1T4TSHB_en___US225%26sa%3DN -
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*note+ Food Chains*note+ Food Chains
A food chain is ho each organism in aA food chain is ho each organism in acommunit$ gets its foodcommunit$ gets its food
Some anima#s eat p#ants and some anima#s eatSome anima#s eat p#ants and some anima#s eatother anima#sother anima#s
P#ants and some protists are ca##edP#ants and some protists are ca##ed producersproducers"ecause the$ store energ$ from the Sun!"ecause the$ store energ$ from the Sun! Anima#s that eat p#ants are ca##edAnima#s that eat p#ants are ca##ed her"ivoresher"ivores Anima#s that eat other anima#s are ca##edAnima#s that eat other anima#s are ca##ed
carnivorescarnivores Organisms a#ong a food chain pass on #essOrganisms a#ong a food chain pass on #ess
energ$ than the$ get from the food that the$ eat!energ$ than the$ get from the food that the$ eat!
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*note+ Food P$ramid*note+ Food P$ramid*find $our food e" organi,er to fi## this out+*find $our food e" organi,er to fi## this out+
A food p$ramid shos that a #argeA food p$ramid shos that a #arge
num"er of #iving things at the "asenum"er of #iving things at the "ase
are needed to support a fe at theare needed to support a fe at the
top! A food p$ramid shostop! A food p$ramid shos oneone
food chain! For examp#efood chain! For examp#e
hawk
sna*e
frog
grasshopper
grass
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*note+ Food &e"*note+ Food &e" -ost anima#s are part of-ost anima#s are part of more than one food chain!more than one food chain! The$The$
eat more than one 4ind of food to get enough food andeat more than one 4ind of food to get enough food and
nutrients! 9ou can connect man$ food chains to form anutrients! 9ou can connect man$ food chains to form afood e"!food e"! *comp#ete $our graphic organi,er+*comp#ete $our graphic organi,er+
Striped
(ass
gull
snail
seal
worm
sardines
seaweed
"ooplan*ton
crab
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Toxins in the Food ChainToxins in the Food Chain
Toxins are po##utants that can "e created "$Toxins are po##utants that can "e created "$human activitieshuman activities
%igh concentrations of toxins can impact%igh concentrations of toxins can impact
popu#ationspopu#ations Can cause s#oed groth7 decreasedCan cause s#oed groth7 decreased
reproduction7 or deathreproduction7 or death Toxins #i4e mercur$ disso#ve in fat7 not ater!Toxins #i4e mercur$ disso#ve in fat7 not ater!
The$ are stored in the fat tissues of her"ivoresThe$ are stored in the fat tissues of her"ivoresand are not passed out of their "odies!and are not passed out of their "odies!
Toxins can "e passed to the offspringToxins can "e passed to the offspring
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&or4 on Pre)Assessment&or4 on Pre)Assessment
uestionsuestions Anser the section revie on the "ac4 of $ourAnser the section revie on the "ac4 of $our
pac4etpac4et
;o not #eave an$ "#an4s;o not #eave an$ "#an4s
-a4e sure $ou as4