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Daniel R. Kapusta, Ph.D.Department of Pharmacology, LSUHSC
MEB Rm 7106568-3940; [email protected]
Renal Transport of Sodium, Chloride and other Solutes
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Total Body Sodium Balance:Input = Output
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Renal excretion of sodiumRenal excretion of sodium
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Renal handling of water, electrolytes and solutesRenal handling of water, electrolytes and solutes
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Renal handling of sodium
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Renal process involved in the production of urineRenal process involved in the production of urine
1) Glomerular filtration1) Glomerular filtration
2) Renal tubular secretion2) Renal tubular secretion
3) Renal tubular reabsorption3) Renal tubular reabsorption
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Glomerular filtration
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Tubular secretion
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PCT organic acid secretory transport system
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PCT organic base secretory transport system
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Tubular filtration and reabsorption Tubular filtration and reabsorption
Average Values for Several Substances Handled by Filtration and Reabsorption
AmountFiltered Amount %
Substance per Day Excreted Reabsorbed Water, L 180 1.8 99.0 Sodium, g 630 3.2 99.5 Glucose, g 180 0 100 Urea, g 56 28 50
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Segmental renal tubular sodium reabsorption
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Tuboglomerular feedback regulation of sodium chloride excretion
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Juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)
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Regulation of sodium excretion –Glomerulotubular balance
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Glomerulotubular balance
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Transport pathways across tubular cells
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Sodium, glucose and bicarbonate reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule
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Renal tubular reabsorption of glucoseRenal tubular reabsorption of glucose
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- The increase in sodium loss in the urine, a ‘natriuresis’, causes water to follow and thus produce diuresis
- Diuretics increase the rate of urine formation by interfering with the reabsorption of sodium by the nephron
- Diuretics are drugs that increase the net excretion of water from the body
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“Mannitol”
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CarbonicAnhydrase
CarbonicAnhydrase
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Electrolyte transport pathways in the TALH
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Sodium and chloride reabsorption in theearly distal convoluted tubule
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Sodium - potassium exchange in the late distal convoluted tubule
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AVP-dependent water permeability in the distal nephron
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Vasopressin – mediated water reabsorption