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The Divine ComedyThe Divine ComedyThree Divisions
1.Inferno
2.Purgatorio3.Paradiso
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Language and StyleLanguage and StyleLow Style: Bawdy language/slang
grotes!ue i"agery.#igh Style: $levated language. Poeti%.&%ade"i% Language: Latin
'erna%ular: ItalianDante (sed: Italian) 'erna%ular(se of Language follows *ourney: Low to
#igh.
1+th
,entury Slang: Dante-s use of slangwas sho%ing to his audien%es.Polarity of Language: Shows the various
ossi0ilities of language
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THE INFLUENCE OFTHE INFLUENCE OF
ARISTOTLEARISTOTLE
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Influence of Ai!totleInfluence of Ai!totle
During the iddle &ges) &ristotle was the one%lassi%al hilosoher that the $uroeans etstudying#is fo%us on re%ision) %ategoriing) and detail
0e%a"e the hall"ars of s%holarshi during the
iddle &ges $verything has a la%e $a%h detail 0uilds on the ne4t
5The 6reat ,hain of Being7 Idea for"ed during the iddle &ges) influen%ed 0y
&ristotelian logi% $verything is %onne%ted) lie lins in a %hain) fro" the
lowliest ele"ent to 6od sitting on the throne of #eavenevery %reation has its la%e and they are all ordered fro"worst to 0est
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Ai!totle"! Definition of TagedyAi!totle"! Definition of Tagedy5& tragedy is the i"itation of an a%tion that is serious
and also) as having "agnitude) %o"lete in itself in
aroriate and leasura0le language8 in adra"ati% rather than narrative for" with in%identsarousing ity and fear) wherewith to a%%o"lish a%atharsis of these e"otions.7
&ristotle-s argu"ent is that
a tragedy was a wor inelevated language thatstarted haily and ended in
horror.
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The Alighieri family was considered
noble, although by Dantes time hisfamily was reduced to modest
economic and social circumstances.
According to Dante himself, the family
descended from the noble seed of the
Roman founders of the city. (Inferno
XV.!"#$
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At the age of %, Dante met eight"year"old &eatrice 'ortinari,
who eentually became a ma)or influence in his life andwritings. &eatrice married another man and died when Dante
was *+, so their relationshi e-isted almost entirely in Dantes
mind, but she nonetheless lays an e-tremely imortant role
in his oetry.
The
Meeting
of Dantewith
Beatrice
by Henry
Holiday
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9I:T;RI
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The Bhites were oosed to 'aal ower
than the &lac?s, and tended to faor theemeror. Dante rose to a osition of
leadershi among the Bhite 6uelfs.
In 5!7*, while he was in Rome on adilomatic mission, the &lac?s in 8lorence
seiCed ower. The &lac?s e-iled Dante, seiCing
all his goods and condemning him to be
burned if he eer returned to 8lorence.
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Dante assed from court to
court, writing assionateolitical and moral letters
and finishing his Diine
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#ea! in e$ile#ea! in e$ile
Dante wandered throughout Italy.
#e "aintained his oinion that the Paa%yand the $"ire had two distin%tly differenturoses.
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The Divine ComedyThe Divine Comedy
S%anning !eveal yea!&the e%ic'li(e %oem TheDivine Comedy)a!)itten fom *+,- to*+.*/
The %oem %e!ent! anovevie) of the attitude!&0elief!& %hilo!o%hie!& a!)ell a! the mateiala!%ect! of the medieval)old/
1ecau!e of the!eelement!& The DivineComedyha! 0ecomeunive!ally (no)n a! oneof the geate!t %oem! in)old liteatue/
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The oem is diided into three sections " " theInferno, the
Purgatorio, and theParadiso, with the Inferno being the most
widely read and studied section of The Divine Comedy.
In this segment of the oem, Dante describes a )ourney
through 9ell from the entrance at the lowest and less harsh
leel. 9is comanion for the trael is Virgil, a mentor androtector.
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The Divine ComedyThe Divine Comedy
Though the %oce!!of !%iitualegeneation and%uification& Dante%e%ae! him!elf to
meet 2od inParadiso/Though 3aadi!e&
Dante i! guided 0y1eatice& fo )hom
the %oem i! amemoial/
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Dante attributed all the
heaenly irtues to&eatrices soul and
imagined, in his
masteriece The Divine
Comedy, that she washis guardian angel who
/alternately berated
and encouraged him on
his search for
salation.1
The Death of Beatrice by D. G. Rossetti, Tate Gallery,
London.
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In the Inferno, Dante starts on ground leel and wor?s his way
downward he goes all the way through the earth and 9ell and ends
u at the base of the mountain of 'urgatory on the other side.
;n the to of 'urgatory there is the terrestrial aradise (the garden
of @den$, and after that he wor?s his way through the celestial
sheres.
The Diine
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The Divine ComedyThe Divine Comedy
The wor? is
written in terza
rimaa comle-erse form in
entameter, with
interloc?ing triads
rhyming aba bcb
cdcetc.
Nel mezzo del cammin dinostra vita mi ritrovai per unaselva oscura ch la diritta
via era smarrita.Ahi quanto a dir qual era cosa dura esta selvaselvaggia e aspra e forte chenel pensier rinova la paura!
Tant' amara che poco pimorte; ma per trattar del ench'i' vi trovai dir" de l'altrecose ch'i' v'ho scorte.
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Inte%etation! of InfenoInte%etation! of Infeno
Liteal: a vision of a "an-s *ourneythrough #ellAllegoical: des%ri0es a ,hristian soul
traveling through a state of sin in sear%hof rede"tion and 0lissfulness4oal: des%ri0es what awaits sinful souls
and en%ourages the living to seesalvation
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Dantes nine circles of hell
o2imbo, which includes eole waiting to see if they enter heaen ordescend to hell.
o2ustful, 6luttonous, Aaricious. These three circles reresent sins
of wea?ness. They are mostly harmful things that we do to ourseles.
oBrathful, 9eretics (those who betrayed others$, and Violent. These
three circles reresent sins of malice. They were remeditated and
usually inoled actions toward other eole.
oThe 8raudulent and the Treacherous. These last two circles
reresent sins of betrayal and ride, considered the worst sins of all.
:atan, who betrayed 6od, reresents the eitome of eil.
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!a divina commedia(The Divine Comedy$ by Dante
Alighieri is in no way a comedic literary wor?. The only
term that relates to the oem is diine.Eet, it is suggested that Dante himself simly called this
wor?
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