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Das Perfekt In German you
use the perfect tense (das Perfekt) to say what you have done at a certain time in the past.
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Das Perfekt
In German it is made up of two
parts: the auxiliary or
‘helper’ and the past participle.
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Verben mit haben• The Perfekt is usually formed by
using the present tense of haben and the past participle of the verb, just as in English.
• You must then know the verb haben
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Haben• SingularSingular• ich habe I have• du hast You have• er/sie hat He/she has
• PluralPlural• wir haben We have• ihr habt You have• sie haben They have
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THE VERB haben
• Let’s practice: add the right part of haben:1. Ich Musik gehört.2. Wir ferngesehen.3. Er Fußball gespielt.4. Ihr eine Tanzstunde gehabt.5. Du ein Buch gelesen.6. Sie (f) einen Film gesehen.7. Sie (pl) Tischtennis gespielt.8. Wir nichts Besonderes gemacht.9. ihr Hausaufgaben gemacht?
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Let’s practice:
Click on the picture to
check your answers
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How to form the past participle
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Regular verbs• For most participles take off –en and
replace it with –t and add –ge in front of it. It goes at the end of the sentence.
•Spielen gespielt•Machen gemacht•Hören gehört
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Using this rule, what would the past participle of these verbs be?
haben kaufenspielentanzen sagen sparenschauen faulenzenmachen plauderen
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Check your answers
gehabtgekauftgespielt getanzt gesagtgespartgeschaut gefaulenztgemacht geplaudert
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Here are the past participles of some useful irregular verbs:
sehen gesehen schreiben geschrieben lesen gelesen fernsehen ferngesehenschlafen geschlafen essen gegessentrinken getrunken vergessen vergessen
verlieren verlorenbesichtigen besichtigt
There’s no other way
but to learn them by heart!
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THE PERFECT TENSE WITH haben
Let’s practice: give the correct part of the verb in brackets
1. Du hast eine Radtour (machen)2. Wir haben Museem (besichtigen)3. Felix und Xavier haben viel Eis (essen)4. Ihr habt Comics (lesen)5. Wir haben (fernsehen)6. Sie (sg) hat mit ihre Freuden (plauderen)7. Er hat Klavier (spielen)8. Ich habe Limonade (trinken)
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Let’s practiceClick on the picture
to check your answers
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Verbs with seinAs we have already seen, in the perfect tense most verbs take haben.
However, some take sein
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How to conjugate sein• Singular • ich bin I am • du bist you are• er/sie ist he/she is
• Plural • wir sind we are• ihr seid you are• sie sind they are
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THE VERB sein
Let’s practice: add the right part of sein :1. Ich einkaufen gegangen.2. Sie (sg) zu Hause geblieben.3. Wir nach London gefahren.4. Die Kinder ins Kino gegangen.5. Ihr um 9.00 Uhr eingeschlafen.6. Paul nach Spanien geflogen.7. Du ins Café gegangen.8. Gestern nachmittag er geschwommen
.
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Let’s practice!Click on the picture
to check your answers.
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The following verbs form the passé composé with sein. Notice how most of them are verbs of
motion.fahren gefahrengehen gegangen
fliegen geflogen bleiben gebliebenschwimmen geschwommen
sein gewesen
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THE PAST PARTICIPLE WITH sein
Let’s practice: give the correct participle of the verb in brackets.
1. Ich bin nach London (fahren).2. Wir sind ins Kino (gehen).3. Sie ist zu Hause (bleiben).4. Seid ihr ins Café (gehen)?5. Du bist in der See (schwimmen).6. Er ist Ski (fahren).
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Let’s practiceClick on the picture
to check your answers.
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THE PERFECT TENSE.
Finally, let’s practice the perfect with bothhaben and sein. How would you say these
sentences in German?
1. I played football yesterday.2. Did you (sg) go to the cinema?3. She listened to music.4. My brother arrived on Tuesday.5. We bought 3 CD’s.6. We stayed at home.7. You (pl) flew to France.8. They read a book.
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Let’s practiceClick on the picture
to check your answers.
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There you go. The perfect tense has not got any secrets for you
anymore. If you apply these rules carefully you will always
get it perfect.