Download - Data Analysis: Spreadsheets
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Data Analysis: SpreadsheetsICT iGCSE
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14.1: Creating a data model
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Absolute vs. Relative• Excel tries to second guess what you want
it to do.
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Absolute referencing• Sometimes, you don’t want one of the
operands to change:
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Named Cells and Ranges• When you are going to use the contents of
a cell several times in different formulae of a spreadsheet, it’s a good idea to give the cell a name.
• It’s easier to remember “Tax” than “Cell H2”…or was it H3….or G2….or….
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Named ranges• Named ranges make it easier to maintain
accuracy when you are using a large table of data, for example in a LookUp.
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Using Functions
• Functions are just formulae that are already defined: you just tell the function which cells to work with.
• Functions have pre-defined names that you can use: SUM or AVERAGE, for example.
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Task 1• Open Sales.csv. This is a spreadsheet
used to calculate bonus payments to sales staff of a small company.
1. Name cell B1 ‘Unit’2. Name cells A5 to C5 ‘Rate’3. Name cells B11 to G18 ‘Sold’
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Easy functions• SUM – adds a range of
numbers• AVERAGE – finds the
average in a range of numbers
• MIN – finds the lowest value in a range of numbers
• MAX - finds the highest value in a range of numbers
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Other Functions: INT• In maths, an integer is
a whole number, with NO decimals or fractions.
• In Excel, the INT function takes the whole number part of a number and removes any digits after the decimal point.
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Task 2
1. Open Pay.csv2. In cells B9 to B12,
enter appropriate functions
3. In cells C9 to C12, use the INT function to return the whole number from each of these results
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Other Functions: ROUND• ROUND is used to round the number to a
required number of decimal places, to the nearest whole number.
Task 3:• Try the exercise in cells
H2 to L9.
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Other Functions: COUNT• This can be used to count the
number of things in a list
• Task: Open ChristmasCharts.xls• In cell B57, enter a COUNT
function to count the number of entries in the list.
• Copy the formula across to cells C57 and D57.
• What do you notice?
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Other Functions: COUNTA• Counts non-blanks in a
list
• Task: Open Project.csv. It contains a list of people who are working on a group project, and for each person lists the number of tasks they still have to complete.
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Think carefully!• In cells B21 and B23, use
appropriate formulae (both COUNT and COUNTA) COUNTA counts
cells with anything in!Remember:
COUNT only counts cells with numbers in
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Other Functions: COUNTIF• Counts only cells
which meet a given criteria.
• Open Staff.csv and enter formulae to count the number of different staff.
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Other Functions: IF
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Nested Formulae and Functions
• A nested formula is just a formula that has another one inside it.
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Adding a secondary axis
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