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Dates in Bibliographic RecordsBooks
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Where do you start?
Where on a book do you usually find publication and/or copyright date information?
Title page and/or t.p. verso
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If it’s not there…
Use the part of the item giving the most complete information (cover, caption, title page substitute, colophon, etc.)
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What are you looking for?
What is the first date to look for when matching?
Publication date
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What else?
If there is no publication date, what do you look for next?
Copyright date
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How can you tell?
How do you know the difference between a copyright date and a publication date?
Copyright symbol (©) or the word copyright in front of the date
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Copyright dates
Your book has a copyright date of 2010 for the text and a copyright date of 2012 for the cover illustration. Which do you use for matching?
Copyright date of the text
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Unless…
There is evidence this is a new edition
Illustration copyright date may be used as an implied publication date and will appear in the bibliographic record in brackets: [2012]
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Multiple copyright dates
Your book has no publication date, but has: ©2005, 2007, 2009. Which copyright date do you use?
Copyright date 2009
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Unless…copyright renewal dates
Your book has: ©1945, ©renewed 1992. Which date do you use?©1945. For works copyrighted before
1978, ignore the copyright renewal date and use the original date
Your book has: ©1985, ©renewed 1992. Which date do you use?©1992. For works copyrighted after
1977, use the copyright renewal date
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Future dates
You’ve received a newly-published book by a best-selling author. The t. p. verso has ©2015. Is it okay to have a future date in a bibliographic record?
Yes
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Printing dates
Your book has a publication date of 2012 and a printing date of 2013. Which date do you use for matching?
Publication date. Printing dates are usually ignored
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Unless…
Your book has no publication or copyright date, but has a first printing date of 2013
2013 may be used as an implied publication date, and will appear in the bibliographic record in brackets: [2013]
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Or…
A printing statement implies a new publication, even if there is no publication date. Often seen with Scholastic: First Scholastic printing, March 2005 (usually on the t.p. verso)
First printing date may be used as an implied publication date and will appear in the bibliographic record in brackets: [2005]
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What if there’s no date?
Recorded differently in the record depending on cataloging rules usedPre-AACR: [n.d.]RDA: [Date of publication not identified]
AACR: Cataloger supplies a date, entered in brackets
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Cataloger-supplied dates (AACR)Dates will be in brackets, and may be
followed by a question mark [2012] Implied publication date based on available information,
i.e, printing date [2012?] Estimated date—cataloger made their best guess [199-] Publication in the 1990s, not sure what year [19--?] Estimated publication sometime in the 1900s
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MARC coding for dates -- AACR
MARC tag 260, subfield c If publication date and copyright date are the same, record
only the publication date 260 $aNew York :$bOxford University Press,$c2012.
If publication date and copyright date are different, will often see both 260 $aNew York :$bOxford University Press,$c2012,
c2010.Copyright date is preceded by lower case c
Implied or estimated dates are in brackets 260 $aZion, IL :$bZion Historical Society,$c[2005?]
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MARC coding for dates -- RDA MARC tag 264, subfield c Publication and copyright dates are recorded in separate fields
264 1 $aChicago :$bLion Publishers,$c2012. 264 4 $c©2010
Copyright date is preceded by copyright symbol or the word copyright (transcribe from item)
No ending punctuation Publication date is a core element in RDA. If no publication date
is present, but there is a copyright date, the copyright date is recorded in brackets as an implied publication date 264 1 $aChicago :$bLion Publishers,$c[2012] 264 4 $c©2012
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MARC coding for dates – Fixed fields Coded based on the dates in 260 or 264 subfield c Type of Date (Polaris) / DtSt (OCLC)
Code that categorizes type of date, i.e., s for single date, or t for publication and copyright date
Date 1 and Date 2 (Polaris) / Dates (OCLC)Enter publication date in first date boxEnter copyright date in second date box
Check these when editing records – dates in the fixed field affect searching!
Make sure the fixed field and the 260 or 264 match
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Changing dates in records
Your new book has a publication date of 2014. There is a CIP record in OCLC with Encoding Level 8 that matches your book except that the publication date is 2013. Is it okay to change the date in the record to match your book?
Yes, you may upgrade a CIP record to match the item in hand. (Don’t forget the fixed field!)
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Changing dates in records
Your new book has a publication date of 2014. There is a full-level record in OCLC with Encoding Level I that matches your book except that the publication date is 2013. Is it okay to change the date in the record to match your book?
No, no, a thousand times, no!
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Unless…
It can be determined that there truly is an error in the bibliographic record
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Questions?
Dates can be tricky – call us if you need help!