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This material is for informational purposes only and subject to change without notice. It describes Ixia’s present plans to develop and make
available to its customers certain products, features and functionality. Ixia is only obligated to provide those deliverables specifically included in a
written agreement between Ixia and the customer. ©2011 Ixia. All rights reserved.
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Building a More Intelligent &
Scalable LTE Network
Managing the Capacity Crunch with QoS & Policy Control
The World’s Traffic Travels Across Devices and
Networks Validated by Ixia
“Ixia Used by NTT DOCOMO to Successfully Launch New ‘Xi’ LTE Service”
“ZTE sets Evolved Packet Core scalability benchmark”
Ixia works with the leading
operators and vendors
around the globe helping
them build better networks
A high percentage of devices
for wired & wireless networks
were built using Ixia gear in
the development process
Market Realities
Traffic
Revenues
Revenue vs.
Traffic Growth
Revenue &
Traffic Gap
Widening Voice
Era
Data
Era
Operators cannot build their way
out of capacity issues
Operators need to address
growth in mobile data
• Increase capacity
• Need to lower price/bit of data
Multi-prong approach:
• Add capacity (core/access)
• Off-load traffic (WiFi, small cells)
• Improved traffic management
• New business models
Spectrum is a Finite Resource:
Must be utilized to maximize operator revenue
Many different application types and subscriber types
• Voice, video, and data have different traffic management
requirements to meet subscribers quality expectations
Operators must have granular control of network resources
Business Models: Maximizing Revenues
Network
intelligence is at
the heart of new
business models • Tiered performance
levels (speed tiers)
by user, by
application
• Prioritized traffic
• On demand
performance boosts
• Consumer video vs.
business class video
• New services
Content
Owners
Advertisers
Broadcasters
Application
Providers
E-tailers
Expand from today’s one-sided to
a two-sided business model
Inflection Point: A chance to do it right this time
3G – “Best Effort”
• Predominately a best
effort network
• All applications
treated equally, little
optimization for video
• QoS specified but
not implemented
• DPI implemented ad
hoc, stand alone
4G/LTE
• Greater customer
expectations
• Policy/QoS well-
defined as an end-
to-end system
• DPI (packet
filtering)
embedded in
network entities
LTE specifications are in place. It’s up to operators to demand they are
implemented and properly validate their network designs
LTE and EPC QoS and Policy Control
All nodes in the network from consumer devices to servers and
gateways play a role
Getting this right is the key to a high quality network that optimizes
traffic and maximizes profit
UE’s eNodeB
(DUT)
MME
(DUT)
PCRF
(DUT)
UE, eNodeB, MME
S1-u S11 Gx
S-GW
(DUT)
PDN-GW
(DUT)
S1-MME
S1-u
Real Life Tier 1 Operator Test Bed
SGi
Rx
IMS
Network
(DUT)
MGCF, MGW
(PSTN)
Replicate a complete multi-vendor LTE network in the lab
• Access, backhaul, EPC, IMS Core, Internet, data center
UE emulation provides end-to-end measurements from Uu to PSTN
Emulation of eNodeB/MME over S1-U/S11 provides high traffic volume to
stress the network and create resource contention
SIP User
Agents
Uu
Traffic Classes and QoS Characteristics
Application QCI
(Bearers) Resource
Type Traffic
Priority
Packet Delay
Budget
Packet Error Loss
Rate
DSCP (Transport)
Operator VoIP 1 GBR 2 100 ms 0.01 11
IMS Signaling 5 Non-GBR 1 100 ms 0.000001 10
Streaming Video 6 Non-GBR 6 150 ms 0.001 18
Data Application Traffic for Public Safety Users 7 Non-GBR 7 300 ms 0.000001 26 Best Effort Data Application Traffic (web browsing, video streaming, FTP, email) for Enterprise Users 8 Non-GBR 8 300 ms 0.000001 28 Best Effort Data Application Traffic for Consumers 9 Non-GBR 9 300 ms 0.000001 41
Measuring Ensures the Network’s Capabilities
…. does the correct
traffic get prioritized
When the network
becomes congested…
Network Validation Check Points
11
Network Security
Application Fidelity (QoE)
QoS and Policy Control
Network Scalability
Each area is interdependent on the others
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Why Mobile Operators Cannot Rely Sole on Equipment
Vendors
Forward-thinking Operators
Will use Proper Network Validation
Network Security
Application Fidelity (QoE)
QoS and Policy Control
Network Scalability
Lessons learned from 3G must be
applied to 4G/LTE
Capacity challenges will persist
forcing operators to best utilize their
resources
Customer expectations of
quality/performance are increasing
Too much is at stake and
systems are too complex /
operator specific to leave it
to the vendors