DEGREES OF DIFFERENCE:EDUCATION ACHIEVEMENTS OF MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS IN B.C.
Prepared by Joanne Heslop, ManagerStudent Transitions ProjectLast Update: January 28, 2011
This document is available at: http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/student_transitions/
Student Transitions Project 2
Introduction
The Student Transitions Project has assembled this set of facts by gender to provide a broad overview of the education achievements of male and female students in British Columbia.
On average, when compared to male students in B.C., female students: achieve higher grade 12 grades, attain higher grade 12 graduation rates, achieve higher transition rates into B.C. public post-secondary education, and attain a higher proportion of post-secondary credentials than male students.
The findings in B.C. are consistent with the rest of Canada. The differences in male and female education achievements might be partially explained by the different rates of change in their employment rates and employment earnings at different levels of education.
Student Transitions Project 3
CONTENTS
(A) BC Secondary School Fast Facts:1. Grade-to-Grade Transition Rates2. Grade 12 Graduation Rates (among eligible grade
12’s)3. Grade 12 Academic GPA4. Grade 12 High Achievers
(B) Student Transitions into Post-Sec:5. Immediate-Entry Transition Rates6. Cumulative Three-year Transition Rates7. “Gappers” by Grade 12 Graduation Region8. First Type of Post-secondary Institution Attended9. First Credential Sought10. First Program Sought
STP Facts by G
ender
More
Student Transitions Project 4
CONTENTS, cont.
(C) Post-Secondary Credit Registrants:11. By Post-Secondary Institution Type12. By Credential Type13. By Program
(D) Post-Secondary Credentials Awarded:14. By Credential Type15. By Program Completed16. Trend in All Credentials Awarded, 2003 to 200817. Trend in Bachelors Degrees Awarded, 2003 to 2008
STP Facts by G
ender
More
Student Transitions Project 5
CONTENTS, cont.
(E) Post-Secondary Enrollment in Canada:18. University Enrollment in Canada, % Male vs. % Fem
ale19. College Enrollment in Canada, % Male vs. % Femal
e20. Undergraduate Enrollment by Discipline, BC vs. Ca
nada
(F) B.C. Labour Market Information:21. B.C. Unemployment Rates by Level of Education22. B.C. Employment Income by Level of Education
(G) Links
STP Facts by G
ender
Student Transitions Project 6
User’s Guide• Use mouse clicks or keyboard arrow keys to
navigate forward or backward through these Facts by Gender.
• Other navigation tools to click on: Return to the Table of Contents. Go to data slide for current definition/notes. Go to definition/notes for the current data slide. Print the current slide.
Print All Facts (60 pages). Full document print option is only available from here.
User’s G
uide
Student Transitions Project 7
Part AB.C. Secondary School
Facts
Student Transitions Project 8
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Grade to Grade Transition
Rates are the proportion of
students enrolled in a grade
who advanced to the next
higher grade.
• The differences in grade-to-
grade transition rates
between male and female
students are small.
• At all grade levels (in
2008/09), females advanced
to the next higher grade at
slightly higher rates than
males, except for grade 11 to
grade 12.
Grade to Grade Transition Rates1
Fact #
1
Student Transitions Project 9
Grade to Grade Transition Rates(2008/09)
Fact #1
Grade6 to 7
Grade7 to 8
Grade8 to 9
Grade9 to 10
Grade10 to 11
Grade11 to 12
82%
84%
86%
88%
90%
92%
94%
96%
98%
100%
97% 97% 97%96%
92%
84%
96%97%
96%95%
92%
85%
Female
Male
Source: http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/reports/pdfs/transition/public.xlsx, as at November 29, 2010.
Student Transitions Project 10
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Eligible Grade 12
Graduation Rate is the
proportion of “eligible” grade
12 students who graduated.
Note that “eligible” students
are those who, if they pass all
courses in which they were
enrolled as of September, will
have met all requirements to
graduate.
• From 2004/05 to 2008/09,
the eligible grade 12
graduation rate for females
has remained one to two
percentage points above
males.
Eligible Grade 12 Graduation Rates
Fact #
2
2
Student Transitions Project 11
Eligible Grade 12 Graduation Rates(2004/05 to 2008/09)
Fact #2
Source: http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/reports/pdfs/graduation/prov.xlsx, as at November 29, 2010.
2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/0982%
84%
86%
88%
90%
92%
94%
96%
98%
100%
96%96%
95%
96%96%
94% 94%
93%
95%
94%
FemaleMale
Student Transitions Project 12
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Academic GPA’s of B.C.
Grade 12 Graduates are
calculated by the STP as the
average across four academic
grade 12 subjects, including
English 12 and each students’
best three other academic
grade 12 subjects. Students
with insufficient academic grade
12 subjects (and no academic
GPA) are excluded from the
averages.
• Female grade 12 graduates
have maintained a higher
academic GPA than males,
from 2001/02 to 2007/08.
•The gap in the academic GPA
between males and females
has declined from 1.54 grade
points in 2001/02 to 1.13 in
2006/07.
• Note: Roughly half of each
grade 12 graduation cohort did
not complete the sufficient
academic grade 12 subjects in
order for STP to calculate their
academic GPA.
Fact #
3
3 Academic GPA’s of BC12 Graduates
Student Transitions Project 13
Academic GPA’s of B.C. Grade 12 Graduates
Fact #3
2001/2002
2002/2003
2003/2004
2004/2005
2005/2006
2006/2007
2007/2008
76.0
77.0
78.0
79.0
80.0
81.0
82.0
Females79.0
79.6 79.779.9 80.1
79.7
Females79.9
77.5Males
78.278.4
78.778.9
78.578.4
Males
Source: Student Transitions Project, STP First Transitions (Grad 2001-02 thru 2007-08) Version 2010-03-30.xlsx.
Student Transitions Project 14
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Grade 12 High Achievers
are students who achieved
high academic GPA’s (75%
GPA or higher) upon grade 12
graduation.
See Fact #3 for more
information on Academic GPA.
• On average, from 2001/02 to
2007/08, 35% of all female
grade 12 graduates (versus
27% of all male graduates)
achieved an academic GPA of
75% or higher upon grade 12
graduation.
Grade 12 High Achievers
Fact #
4
4
Student Transitions Project 15
% of Grade 12 High Achievers(2001/02 to 2007/08)
Fact #4
Source: Student Transitions Project, STP First Transitions (Grad 2001-02 thru 2007-08) Version 2010-03-30.xlsx.
2001/2002
2002/2003
2003/2004
2004/2005
2005/2006
2006/2007
2007/2008
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
33%35%
34%35% 36% 36% 36%
25% 26% 27% 27% 28% 28% 28%
% o
f Mal
e or
Fem
ale
Gra
duati
on C
ohor
t wit
h A
cade
mic
GPA
of 7
5% o
r Hig
her
Females
Males
Student Transitions Project 16
Part BStudent Transitions into
Post-Secondary Education
Student Transitions Project 17
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Immediate-Entry Transition
Rates are the % of each B.C.
grade 12 graduation cohort
that enrolled in B.C. public
post-secondary education
within one year of graduation
from high school.
• Female grade 12 graduates
have higher transition rates
than males.
• The transition rate gap
between males and females
is narrowing over time.
Immediate-Entry Transition Rates
Fact #
5
5
Student Transitions Project 18
Immediate-Entry Transition Rates (2001/02 to 2007/08 Gr12 Grads)
Fact #5
2001/2002 2002/2003 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/200844%
46%
48%
50%
52%
54%
56%
High School Graduation Year
Imm
edia
te-E
ntry
Tra
nsiti
on R
ate
Females
Males
Gap
Source: Student Transitions Project, STP First Transitions (Grad 2001-02 thru 2007-08) Version 2010-03-30.xlsx.
Student Transitions Project 19
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Cumulative Three-Year
Transition Rate is the
cumulative proportion of a
B.C. grade 12 graduation
cohort that has enrolled in B.C.
public post-secondary
education within three years
of grade 12 graduation.
• Female grade 12 graduates
have higher transition rates
into B.C. public post-
secondary education than
male graduates.
•The gap between the two
groups is relatively constant
at 3 to 4 percentage points.
Cumulative Three-Year Transition Rates6
Fact #
6
Student Transitions Project 20
Cumulative 3-Year Transition Rates (2001/02 to 2005/06 Gr12 Grads)
Fact #6
2001/2002 2002/2003 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/200660%
62%
64%
66%
68%
70%
72%
High School Graduation Year
Cum
ulati
ve T
hree
-Yea
rTr
ansi
tion
Rat
e
Females
Males
Gap
Source: Student Transitions Project, STP First Transitions (Grad 2001-02 thru 2007-08) Version 2010-03-30.xlsx.
Student Transitions Project 21
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
• Across the province, the
proportion of all graduates
who take a gap year ranges
from a low of 9% among
graduates in the
Vancouver/Langara region to a
high of more than 14% among
graduates of the Camosun and
Northern Lights regions.
• In most regions of the
province, male grade 12
graduates are more inclined to
take a gap year than females.
“Gappers” by Grade 12 Grad Region7
Fact #
7
“Gappers” are students who
took a year off between
completing grade 12 and
enrolling in post-secondary
education. During this time
period, these students often
work or travel, or they might
attend a B.C. private
institution or a post-secondary
institution outside of B.C. On
average, 11% of B.C. grade 12
graduates take a gap year and
this varies across regions of
B.C.
Student Transitions Project 22
“Gappers”by Region of Grade 12 Graduation
Fact #7
Vancouver/Langara
Kwantlen
Fraser Valley
Douglas
Thompson Rivers
BC System Total
Northern Lights
Capilano
Northwest
Rockies
Selkirk
North Island
New Caledonia
Malaspina
Okanagan
Camosun
8.2%
8.7%
9.5%
9.6%
9.8%
10.7%
11.0%
11.0%
11.5%
11.5%
11.8%
12.4%
12.6%
13.5%
14.1%
14.9%
9.3%
11.5%
9.0%
10.2%
11.8%
11.6%
17.5%
11.9%
14.0%
11.9%
12.9%
14.2%
12.2%
14.4%
12.4%
13.7%
Female Male
% of 2006/07 Grads Who Took a "Gap Year"
Regi
on o
f Gra
de 1
2 G
radu
ation
Student Transitions Project 23
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Post-Secondary Institution
Type Attended. When
students first enrol in post-
secondary education after
grade 12 graduation, the type
of institution where they enrol
is identified: Research-
Intensive University, Teaching-
Intensive University,
Community College or
Institute.
• In 2008/09, the most
popular destination for all
immediate-entry students
was a research-intensive
university, and this was more
so among females than
males.
• Each group of institution
types enrolled a larger share
of females than males,
except for institutes
(specifically BCIT) where
there were nearly 4 times as
many males as females.
Type of Institution First Attended8
Fact #
8
Student Transitions Project 24
Type of Institution First Attended (2007/08 Grads, Immediate Entry)
Fact #8
RESEARCH-INTENSIVEUNIVERSITY
COMMUNITYCOLLEGE
TEACHING-INTENSIVEUNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE
0 2,00
0
4,00
0
6,00
0
8,00
0
10,0
00
46%
47%
45%
79%
54%
53%
55%
21%Males
Females
RESEARCH-INTENSIVEUNIVERSITY
COMMUNITYCOLLEGE
TEACHING-INTENSIVEUNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE
RESEARCH-INTENSIVEUNIVERSITY
COMMUNITYCOLLEGE
TEACHING-INTENSIVEUNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE
Male
sFe
male
s
0 1,00
0
2,00
0
3,00
0
4,00
0
5,00
0
6,00
0
4,176 (38%)
3,059 (27%)
2,891 (26%)
1,003 (9%)
4,940 (41%)
3,512 (29%)
3,477 (29%)
267 (2%)
(a) % Distribution by PSI Type (b) % Distribution by PSI Type and Gender
Source: Student Transitions Project, STP First Transitions (Grad 2001-02 thru 2007-08) Version 2010-03-30.xlsx.
Student Transitions Project 25
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Credential Sought. When
students first enrolled in B.C.
public post-secondary
institutions after graduating
from grade 12 in 2007/08, the
STP can identify the type of
credential these students
enrolled in, such as Bachelor’s
Degree, Certificate, etc.
• The most popular credential
sought by 2007/08 grade 12
graduates who enrolled
immediately in B.C. public
post-secondary institutions in
2008/09 was a Bachelor’s
Degree, of which 56% were
female and 44% were male.
• Males accounted for 93% of
apprenticeship enrollment;
females accounted for 7%.
First Credential Sought9
Fact #
9
Student Transitions Project 26
First Credential Sought(Immediate-Entry, 2007/08 Grads)
Fact #9
APPRENTICESHIP (N=427)
CERTIFICATE (N=2,049)
OTHER (N=591)
DIPLOMA (N=4,367)
NONE (N=1,796)
BACHELORS DEGREE (N=10,884)
DEVELOPMENTAL (N=853)
SHORT CERTIFICATE (N=63)
ASSOCIATE DEGREE (N=2,295)
0% 50% 100%
7%
37%
49%
50%
52%
56%
57%
57%
62%
93%
63%
51%
50%
48%
44%
43%
43%
38%
Female Male
Source: Student Transitions Project, STP First Transitions (Grad 2001-02 thru 2007-08) Version 2010-03-30.xlsx.
Student Transitions Project 27
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Program Sought. By using
the Classification of
Instructional Program (CIP)
code, the STP identifies the
type of program that students
first enroll in. These programs
are grouped and reported in
clusters, such as Arts and
Sciences, Health, Education,
etc.
•In 2008/09, the majority of
immediate-entry students
enrolled in Arts and Sciences
programs , a study area
comprised of 61% females
and 39% males.
• Females make up more than
two-thirds of Health,
Education and Visual &
Performing Arts programs.
Males comprise more than
two thirds of Engineering and
Trades programs.
First Program Sought10
Fact #
10
Student Transitions Project 28
First Program Sought(Immediate-Entry, 2007/08 Grads)
Fact #10
Trades (N=1,657)
Engineering and Appl. Sciences (N=1,998)
Developmental (N=224)
Other (N=339)
Business and Management (N=2,501)
Personal Improvement and Leisure (N=715)
Human and Social Services (N=978)
Developmental (N=853)
Arts and Sciences (N=12,415)
Visual and Performing Arts (N=862)
Education (N=98)
Health (N=685)
0% 50% 100%
14%
17%
34%
40%
48%
54%
55%
57%
61%
66%
76%
87%
86%
83%
66%
60%
52%
46%
45%
43%
39%
34%
24%
13%
Female Male
Source: Student Transitions Project, STP First Transitions (Grad 2001-02 thru 2007-08) Version 2010-03-30.xlsx.
Student Transitions Project 29
Part CCredit Registrants
in B.C. PublicPost-Secondary Institutions
Student Transitions Project 30
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Credit Registrants by
Institution Type is the
number of students actively
enrolled in credit courses in
academic year 2008/08, by
type of institution. Students
enrolled in non-credit courses
are excluded.
• The largest volume of credit
registrants are enrolled in
research-intensive
universities.
• Credit registrants at each
group of institution type are
dominated by female
registrants, except institutes.
Credit Registrants by Institution Type11
Fact #
11
Student Transitions Project 31
Credit Registrantsby Institution Type
Fact #11
INSTITUTE
COMMUNITY COLLEGE
TEACHING-INTENSIVE UNIV
RESEARCH-INTENSIVE UNIV
0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000
20,067(42%)
29,383(63%)
33,769(60%)
60,063(56%)
27,367(58%)
17,532(37%)
22,069(40%)
47,107 (44%)
Female
Male
Source: Student Transitions Project, Post-Secondary Student Mobility Pivot Tables, based on Fall 2009 submissions.
Student Transitions Project 32
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Credit Registrants by Credential is the number of students enrolled in credit courses in 2008/09, by type of credential sought. Students enrolled in non-credit courses are excluded.
Gender Ratio is the number of male registrants per female registrant. Values below 1.0 indicate that there are fewer males than females; values above 1.0 indicate that there are more males than females in the program.
• The majority of credit
registrants are enrolled in
Bachelor’s Degrees, a
credential area with three-
quarters as many males as
females.
• Each credential category is
dominated by females,
except for Doctorates and
miscellaneous “other
undergraduate” credentials.
Credit Registrants by Credential Type12
Fact #
12
Degree
Student Transitions Project 33
OTHER GRADUATE
ASSOCIATE DEGREE
CERTIFICATE
MASTERS DEGREE
DEVELOPMENTAL
BACHELORS DEGREE
DIPLOMA
POST-DEGREE DIPLOMA
FIRST PROFESSIONAL DEGREE
NONE
OTHER UNDERGRADUATE
DOCTORATE
0.000.250.500.751.001.25
0.42
0.58
0.65
0.67
0.72
0.75
0.86
0.88
0.90
0.92
1.07
1.14
Gender Ratio (M:F)
Credit Registrantsby Credential Type
Fact #12
OTHER GRADUATE
ASSOCIATE DEGREE
CERTIFICATE
MASTERS DEGREE
DEVELOPMENTAL
BACHELORS DEGREE
DIPLOMA
POST-DEGREE DIPLOMA
FIRST PROFESSIONAL DEGREE
NONE
OTHER UNDERGRADUATE
DOCTORATE
0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000
1,574
12,016
19,924
13,130
5,491
98,38036,527
3,720
2,088
31,800
27,271
5,436
All Credit Registrants
Female MaleTotal
Source: Student Transitions Project, Post-Secondary Student Mobility Pivot Tables, based on Fall 2009 submissions.
Note: “Other Undergraduate” includes post-degree diplomas, first professional degrees, advanced diplomas, post-degree certificates. “Other Graduate” includes graduate certificates and diplomas.
Student Transitions Project 34
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Credit Registrants by Program is the number of students enrolled in credit courses in academic year 2008/09, by type of program area, based on the Classification of Instructional Program (CIP) code. Students enrolled in non-credit courses are excluded. Note that registrants in Developmental and Trades programs may be under-reported because some institutions record hours (rather than credits) for these students.
Gender Ratio see Fact #12 defn.
• The majority of registrants
are enrolled in Arts and
Sciences programs, a
program area with two-thirds
as many males as females.
• Each program area is
dominated by females,
except for Trades and
Engineering and Applied
Sciences.
Credit Registrants by Program13
Fact #
13
Student Transitions Project 35
Credit Registrantsby Program Area
Fact #13
Health
Education
Personal Improvement and Leisure
Visual and Performing Arts
Human and Social Services
Arts and Sciences
Developmental
Business and Management
Other
Engineering and Applied Sciences
Trades
0.001.002.003.004.005.00
0.29
0.40
0.51
0.51
0.59
0.67
0.74
0.98
1.03
2.76
4.67
Gender Ratio (M:F)
Health
Education
Personal Improvement and Leisure
Visual and Performing Arts
Human and Social Services
Arts and Sciences
Developmental
Business and Management
Other
Engineering and Applied Sciences
Trades
0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000
18,255
12,630
1,353
8,370
14,747
96,202
7,031
37,654
34,873
21,021
5,383
All Credit Registrants
FMGrand Total
Source: Student Transitions Project, Post-Secondary Student Mobility Pivot Tables, based on Fall 2009 submissions.
Student Transitions Project 36
Part DPost-Secondary
Credentials Awarded
Student Transitions Project 37
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
All Credentials Awarded by Type refers to the number of students who received each type or level of credential from B.C. public post-secondary institutions in 2008, such as Bachelor’s Degree, Certificate, Diploma, and others listed in the chart.Note that apprenticeship credentials are awarded by the Industry Training Authority (ITA) and generally not reported by post-secondary institutions and are thus under-reported here.
Gender Ratio is provided in Fact #14b and defined in Fact #12.
• Credentials are awarded to
more females than males
across all credential types,
except for Apprenticeships
and Doctorates.
• Bachelor’s degrees are
awarded to roughly two-thirds
as many males as females.
All Credentials Awarded, by Type14
Fact #
14
Student Transitions Project 38
All Credentials Awarded, by Type (Calendar Year 2008)
Fact #14a
BACHELORS DEGREE
CERTIFICATE
DIPLOMA
DEVELOPMENTAL
SHORT CERTIFICATE
ASSOCIATE DEGREE
APPRENTICESHIP
OTHER UNDERGRADUATE
MASTERS DEGREE
DOCTORATE
OTHER GRADUATE
UNDE
RGRA
DUAT
EGR
ADUA
TE
0 2,0004,000
6,0008,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
Males
Females
Note: “Other Undergraduate” includes post-degree diplomas, first professional degrees, advanced diplomas, post-degree certificates. “Other Graduate” includes graduate certificates and diplomas Source: STP, Credentials Awarded by Calendar Year (2003 to 2008).
Student Transitions Project 39
Gender Ratio by Type of Credential Completed, 2008
Fact #14b
ASSOCIATE DEGREE (N=839)
Other Graduate (N=402)
BACHELORS DEGREE (N=19,860)
DEVELOPMENTAL (N=1,600)
MASTERS DEGREE (N=3,765)
DIPLOMA (N=7,492)
CERTIFICATE (N=16,178)
SHORT CERTIFICATE (N=1,254)
DOCTORATE (N=654)
Other Undergraduate (N=188)
APPRENTICESHIP (N=750)
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20
0.50
0.59
0.63
0.68
0.70
0.86
0.89
0.96
1.16
1.27
20.43
Gender Ratio (M:F) of Credentials Completed in 2008, by Credential Type
>>> 20.43
Source: STP, Credentials Awarded by Calendar Year (2003 to 2008).
Student Transitions Project 40
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Credentials Awarded, by Program is the number of students who received a credential from B.C. public post-secondary institutions in calendar year 2008, by program. The program information is derived from the Classification of Instructional Program (CIP) code associated with the program for each credential awarded.
Gender Ratio is the number of male program completers per female program completers (see Fact #15b for summary). Gender ratio definition is provided in Fact #12.
• The majority of credential
completers in 2008 were in
Arts and Sciences programs,
of which two-thirds were
female.
• Credential completers in
Trades and Engineering and
Applied Sciences programs
were dominated by males.
• Females outnumbered
males in all other program
areas completed, with a
notable dominance in Health
and Education programs.
Credentials Awarded, by Program15
Fact #
15
Student Transitions Project 41
Credentials Awarded, by Program (Calendar Year 2008)
Fact #15a
Source: STP, Credentials Awarded by Calendar Year (2003 to 2008).
Developmental (N=1,740)
Visual and Performing Arts (N=1,989)
Education (N=4,273)
Human and Social Services (N=4,351)
Engineering and Applied Sciences (N=5,670)
Health (N=6,381)
Trades (N=7,028)
Business and Management (N=8,852)
Arts and Sciences (N=13,141)
-1,000 1,000 3,000 5,000 7,000 9,000 11,000 13,000 15,000
58%
68%
76%
63%
30%
83%
15%
60%
63%
1,740
1,989
4,273
4,351
5,670
6,381
7,028
8,852
13,141
24%
37%
70%
17%
85%
40%
37%
Females Males
Series3
Student Transitions Project 42
Personal Improvement and Leisure (N=171)
Health (N=6,381)
Education (N=4,273)
Visual and Performing Arts (N=1,989)
Human and Social Services (N=4,351)
Arts and Sciences (N=13,141)
Business and Management (N=8,852)
Developmental (N=1,740)
Engineering and Applied Sciences (N=5,670)
Trades (N=7,028)
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00
0.09
0.20
0.31
0.48
0.58
0.59
0.68
0.72
2.38
Gender Ratio (M:F), by Completed Credential Program Area, 2008
Fact #15b
>>> 5.69
Source: STP, Credentials Awarded by Calendar Year (2003 to 2008).
Student Transitions Project 43
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
All Credentials Awarded
from 2003 to 2008 by B.C.
public post-secondary
institutions, includes all
credential types listed in
Fact #14a.
• Over the six-year period,
from 2003 to 2008, a total of
314,649 credentials were
awarded from B.C. public
post-secondary institutions,
of which 55% were awarded
to females and 43% to males.
Trends – All Credentials Awarded16
Fact #
16
Student Transitions Project 44
All Credentials Awarded 2003 to 2008
Fact #16
Note: A total of 314,649 credentials were awarded from 2003 to 2008, including 4,929 students with gender unknown.
Source: STP, Credentials Awarded by Calendar Year (2003 to 2008).
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
27,5
94
28,4
66
28,4
16
29,6
49
29,9
94
30,1
31
20,9
48
22,1
66
22,7
25
23,0
50
23,0
47
23,5
34
Females
Males
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
55% 56% 55% 56% 56% 55%
42% 43% 44% 43% 43% 43%
% Unkwn % Male
% Female
Student Transitions Project 45
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Bachelor’s Degrees
Awarded is the count of
Bachelor’s Degrees awarded
annually by B.C. public post-
secondary institutions.
• Over the six-year period,
from 2003 to 2008, a total of
108,915 Bachelor’s Degrees
were awarded, of which 61%
were awarded to females and
38% to males.
• In the last five years,
females have consistently
earned at least 60% of all
Bachelor’s Degrees awarded
in B.C.
Trends - Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded17
Fact #
17
Student Transitions Project 46
Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded 2003 to 2008
Fact #17
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
9,24
9 10,1
80
10,6
72 11,7
53
12,1
84
12,0
03
5,88
7
6,43
1
6,76
7
7,31
5
7,29
1
7,53
7
Females
Males
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
58% 61% 61% 61% 62% 60%
37% 38% 38% 38% 37% 38%
% Unkwn % Male % Female
Note: A total of 108,915 Bachelor's Degrees were awarded from 2003 to 2008, including 1,646 students with gender unknown.
Source: STP, Credentials Awarded by Calendar Year (2003 to 2008).
Student Transitions Project 47
Part EPost-Secondary Enrollment
in Canada
Student Transitions Project 48
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
University Enrollment in
2007/08 in each province in
Canada is available from
Statistics Canada by province
and by full-time or part-time
status. The % distribution of
university enrollment between
males and females, by
province and full-time/part-
time status is provided.
• On average, 57% of the full-
time university enrollment in
Canada in 2007/08 was
comprised of females and
43% males. This is
consistent with the proportion
in B.C.
• For the country as a whole,
67% of part-time university
students were female (vs.
32% male). B.C. has the
lowest proportion of females
(58%) and highest share of
males (43%) participating in
university on a part-time
basis.
University Enrollment in Canada18
Fact #
18
Student Transitions Project 49
University Enrollment in Canada, % Male-Female by Province, 2007/08
Fact #18
AB QC SK CAN ON MB BC NS NB NL PE0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
44% 44% 43% 43% 43% 43% 43% 42% 42%40%
35%Males
56% 56% 57% 57% 57% 57% 57% 58% 58%60%
Females65%
BC AB NL PE ON MB SK NS NB CAN QC0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
43% 41% 40% 39% 39% 38% 36% 36% 36%33% 32%
Males
57% 59% 60% 61% 61% 62% 64% 64% 65%67%
Females68%
Full-Time University Part-Time University
Source: CAUT Almanac 2010-11, Table 3.4, Full-time and Part-time University Enrolment, 2007-08, originally from Statistics Canada.
Student Transitions Project 50
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
College Enrollment in 2007/08
in each province in Canada is
available from Statistics
Canada by province and by
full-time or part-time status.
The % distribution of college
enrollment between males and
females, by province and full-
time/part-time status is
provided.
• On average, 58% of the full-
time college enrollment in
B.C. in 2007/08 was
comprised of females and
42% males. In the Maritime
Provinces, part-time males
exceed part-time females.
• The % distribution of
females (64%) and males
(36%) enrolled part-time in
college is roughly the same
as the average for Canada
(61% vs. 39%).
College Enrollment in Canada19
Fact #
19
Student Transitions Project 51
College Enrollment in Canada, % Male-Female by Province, 2007/08
Fact #19
Full-Time College Part-Time College
Source: CAUT Almanac 2010-11, Table 3.3, Full-time and Part-time College Enrolment, 2007-08, originally from Statistics Canada.
NL NB PE NS ON MB CAN AB BC QC SK TERR0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
56% 55% 54% 53%
48% 47% 45% 43% 42% 42% 40%
26%Males
45% 45% 46% 47%
52% 53% 55% 57% 58% 58% 60%
Females74%
NL QC ON NB PE CAN BC NS AB MB TERR SK0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
59%
42% 41% 41% 41%39%
36% 36%34% 33%
27%25%
Males
41%
58% 59% 59% 59%61%
64% 64%66% 67%
73%
Females75%
Student Transitions Project 52
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Undergraduate FTE is the full-
time equivalent enrollment in
2007/08. The % of females in
each discipline is provided for
B.C. vs. Canada.
• Across all disciplines in
Canada, females comprise
59% of all undergraduate FTE
enrollment (similar to 58% for
B.C.)
• The share of females in B.C.
in each discipline is similar to
the share of females per
discipline in Canada, except
for Personal, Protective and
Transportation Services (63%
females in B.C. vs. 46% for all
of Canada).
Undergraduate FTE’s by Discipline20
Fact #
20
Student Transitions Project 53
2007/08 Undergraduate FTE’s:% Female by Major Discipline
Fact #20
Education
Health, Parks, Recreation and Fitness
Visual and Performing Arts, and Communciation Technologies
Personal, Protective and Transportation Services
Social nd Behavioural Sciences
Other
Humanities
Business, Management and Public Administration
Agriculture, Natural Resources and Conservation
Physical and Life Sciences and Technologies
Mathematics, Computer and Informeration Sceinces
Architecture, Engineering and Related Technologies
Total
78%
70%
64%
63%
63%
63%
60%
53%
52%
52%
24%
18%
58%
77%
73%
66%
46%
66%
63%
62%
53%
57%
56%
25%
20%
59%
BC Canada
Source: CAUT Almanac 2010-11, Table 3.11, Undergraduate Enrollment by Major Discipline and Sex, 2007-08, originally from Statistics Canada.
Student Transitions Project 54
Part FB.C. Labour Market Information
Student Transitions Project 55
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Unemployment Rate is the %
of the B.C. labour force, age
25 to 34, who were
unemployed, as per the 2006
Census. Unemployment rates
for males vs. females are
compared at different levels of
education.
• In 2006, for those aged 25
to 34, the unemployment
rate for males was below that
of females at all levels of
education and across all
disciplines combined.
• By earning a bachelor’s
degree over a high school
certificate, females aged 25
to 34 can reduce their
unemployment rate 2.5
percentage points, but the
benefit to males is much
smaller (0.8 percentage
points).
B.C. Unemployment Rates21
Fact #
21
Student Transitions Project 56
B.C. Unemployment % by Highest Level of Education, Age 25-34
Fact #21
Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census of Population, Age 25-34, B.C., Statistics Canada catalogue no. 97-560-XCB2006011.
High school certificate or equivalent
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma
College or other non-university certificate or diploma
University certificate or diploma below bachelor's
Bachelor's Degree
Master's Degree
Earned Doctorate
-2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0%
5.3%
4.2%
4.3%
4.5%
4.5%
5.9%
3.5%
7.8%
7.2%
6.1%
6.3%
5.3%
7.4%
5.8%
FemalesMales
Males Females0.0%
1.0%
2.0%
3.0%
4.0%
5.0%
6.0%
7.0%
8.0%
9.0%
5.3%High
SchoolOnly
7.8%High
SchoolOnly
4.5%Bach.Deg.
5.3%Bach.Deg.
Unemployment Rates Compared:High School vs. Bachelor’s Degree
-0.8%
-2.5%
Student Transitions Project 57
DEFINITIONS
OBSERVATIONS & NOTES
Median Income is the amount
of employment income earned
by individuals in B.C., aged 25
to 34, working full-time for the
full year, as per the 2006
Census. The median is the
income level at which half the
individuals earn below that
amount and half earn above
that amount.
• The median income for
males and females, age 25 to
34, is higher for those with a
Bachelor’s degree compared
to those with a certificate or
diploma below a bachelor’s
degree (including high
school, apprenticeship,
college, etc. below a
bachelor’s degree).
• The median income of
females with a bachelor’s
degree is roughly the same
as males without a bachelor’s
degree.
Median Income in B.C., Age 25 - 2322
Fact #
22
Student Transitions Project 58
Certificate or diploma below bachelor's Bachelor's Degree$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$39,014
$48,007
$29,959
$40,492
Males Females
Median Income in B.C., Age 25-34
Fact #22
Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census of Population, Age 25-34, B.C., Statistics Canada catalogue no. 97-563-XCB2006054.
Student Transitions Project 59
Links
Student Transitions Project 60
Links• Student Transitions Project
http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/student_transitions/
• STP Fast Factshttp://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/student_transitions/documents/stp_fast_facts.pdf
• Post-secondary Central Data Warehouse (CDW)http://www.aved.gov.bc.ca/datawarehouse/welcome.htm
• BC HEADset http://www.bcheadset.ca/
• Ministry of Education Reporting on K-12 Education http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/reporting/
Links