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Ohm’s Law and Circuits
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• describes the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance
• greater the voltage across a device with resistance, the greater the current through the device
1. Ohm’s Law
Ohm’s Law and Circuits
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• current = voltage (volts)
(amps) resistance (ohms)
I = V
R• 10 amps cause wires to get
hot• 22 amps are maximum for a
house circuit• 25 or higher can start a fire
1. Ohm’s Law continued
Ohm’s Law and Circuits
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You have a wire with a resistance of 5 ohms and a potential difference of 75 volts. What is the current?
R = 5 ohms V = 75 volts
I = V I = 75 volts
R 5 ohms
I = 15 amps
2. Using Ohm’s Law
Ohm’s Law and Circuits
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• voltage = current x resistance
V = I x R• resistance = voltage
current
R = V
I
3. Rearranging Ohm’s Law
Ohm’s Law and Circuits
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• A circuit has 3 resistors connected to a battery. A current of 1.0 A flows through the circuit. The resistance if 25 Ω. What is the voltage of the battery?
V= IR I= 1.0 A R= 25Ω
V= 1.0 A x 25Ω= 25 volts
4. Calculating Voltage
Ohm’s Law and Circuits
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• measure of the stored electric charge per unit electric potential
• measured in units called farad
• capacitors store electrical energy
5. capacitance
Ohm’s Law and Circuits
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• one where electrons have only one path along which they can move
• current flows from one load to next in a single path, but if one load goes out, circuit is open and won’t work
• ex. christmas tree lights
6. series circuit
Ohm’s Law and Circuits
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• one where the electrons have more than one path to move along
• if load gets out, it will still work because electrons have another path to travel
7. parallel circuit
Ohm’s Law and Circuits