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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 1
DEVELOPING A CONCEPTUAL REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR GNEP
Amy M. SnyderUS NRCDivision of Fuel Cycle Safety and Safeguards Office of Nuclear Material Safety and SafeguardsWashington, DC
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 2
Outline
• NRC’s Current GNEP Role
• NRC’s GNEP Activities
• Challenges
• Stakeholder Input
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 3
NRC GNEP Project Managers• Amy M. Snyder, Sr. Project Manager
GNEP Fuel Separations and Fuel [email protected]
• Wilkins Smith, Sr. Project Manager Advanced Recycling [email protected]
• Yawar Farez, Sr. Project ManagerGNEP Advanced Fuel Cycle Facility [email protected]
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 4
NRC’s GNEP Role
• Currently- no commercial GNEP facilities
• Commission asked staff to develop a conceptual licensing process for GNEP (SRM-SECY-06-0066)
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 5
NRC’s GNEP Role (continued)
• If GNEP is to be commercialized, then:– NRC regulatory authority
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 6
NRC’s GNEP Role (continued)
• Potential facilities NRC could regulate:
– Reprocessing facility– Fuel fabrication facility– Interim storage and/or vitrification facility– Fast reactor facility– Associated Special Nuclear Material
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 7
NRC’s GNEP Role (continued)
• “NRC’s role is not to judge the policy merits of pursuing a domestic reprocessing capability.
• Our job is to provide a fair and workable regulatory framework under which such a facility could be licensed while achieving reasonable assurance of adequate protection of public health and safety and common defense of security.”
Commissioner McGaffigan(COMEXM-06-0003)
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 8
Outline
• NRC’s Current GNEP Role
• NRC’s GNEP Activities
• Challenges
• Stakeholder Input
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 9
NRC’s GNEP Activities
• NMSS Lead on Developing Regulatory Licensing Process
• Agency-wide effort• SECY-07-0081 : GNEP Facilities• Obtain stakeholder input on licensing process
• DOE/NRC Memorandum of Understanding– Obtain an understanding of new technology
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 10
NRC’s GNEP Activities
• SECY-07-0081
– 4 Options – Staff Recommendation– Commission Decision
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 11
NRC’s GNEP Activities• SECY-07-0110 Options
Potentially One rulemaking
FRN- solicit stakeholder input (Order vs. Reg]-Staff concurrently develops technical basis documents to support next step
4
One RulemakingGNEP Regulation3
Two Rulemakings-Create Part -5XSane as Option 12
Rulemaking for CFTCPotential Rulemaking for ABR
-Use Part 50-Explore suitable modification to Part 52
-Revise Part 70-Consider additional safety analysis requirements
1
CommentsAdvanced Recycling Reactor(ABR)
Fuel Sep/Fuel Fab(CFTC)
Option
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 12
NRC’s GNEP ActivitiesSECY-07-0081 Staff Recommendation
• Option 1: Phased Approach
• Develop Technical Basis Documents to Support Rulemaking
• After DOE Secretarial Decision on Scope of GNEP: Move to new GNEP Regulation.
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 13
NRC’s GNEP Activities
• NEXT STEPS– Agency wide Effort/Stakeholder Input– Waste Management– Safeguards– Decommissioning– Environmental Review
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 14
NRC’s GNEP Activities
• DOE/NRC GNEP MOU– Information Exchange– Knowledge gathering– Learn about new technologies
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 15
NRC’s GNEP Activities
• Factors affecting future NRC activities:– Commission Decision on SECY-07-0081.– June 2008 DOE Secretarial Decision- on the
scope of GNEP?– Letter of Intent?– Appropriations?
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 16
Outline
• NRC’s Current GNEP Role
• NRC’s GNEP Activities
• Challenges
• Stakeholder Input
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 17
Challenges- Regulatory
• Interdependence of facilities (each facility affects the safety, quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of the others):
– Broad array of applicable NRC regulations – Multiple NRC program offices
• Ensure a stable and reliable regulatory infrastructure is in place well before application is submitted
– Provides guidance to applicants – Supports timely NRC licensing review
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 18
Challenges- Other
• Congress on Board?– Near term funding– Sustaining funding for out years– Supplier vs User Nations issues
• New Administration• New Technology• Industry on Board?
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 19
Challenges- Other
• Technology– DOE has not selected technologies
• Lab scale tested
– Validated Models?– Cross section data
• Potential Health and Safety Challenges
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 20
Challenges- Potential Health and Safety
Issues• Time after discharge – short versus long• Intense/lethal radiation• Self-heating materials• Criticality (particularly in liquid phases)• Chemicals, toxicity, and reactivity (organics and gases)• Dissolution and insolubles/solid fines• Fire and explosion (e.g., hydrogen)• Environmental qualification of equipment• HVAC/filters/offgas.• Waste treatment, forms (e.g., HLW, hulls, LLW)
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 21
Challenges- Potential Differences from
Current Part 70 Facilities
• Usually mixtures of Pu/TRU isotopes (which ones and %s)
• Radiation• Alpha effects• “Chemically toxic” (complexed/soluble and
reactions)• Thermal – frequently “warm”• Criticality
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 22
Challenges- Potential Differences between
LWR technology
• Liquid metal (Na) coolant?• Intermediate heat transfer loop• Higher enrichment/fissile fuels• Higher burnup SNF• Larger actinide source term
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 23
NRC Oversight of Potential GNEP Facilities Phased Approach
(Yellow boxes could enter licensing now)
SNF StoragePart 72
Reprocessing and SeparationsPart 7X
ABR/Actinide Fuel FabricationAnd SNM,TRU, and New Fuel Storage
Part 7X
HLW VitrificationAnd StoragePart 70 or 7X
Cs/Sr/non-TRUWaste Solidification
And StoragePart 30 or 7X
TRU Stabilization,Waste Solidification,
And StoragePart 7X
REPU StoragePart 70
ABR 1Part 50/52
ABR 2Part 50/52
Site Boundary
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 24
Outline
• NRC’s Current GNEP Role
• NRC’s GNEP Activities
• Challenges
• Stakeholder Input
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 25
Stakeholder Input
• Licensing Process for Regulating GNEP– Licensable versus licensed?– Facilities on DOE sites?– Co-location of GNEP facilities?
• Potential Health and Safety Concerns
• Potential Safeguard Concerns
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 26
Stakeholder Input
• Ways to obtain your input– FCIX conference:
• NRC to summarize your GNEP input and place on NRC website.
• NRC staff to consider your comments in conceptual licensing process development
– NRC Feedback Forms– Other?
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 27
Stakeholder Input
• Licensing Process for GNEP– How should GNEP facilities and associated
Special Nuclear Materials be regulated?
– Comments on SECY-07-0081
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 28
Stakeholder Input
• What are your potential health and safety concerns as related to GNEP?
» Worker» Public» Environment
• How would you address these potential health and safety concerns in the licensing framework?
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 29
Stakeholder Input
• What are your potential safeguards concerns as related to GNEP?
• How should they be addressed in the licensing framework?
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June 2007 US NRC FCIX 30
Overview
• NRC’s Current GNEP Role
• NRC’s GNEP Activities
• Challenges
• Stakeholder Input