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Rohde & Schwarz OTA Test Forum
DEVICE CERTIFICATION AND PERFORMANCE
TESTING FOR OTA: TODAY AND TOMORROW
RONALD BORSATO
OTA CHIEF TECHNICAL OFFICER
PCTEST ENGINEERING LABORATORY
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIAL
CTIA/PTCRB Certification Testing for OTA
Performance Testing for OTA
5G Impacts
Certification Testing (OTA and RF/Protocol)
OTA PerformanceTesting
Agenda
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CTIA/PTCRB Certification Testing for OTA
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIAL
CTIA OTA Test Plan.
• Full Test Plan Title
“CTIA Test Plan for Wireless Device Over-the-Air Performance”
• Overview of Key Testing Requirements for SISO OTA
• Cellular TRP and TIS in Free Space, Beside Head/Hand, and Hand Only Phantom Test Configurations
• GSM/GPRS/EGPRS/WCDMA/LTE/CDMA/1xRTT/1xEV-DO
• 2DL and 3DL Carrier Aggregation Configurations for LTE
• A-GNSS TIS in Beside Head/Hand and Hand Only Phantom Test Configurations
• GSM/WCDMA/CDMA Control Plane, LTE User Plane or Control Plane
• Intermediate Channel Desensitization Testing
• Cellular and A-GNSS
• Laptop/Tablet and M2M TRP and TIS Testing for Cellular and A-GNSS in Free-Space
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIALCTIA OTA v3.6.x Test Plan (Mandatory as of 10/15/2016)
.
• Current required revision is Version 3.6.2
• Updates from Version 3.5.2:
• Additional Downlink LTE Carrier Aggregation Aspects
• Additional 2 DL CA Combinations With Harmonic/Intermodulation Issues
• 3 DL CA Combinations with ICS Logic
• Alternate Phantoms
• Wide PDA Hand (72mm to 92mm wide devices)
• LTE Control Plane A-GNSS OTA
• Test Time Reduction Considerations
• Reduced Legacy RAT Testing for Fully Tested LTE Bands
• Spiral TRP
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIALCTIA OTA v3.7 Test Plan (Released in June 2017)
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• Mandatory date: November 30, 2017
• Updates from Version 3.6.x:
• OTA Performance of Wrist-Worn Devices (Informative)
• Testing will be based on a CTIA-designed arm phantom which provides OTA performance measurements with low uncertainty regardless of DUT strap size
• Category M1 TRP/TIS (Informative)
• New Operating Bands
• Band 66 and Band 70
• A-GNSS OTA
• Transmit Antenna Switching for Band 13 LTE A-GNSS
• Addition of SIB8/SIB16 for LTE A-GNSS
• Standalone GNSS OTA Guidelines (Informative)
• Further Test Time Reduction Considerations
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIALCTIA OTA v3.8 Test Plan(Projected Release in January 2018)
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• Projected Mandatory Date: May 31, 2018
• Updates from Version 3.7.x:
• Changing from individual TIS (I-TIS) to combined TIS (C-TIS)
• OTA Performance of Wrist-Worn Devices (Normative)
• Category M1 TRP/TIS (Normative)
• Metropolitan Beacon System OTA (Indoor Positioning)
• LAA and any additional 2DL and 3DL CA combinations
• CA testing simplifications
• Alternate OTA test procedure for devices intended to operate at a very low transmit duty-cycle
• Further Test Time Reduction Considerations
• Optional Test Procedures
• Bluetooth and BluetoothLE
• ZigBee
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIALCTIA 2x2 DL MIMO OTA Ver1.1.x Test Plan (Mandatory as of 4/1/2017)
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• CTIA “Test Plan for 2x2 Downlink MIMO and Transmit Diversity OTA Performance, Ver1.1 Published August 2016
• Scope Includes:
• SIR-Controlled Test Procedure for FDD Using the Multi-Probe Anechoic Chamber (MPAC)
• Receiver performance based on usage case (orientations) and RF environmental condition
• Control of the SIR allows evaluation of EUT’s spatial multiplexing performance similar to actual networks
• SCME Urban Macro Channel Model with operation in Open Loop Spatial Multiplexing (OL-SM) mode
• MIMO Average Radiated SIR Sensitivity (MARSS) Receiver Performance
• Averages Signal to Interference Ratio (SIR) levels resulting in 95%, 90%, and 70% of maximum throughput
• Updates from Ver1.0 to Ver1.1:
• Added upper limit of 30dB for SIR
• MARSS Performance Metric updated to reflect treatment of test points that are not capable of achieving the target throughput
• Added Channel Model Validation test limits
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIALCTIA 2x2 DL MIMO OTA Ver1.1.x Test Plan (Mandatory as of 4/1/2017)
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• Updates from V1.1 to V1.1.1 (V1.1.1 released September 2017)
• Clarification that SIR is defined at a per resource element level
• Clarification that all UE antennas shall be enabled and in normal operating state duringtest
• Clarification that Data Mode Landscape (DML) would be using Right Tilt
• Clarification that Tablets fitting device size/antenna separation requirements to be tested in same orientations as handsets
• FYI – Scope for V1.2
• MIMO testing for TDD in SIR Environment
• Additional mechanical use cases for operating bands below 1 GHz; DMSU and DML-LeftTilt
• De-scope TM2 for UE-noise limited case due to decision to move to dual receiver TIS in main OTA Test Plan
• RTS (as per MOSG150906_R6 [1] including all RTS-related stipulations agreed therein)
• Optional VRC Test Utilizing TR 37.901 Follow-CSI Approach
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIALCTIA WiFi Mobile Converged Devices v2.0.3Test Plan (Mandatory as of October 01, 2015)
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• CTIA “Test Plan for RF Performance Evaluation of Wi-Fi Mobile Converged Devices” Version 2.0.3. Published September 2016
• Scope Includes:
• Wi-Fi for 802.11a/b/g/n
• Wi-Fi Conducted Power and Sensitivity Tests
• Radiated RF Tests: Wi-Fi TRP, Wi-Fi TIS, Wi-Fi Rx Sensitivity w/Cellular active, Cellular Rx Sensitivity
with Wi-Fi active
• Baseline methodology is CTIA OTA TRP/TIS
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Performance Testing for OTA
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIAL
Performance Testing for OTA.
• Operator Driven
• Focus in Areas not Addressed by Certification:
• Bluetooth, NFC, GPS, Co-Existence, Internal Desense at Operator Specific Channels
• Alternate Metrics (Near-Horizon Partial Quantities, Antenna Efficiency, ECC,etc.)
• Alternate Test Environments (Reverberation Chamber w/ and w/o Channel Emulator, Small Chambers, etc.)
• Alternate Device Positioning, Alternate Phantoms (Ground Plane, Body-Worn, Lap/Table,etc.)
• Targeted OTA Tests/Metrics based on Device Type
• Operator Specific RF Channel Configurations and Channels
• Operator Specific Pass/Fail Requirements
• Goal is to Derive Expected Network Performance/Coverage from Performance Test
• Certification Testing Metrics may not Allow for a Full Evaluation
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5G Impacts
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIAL
5G Impacts for Certification Testing.
• Device Testing for Operating Bands > 6 GHz:
• Conducted Testing Impractical for Antenna Arrays
• OTA Baseline Test Method
• Degrees of Freedom for Device Orientation and Measurement/Link Antenna Orientation
• Radio Performance and Protocol Areas Need Specific OTA Solutions
• Antenna Performance
• RF (Tx/Rx Characteristics)
• Radio Resource Management
• Demodulation Performance
• Protocol Conformance (Possible Mix of RF and RRM)
• Test System Simplification for Complex Test Environment Required
• Conformance Test System Complexity, Size, and Cost Need to Meet Market Needs
• Minimize Impact to Test System Operators (OTA Knowledge Now Required)
DRAFT 3GPP TR 38.810
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIAL
5G Antenna Array15
Full Brute Force
Beam Steering
Solution with
Channel Emulation
Impractical
IC1004 TD(15)12048
Dublin, Ireland
January 28-30, 2015
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIAL
RF/RRM Conformance < 6 GHz16
Test Equipment
Connected to Shield
Box with RF Cables
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIAL
RF/RRM Conformance > 6 GHz17
Test Equipment
Connected to Full
Anechoic OTA
Chamber
Chamber Size TBD
Facility Impact TBD
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIAL
5G Impacts for Certification Testing.
• Far-Field
• Chamber Size
• Path Loss
• Measurement Distance
• Device Size
• Antenna Size
• Impact of Test Equipment Power and Sensitivity Requirements
• Device Positioning
• Device Centering vs. Antenna Array Centering
• Positioning Accuracy
• Impact of Test System Uncertainty
DRAFT 3GPP TR 38.810
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIAL
5G Impacts for Certification Testing.
• UE Antenna Beamwidth
• UE Antenna Beamwidth Unknown
• Impact of Certification Measurement System Sampling
• Certification Test Metrics
• TRP vs. EIRP
• C-TIS vs. EIS
• Efficiency?
• UE Test Functions
• Beam Lock
• Others
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PCTEST CONFIDENTIAL
5G Impacts for OTA Performance Testing.
• Impact to Performance Testing
• Operator-Specific Test Conditions and/or Test Metrics may Impact Baseline Test Method
• Previously Re-Use of Baseline Test Method was MorePractical
• Reliance on UE Test Functions and Implementations
• Implementation Errors may Obscure PerformanceMeasurement
• Possible Performance Tests with Baseline Test Setup Impact
• Beam Tracking/Beam Acquisition
• Interworking (Handover, UE Measurements, etc.) with Multiple Beams
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Thank you for your attention!.