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DIETARY EFFECT OF PREBIOTIC
SUPPLEMENTATION ON FISH
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Prebiotics Aquaculture
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Introduction
In 1995Concept was introduced By Gibson and Roberfroid.
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Criteria to be called as pre-biotic:
Resistant to hydrolysis Fermented by intestinal microbiota. Selectively stimulate growth or activity of
beneficial intestinal bacteria i.e, Lactobacillus species Bifidobacterium species
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Prebiotics
Non-digestible food ingredient that beneficially affects the host by selectively stimulating the growth
Chemicals that induce the growth or activity of commensal microorganisms (e.g., bacteria and fungi).
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Types of prebiotics
On the basis of source of origin: Disaccharide
Oligosaccharide
Resistant Starch
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Disaccharide
Laccitol Lactulose Xylitol
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Oligosaccharide
Fructo-oligosaccharide (Fos) Galacto-oligisaccharide Insulin Xylo-oligosaccharide Soybean-oligosaccharide.
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What Foods Contain Prebiotics?
Raw dandelion greens Raw garlic Raw leek Raw onion Cooked onion Raw banana
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probiotics
Live microbial feed supplements that have beneficial effects on the host by improving its intestinal microbial balance.
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Use of prebiotics in aquaculture
Effect on growth Feed conversion Gut microbiota cell damage/morphology resistance against pathogenic bacteria Enhance Immunity
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Mechanism of action
Mechanisms by which prebiotics provide
health benefits Increases the amount of lactic acid
producing bacteria (lactobacilli and
bifidobacteria)• Increases the amount of Short Chain
Fatty Acids (SCFAs)- Butyrate,
Acetate, Lactate etc…• Activates carbohydrate
receptor immune cells
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Effect of Prebiotic
On Growth of fish On immune system
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Effect of prebiotics on growth parameters
A study was conducted by a scientist to find the effect of dietary Prebiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae),Acidifier,and prebiotic and acidifier on growth parameters.
Prebiotic and Acidifier mixed with commercial diets.
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The fish were evaluated at days 10, 20, 30 and 40 of being fed by the experimental diets.
To check growth rate, feed intake.
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Results
Show prebiotic and acidifier has highest feed intake.
Fish fed with prebiotic and prebiotic with acidifier displayed increased growth rate.
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Effects of prebiotics on immune system
Experiments exist state their effect as:
1. Selective change in bacterial composition.
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Effects of prebiotics on the gastrointestinal tract
microbial community
A significantly reduce bacterial load in the intestine. E.g. MOS
Dawson and Pirulescu 1999 stated: significantly lower Clostridium perfringens population in the gut.
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block type-I fimbriae and prevents pathogens from attaching to the
intestinal lining and passes them out of the gut.
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Experiment
2 month trial on tilapia, Dietary effect of Ascorbic acid on fish immunity.
Decreases the microbial diversity of gut ,shown through results.
control given normal diet. Treatment 1 given 3% AA diet. Treatment 2 given 5% AA diet.
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Results
CFU Control: 7.20×10 6/gm Treatment 1(3%AA): 1.46×10 6/gm Treatment 2(5%AA): 1.04×10 6/gm Show that fishes with treatment 2 has the
lowest microbial diversity.
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Demand of prebiotics in aquaculture
Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing industries in the world.
There is a need for enhanced disease resistance feed efficiency growth performance of cultured fish
species.
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The cost of production need to be reduce , better capital income
growth performance and feed efficiency increase survivility of the fishes increase. Dietary supplementation of different
feed additives e.g. immunostimulants
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Conclusion
Prebiotics have great potential as agents to improve or maintain a balanced intestinal microflora to enhance health and wellbeing
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References
Javid Mortazavi Tabrizi1 Abolfazl Barzeghar2 Saeed Farzampour3 Hamid Mirzaii4 Saeid Safarmashaei5
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