Download - Digital i cs
![Page 1: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
1960’s Integrated circuits (Ics) –invention IC -- multiple diodes, transistors, and other components fabricated on a single chip Logic family --- collection of different Integrated chips that have similar input, output, and internal circuit characteristics that perform different logic functionsChips from same logic family can be interconnected to perform logic functionChips from different logic families may not be compatible
Digital ICs
![Page 2: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Speed Power consumption cost
MOS --- 10 years before the BJT invention principles of MOS are patented
lagged BJT in speed but lower power consumption and higher level of integration
mid-1980s Complementary MOS Higher speedlow power consumption
![Page 3: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
![Page 4: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
Small to medium scale integration ------TTL was the choice
TTL was largely replaced by CMOS in 1990s
![Page 5: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Digital ICsBipolar Logic ---- Diodes and transistorsDiode logic (DL) ---- Diodes and resistors – to perform logic operations Transistor-transistor logic (TTL) --- transistors both to perform logic functions and to boost output drive capability.Emitter-Coupled logic ---transistors as current switches to achieve very high speedBiCMOS logic - bipolar and MOS transistors- input and logic circuits are CMOS for low power consumption, outputs use bipolar transistors to achieve higher driving capability
![Page 6: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
CMOS logic ------ logic circuit operates on 5 V power supply
![Page 7: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Various Series within CMOS family
![Page 8: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
TTL Logic
![Page 9: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Various Series within TTL family
![Page 10: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
DIODE Logic
![Page 11: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
![Page 12: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
Diode AND gate
![Page 13: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
![Page 14: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
![Page 15: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
![Page 16: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
Bipolar Junction Transistors
![Page 17: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
![Page 18: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Mode EBJ CBJ
Active Forward ReverseCutoff Reverse ReverseSaturation Forward Forward
![Page 19: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
![Page 20: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
![Page 21: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
![Page 22: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
![Page 23: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Storage time --- Propagation delay
![Page 24: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
The propagation delay of a signal path is the amount of time it takes for a change in the input signal to produce a change in the output signal.
![Page 25: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
![Page 26: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
Setup time is the minimum time interval for which the input signal must be stable prior to the sampling event of the clock for the input signal to be recognized correctly hold time is the minimum time interval for which the input signal must be stable following the sampling event of the clock for the input signal to be recognized correctly
![Page 27: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
![Page 28: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Transistor-transistor logic
Multiple-emitter transistor
![Page 29: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
DTL Gates
![Page 30: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
![Page 59: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
![Page 60: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
![Page 61: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
![Page 62: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
![Page 63: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
![Page 64: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
![Page 65: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
![Page 66: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
![Page 67: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
![Page 68: Digital i cs](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061302/54902178b47959072a8b4c6c/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)