-
© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
EPRI Power Delivery and Utilization Advisory Meeting
September 21, 2016
Distribution Planning (180A)
Jeff Smith, [email protected] Taylor, [email protected]
Roger Dugan, [email protected] Bello, [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]
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2© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Power System Studies Team – Modeling and SimulationWe’ve grown in the past year
Jeff [email protected]
Matt Rylander, [email protected]
Roger [email protected]
Huijuan Li, [email protected]
Alison O’Connell, [email protected]
Jouni Peppanen, [email protected]
Davis Montenegro-Martinez, [email protected]
Mobolaji [email protected]
Jason Taylor, [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]
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3© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Overview
Distribution Planning (180A) Overview2016 Project Deliverables
– Status updates– Key findingsOutlook into 2017 (P200)
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4© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
R&D/ALL
Planners
Asset Managers
Operations
All
PS180 A Planning
PS180 C Cable Systems Management
PS180 B Asset Inspection, Maintenance, Planning
PS180 D Reliability Management
PS180 E Risk Mitigation Strategies
PS180 G Technologies Evaluation & Assessment
PS180 I Distribution Systems Practices
PS180 J Technology Transfer
PS180 F Operations
PS180 H Technology Development
Distribution Systems Research Program (P180) 2016 Project Sets
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5© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution Systems Research Program (P180)2016 Projects
Project Set Project Description Audience
PS180A - Planning180.001 Tools, Methods, & Modeling for Dynamic Dx Systems
Planners180.002 Protecting the Modern Distribution Grid
PS180B - Asset Inspect, Maint & Planning180.003 Component Reliability
Asset Managers
180.004 Inspection, Diagnostics & Life Extension
PS180C - Cable Systems Management180.005 Methods for Cable Fleet Management
180.006 Advanced Cable Diagnostics
PS180D - Reliability Management180.007 OMS/DMS Data for Reliability/Resiliency
Operations
180.008 Reliability and Resiliency Practices
PS180E - Risk Mitigation Strategies
180.009 High-Impedance Fault Detection
180.010 Trends and Developments in Risk Management
180.011 Lockout-Tagout and Switching in UDS
PS180F - Operations
180.012 Distribution Management System Guides
180.013 Operational Studies and Research
180.014 Smart Distribution Applications for DER
PS180G – Tech Evaluation & Assessment180.015 Sensors
R&D/All180.016 Switching Devices
PS180H - Technology Development180.022 Innovative Distribution Sensors
180.023 Power Supplies
PS180I - Practices180.019 Underground Practices
All180.020 Overhead Practices
PS180J - Tech Transfer & Industry Coord 180.021 Tech Transfer and Industry Coordination
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6© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution Planning, Design, and AnalysisP180A Brief OverviewOverview: Modern tools for planning and design of
distribution systems New analysis and protection methods New analysis and modeling approaches Incorporation of DER and DMS/DA into the
planning process
Substation
feeder voltage heatmap
Specific Issues: Distributed energy
resources Distribution automation Protection
Target Audience: Distribution Planners Protection Engineers
feeder voltage profile
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7© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution Planners and Protection Engineers
2016 Projects1. DER modeling guide for grid impact
assessment
2. Incorporating DMS/DA into planning tools
3. Fault current contribution/TOV modeling for DER impact assessments
4. Distribution guidebook Grid Modernization
Safety
Reliability
Knowledge & Practices
Asset Management
Capacity and Efficiency
DistributionSystemFutureStateTools and Methods
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8© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Tools, Methods, & Modeling for Dynamic Distribution Systems (P180.001)• Deliverables
Technical Update Reports:
1. Incorporating DMS/DA into Planning Tools
2. Modeling and Analysis Methods for DER
3. Distribution Planning Guidebook
• Completion Date
December 2016
• Project Life
Report Report Report
2016 Project Tasks
CompletedIn ProcessUpcoming
Project Plans & Scope
DMS/DA Model Implementation and
Evaluation
Planning Guidebook
Webcast/Report(s)
DER Assessment Method Evaluation
2015 2016 2017
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9© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
• Deliverables
Technical Update Reports:
1. Modeling of PV Inverters for Protection Studies
• Completion Date
December 2016
• Project Life
Report Report Report
Protecting the Modern Distribution Grid(P180.002)
2016 Project Tasks
Completed
In Process
Project Plans & Scope
Lab Testing
Modeling
Tech update
Analysis
2015 2016 2017
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10© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution Planners and Protection Engineers
2016 Projects1. DER modeling guide for grid impact
assessment
2. Incorporating DMS/DA into planning tools
3. Fault current contribution/TOV modeling for DER impact assessments
4. Distribution guidebook Grid Modernization
Safety
Reliability
Knowledge & Practices
Asset Management
Capacity and Efficiency
DistributionSystemFutureStateTools and Methods
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11© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
DER Modeling Guide for Grid Impact Assessment
Issue Most DER connects to grid secondary Most distribution models not sufficient
for impact assessments Planning tools don’t consider combined
impact of multiple DER technologies
Objective Provide guidance regarding the
distribution modeling and analysis methods for DER
Part 1 of a 2 part Series– Grid Modeling (2015)– DER Modeling (2016)
ValueBetter understanding and quantification of DER integration and grid impacts
traditional loadEVsolar/windstorage
Medium voltagedistribution
Secondary voltage(480/120V)
Tran
smis
sion
Pow
er
time
Refining “how” we model distribution to better quantify time and locational
impacts of resources
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12© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
2016 Technical Deliverable Recommended approaches for modeling DER using today’s data and tools Best practices Examples and insights Application guidance Data needs
Looking ahead: recommended approaches for modeling DER using tomorrow’s data and tools
Leveraging methods/approaches developed and applied in other research
areas (PEV, PV, ES, etc.)
A Need for Change
The industry as a whole is devoting a great deal of effort integrating new customer technologies into the distribution system.
Little effort has focused on howto better model the distribution system in order to efficiently, effectively, and reliably integrate DER and other new technologies into the grid.
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13© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Recommended Approaches Using Today’s Tools
Using the right tool for job• Recommendations and guidance
• Requirements & best practices
• Application considerations
• Examples and takeaways
• Voltage• Capacity• Energy/Losses• Reliability• Protection
Study Objectives
• Instantaneous Load Flow• Quasi-static Time Series
(QSTS)• Electromagnetic Transient• Reliability• Fault Contribution• Secondary Design
Assessment Tools
• Renewable Energy Sources• Energy Storage• Distributed Generation• Demand Response
DER Characteristics
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14© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Instantaneous Load FlowApplications Bounding or screening Locational sensitivity
Data requirements Nameplate rating Coincidence Location
Considerations Can be conservative Controls may not be sufficiently
represented Does not include time-dependent
response
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15© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
PV Hosting Capacity Example
*Hosting Capacity
lower
higher
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16© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Quasi-Static Load FlowApplications Voltage regulation Thermal considerations Energy and losses Control setting/design
Data requirements Resource profiles Controls Location
Considerations Profile construction DER control Sequential steady-state results
1.025
1.03
1.035
1.04
1.045
04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20
volta
ge (p
u)
Hour
Daily Voltage Profile(Average Three Phase)
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 4 8 12 16 20
Tap
Ope
ratio
n Di
ffer
entia
l
Hour
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
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17© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
DER Profiles
Recommendations on: Time duration of study
– 24 Hour peak or off-peak day– 8760
Behavioral characteristics– Variability– Seasonality– Controls
Time increment Data requirements and
common issues
DER ModelTime Power
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18© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Behavioral Models
Guidance: Available models Application Data needs Limitations & gaps
DER ModelInputs Power
Fleet of Distributed Energy Storage Elements
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19© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Example: Smart Inverters
Solar Rooftop PV
With volt/var control
Baseline – No PV
20% PV20% PV withvolt/var control
Customer Load Customer PV
VARs
Gen
erat
ed Capacitive
Inductive
System Voltage
V1 V2 V3V4
Q1
Q4
Q3Q2
Volt-Var Control
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20© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Tomorrow’s Needs Model Improvements Data requirements and
collection Model advancements
– Regional specific models– New resource types – New controls
Validation
Probabilistic Models Adoption level Location Profiles Behavioral characteristics At all levels of the system
(primary and secondary)
P
µP
costant standard deviation σP
hours0 24
Wind generation
P
hours0 24
variablemean power output µP
andstandard deviation σP
Photovoltaic generationP
µP
σP = 0
hours0 24
Biomass generation
0 2412
: uncertainty band
LoadP
hours
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21© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution Planners and Protection Engineers
2016 Projects1. DER modeling guide for grid impact
assessment
2. Incorporating DMS/DA into planning tools
3. Fault current contribution/TOV modeling for DER impact assessments
4. Distribution guidebook Grid Modernization
Safety
Reliability
Knowledge & Practices
Asset Management
Capacity and Efficiency
DistributionSystemFutureStateTools and Methods
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22© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
DA/DMS Modeling for PlanningIssue:Lack of planning tools capable of evaluation and design of advanced distribution automation and controls
Objectives: Development and demonstration
advanced planning capabilities Drive vendor capabilities Development of standardized
controls User-written models
Enhance planning practices and guidance for DA/DMS
Primary Substation
Secondary Substation
Tie Breaker
CB
SSSS CB CB SS SS
CB: Circuit BreakerSS: Sectionalizing Switch
CB
Normally closed
Normally open
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
SCADA
DMS
IED: Intelligent Electronic DeviceDMS: Distribution Management SystemEMS: microgrid Energy Management SystemSCADA: Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
MV Intentional Island
DG
DG
DG
DESDES
DES
Communication link
EMS
LV Microgrid MicrogridCommunication link
Developing a Multi-functional Testbed for Holistic System and Control Design and Evaluation
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23© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Advanced System Planning Tool Development
Applied Assessments Volt-var Optimization
FLISR
Tool Enhancements
Developing visualization advancements
Investigation computational improvements
Integration &
Delivery
Implementation &
Testing
Analysis &
RequirementsPrototypePlatform
Use Case Evaluations
Analysis Tools Planning Practices
Simulation and Model
Development
System Control Interface (SCI) Platform
Demonstrate and guide development of industry tools for holistic system planning
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24© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Advancing Distribution Analytics through Visualization
Why graphical? Easier to comprehend
results and scenarios
Better understanding of system wide behaviors
Increased planning engineer efficiencies
Easier to assess advance functionalities
Easier to diversify the research/testing scenarios and their complexity
Better visualization techniques and tools to address increasing
levels of complexities and support new objectives
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25© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Computational Improvements
Extend interoperability capabilities
Implementing parallel processing capabilities in OpenDSS
R&D platform to evaluate appropriate modeling requirements
Advance, evaluate, and demonstrate techniques to
improve computational efficiency
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26© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution Planners and Protection Engineers
2016 Projects1. DER modeling guide for grid impact
assessment
2. Incorporating DMS/DA into planning tools
3. Fault current contribution/TOV modeling for DER impact assessments
4. Distribution guidebook Grid Modernization
Safety
Reliability
Knowledge & Practices
Asset Management
Capacity and Efficiency
DistributionSystemFutureStateTools and Methods
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27© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Protecting the Modern GridObjective Develop a simplified model that is
sufficient for determining for planning and protection designs with PV
Scope Test inverters and develop a
computer model suitable for planning in OpenDSS
Collaboration Testing, modeling, and validation
with Distributed Renewables (174) and Bulk Renewables (173)
Status: Completed in Q3, Tech. note for VCCS model available
Tom McDermott, Laura WiesermanImproved PV inverter modeling is needed to better assess protection settings during faults
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28© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Tested additional islanding scenarios, e.g. fault current contribution, islanding, open conductor, etc.
Tested additional inverter models to establish a representative sample
Developed inverter models with verified data.
New inverter libraries available in OpenDSS.
2016 Effort 2014 Tech update
2015 Technical Update
Incorporate test results into the model to predict system response.
Lab Testing
Develop OpenDSS Model
Finalize lab testing
2016 Technical Update
Incorporate Txmodeling efforts*
In collaboration with P173 (Bulk Renewables)
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29© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Inverter TestingModel Phases kW
Enphase M215 (18) 3 (208 V) 4.05
Eaton PV 250 3 (208 V) 5.0
Schneider Conext TX 2800 NA 1 (240 V) 2.8
Power One UNO-2.0.1-OUTD-S-US 1 (240 V) 2.0
Fronius IG2500-LV NEG 1 (208 V) 2.0
Solectria PVI-3000 1 (240 V) 3.0
SMA SB-3000TL-US-22 1 (240 V) 3.0
3-Phase Fronius Inverter from EPRI 3(208 V) ≤10KW
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30© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Testing and modeling results (Fault at Inverter terminals)
Eight inverters tested are clustered into categories of behavior
Fronius Three-Phase
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31© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Testing and modeling results (Fault on Transmission)Fault Ride-Through
Remaining energized
Inverters have different fault responses during voltage sags as well
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32© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Hammerstein-Wiener framework
Step Response of Linear Block
Piecewise Linear Function representing output nonlinearity
Piecewise Linear function representing
input nonlinearity
Piecewise Linear function representing
input nonlinearity
separates linear dynamics and non-linearities in the inverter model.
X Y X Y
Table for Piecewise Linear Expressions
Table for Piecewise Linear Expressions
W(t) x(t) y(t)u(t)
Z-1
transfer function expression
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33© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
• HW: models a SISO system by breaking it into in/output nonlinearity, via linear “Z-1”
• MATLAB Toolbox comes with HW functions, with limited scale.
• Used PV inv transient data (lab) to ID HW transient models, then feed to OpenDSS.
• 5/10 kHz filter freq = sampling rate of power quality monitor used to collect lab data.
• Transient testing, non-linear dynamic modeling approach
Hammerstein-Wiener model in Discrete Time Domain
o Inject a u(t) waveform, into the input nonlinearity, BP1.
o Running inside OpenDSS, u(t) is generated from the most recent
phasor voltage solution.
o Pre-event inverter power output is a fixed input parameter (not shown)
Filter order ranges from 4 up to the MATLAB limit of 52
o BP2 output, y(t), is a current waveform injected by the inverter
into the grid.
o I (RMS) calculated as shown, (assume pf=1), and inject that
current into OpenDSS as a voltage-controlled current source (VCCS).
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34© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
In OpenDSS Available as a new element (v7.6.5_18)
OpenDSS runs at a 1-ms step to 10-ms
for a phasor-dynamic solution.
Can also run in snapshot mode
In the plotted currents,
– RED trace* = what OpenDSS will inject into the
feeder (current envelope).
– BLACK trace = internal HW current waveform.
– BLUE trace = a peak detector for output only.
*Unstable current waveform due to bad data
Build 7.6.5_18
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35© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Outcomes……
.
Value:
• Improved modeling of PVinverters during faultconditions allows utilities tobetter quantify impacts toexisting protection
• Improved identification ofchanges to protection settingscan be made
• Software vendors can nowadopt these models for theirplatforms (CYME, Synergi,etc)
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36© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution Planners and Protection Engineers
2016 Projects1. DER modeling guide for grid impact
assessment
2. Incorporating DMS/DA into planning tools
3. Fault current contribution/TOV modeling for DER impact assessments
4. Distribution guidebook Grid Modernization
Safety
Reliability
Knowledge & Practices
Asset Management
Capacity and Efficiency
DistributionSystemFutureStateTools and Methods
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37© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Planning Book Chapters for 2015
1. Planning with Harmonics w/ P1
2. Distribution Planning with DG w/ P174
3. Modeling of energy storage(Integrated grid/microgrids)
4. Optimal Recloser siting
Publication #: 3002006114
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38© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Planning Book Chapters for 2016
1. Distribution System Analysis Basics2. Distribution Power Flow Methods3. Models of Circuit Elements (Lines,
Transformers, Loads, etc)4. Dynamics Simulation for Distribution
… Here are some excerpts to give you an idea of the material covered ….
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39© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution System Analysis Basics
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40© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Typical North American Distribution System
Typical 4-wire multi-grounded neutral system
Unigrounded/Delta 3-wire also common on West Coast
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41© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Typical European Style System
– 3-wire unigrounded primary
Three-phase throughout,including secondary (LV)
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42© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Urban Low-Voltage Network Systems
138 kV Transmission Supply
26.4 kV Distribution
LOAD
LOW-VOLTAGE GRID NETWORK(MESHED)
FEEDERS
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43© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Why are most distribution systems radial?
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44© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Interconnecting DG 44
Utility Fault-Clearing Practices•This explains why most systems are radial Important to understand this for DER
application on the “Integrated Grid”– Lower-cost protection for the inevitable short
circuit
This is where many of the operating conflicts arise !!
DER response during faults can– Affect utility practices, fault clearing– Be damaged by fault clearing practices
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45© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
45
The Fuse Characteristic Dictates Utility Fault Protection Practices On Distribution
Time
5 50 500 5000 50000
CURRENT
0.010
0.10
1
10
100
1000
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46© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
What Drives the Planning Decision?
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47© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
On Losses … It is very popular among researchers to develop
“optimization” methods that minimize losses Certainly the losses increase by the square of the
current, so they can rise considerably at peak load. But is this enough to justify new investment?
– Generally not.
What drives the desire for new investment is the need to serve the load (or DER). – i.e., the reliability of the system. Shunt capacitors at $10-30/kvar can be justified
– For most other things it is more economic to do nothing!
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48© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Unserved Energy (UE) & EEN For Cost-Minimization Planning Method
Normal
Emergency or MaximumUE
EEN
EEN = Energy Exceeding Normal
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49© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
49
EEN Characteristic for Sharp Summer Peak Overload Problem
The shape of the Peak clearly indicates the Extent
of the problem.
This visual suggests the possible solutions.
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50© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Power Flow Calculations
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51© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Power Flow Methods …Most power flow methods were developed for power
flow calculations for Transmission (HV) systems.– Generally for positive-sequence models only– Adequate for capacity planning of 3-phase systems
DG and other issues demand more detailed model Formulation influenced heavily by P-V generation bus
– Not needed in most distribution analysis
They are not necessarily the best methods to use for Distribution (MV and LV) systems– Other numerical methods that are more appropriate, – Better ways to write the equations describing the system.
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52© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Unbalanced Distribution System
This takes more than a positive-sequence model !!
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53© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Radial Circuit Power Flow Calculations
SubstationTransformer
Swing Bus
|V|,θ
Load BusP + jQ
Load BusConstant Z
Load BusP, Constant X
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54© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Forward-Backward Sweep Process …
FORWARDSWEEP
BACKWARDSWEEP
Z
COMPUTEVOLTAGE
DROPS
ACCUMULATECURRENTS
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55© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Per Units or Actual values?
The Per-Unit system was developed to avoid explicit modeling of transformer winding ratios and different voltage levels to simplify hand calculations …
Per unit system not necessarily needed– The EPRI OpenDSS program doesn’t use it– To computers, numbers are numbers Modern solvers can do their own normalization
Some distribution problems can’t easily be solved in per unit system – easier in actual ohms
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56© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Example: Residential Service Transformer
Load A
Load B7.2kV
120V
120V
Load A ≠ Load B
+
+-
-
What’s the voltage base for the LV side that would allow removing the explicit transformer?
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57© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
The OpenDSS Network Model
Injection (Compensation) Currents from Loads, Generators, etc.(Power Conversion Elements)
VSOURCE
(Norton Equiv.)
Linear Part of Loads Included in YSYSTEM
YSYSTEM
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58© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
OpenDSS Solution Method – More General than FB Sweep
Yprim 1 Yprim 2 Yprim 3 Yprim n
Y=IinjI2
Im
I1
ALL Elements
PC ElementsComp. Currents
V NodeVoltages
Iteration Loop
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59© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Annual Losses – I2R compared to No-Load
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000
Annual losses
"Load Losses kWh" "No Load Losses kWh"
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60© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Modeling Transformers
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61© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
A Dynamics Example (Black start of a Microgrid)
Model may require more than 30 parameters.
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62© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
OpenDSS PVSystem Model
Panel kW = Pmpp (in kW @1kW/m2 and 25 C) * Irradiance (in kW/m2) * P-TFactor (@actual T)
Output kW= Panel kW * Inverter Efficiency Factor
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63© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
OpenDSS - A P180 Success StoryDownloads Continue to Accelerate
Estimate: ~ 2000 active users World-Wide at any time
More and more profs assigning projects each year
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64© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
InnovationsDG Modeling
Time-Series Power Flow
Multi-phase Modeling
Smart Grid Modeling
Transformer Model
Inverter Modeling for Planning
Storage Model for Planning
Optimal Recloser Siting
Stray Voltage/Current Analysis
EMI Harmonics Propagation
Free tool for Graduate Students
Fast Yearly Simulation
Co-simulation of Power and Comm.
Hosting Capacity Development
OpenDSSEPRI Utility Members180, 174, 1, 161, 94
Research Funding,
Workshops
Research Results, Direct
Usage
UniversitiesStudents
Workshops Tech PublicationsEPRI, IEEE, Cigre,
CIRED, Trade Journals
Research Results, Joint Utility-University
ProjectsBetter-Trained
WorkforceIndustry Studies
$, Model Development
Academic Usage
DOE, Nat’l Labs
$, New Methods
Lab Usage
DSA Software Suppliers
Tech Transfer,Methods and
Models
Improved Tools
And Services
Usage by Consultants
Research Results,
New Technologies
Improved Customer Relations
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65© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution Planning and Operations -2017
Brief Intro to New Program 200
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66© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution Systems (P180)
PS180A - Planning
PS180B - Asset Inspection, Maint, and Planning
PS180C - Cable Systems Management
PS180D - Reliability Management
PS180E - Risk Mitigation Strategies
PS180F - Operations
PS180G - Technologies Eval. & Assessment
PS180H - Technology Development
PS180I - Distribution Systems Practices
PS180J - Tech Transfer & Industry Coordination
2016Distribution Operations & Planning (P200)
PS200A – Planning
PS200B – Operations
PS200C - Tech Transfer & Industry Coordination
2017 New Program
Integration of DER (P174)
PS174A - Modeling & Simulation
PS174B - Grid Support Functions & Connectivity
PS174D - Utility Economics & Practices
PS174E - Tech Transfer & Industry Coordination
Distribution Systems (P180)
PS180B - Asset Inspection, Maint, and Planning
PS180D - Reliability and Resiliency Management
PS180E - Risk Mitigation Strategies
PS180G - Technologies Assessment & Develop.
PS180I - Distribution Systems Practices
PS180J - Tech Transfer & Industry Coordination
Integration of DER (P174)
PS174A - Advanced Modeling & Simulation
PS174B - Enabling/Assessing Grid Supportive DER
PS174D - Utility Economics & Practices
PS174E - Tech Transfer & Industry Coordination
Distribution Area – Program Structure for 2017
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67© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
P200: An Interface Hub for Distribution Systems, Technology, and Architecture
Distribution Planning
and Operations
(P200)
Transmission Operations
and Planning
Distribution Infrastructure
ICT, Cyber Security
Energy Utilization
DER Integration
Architecture and Commsintegration
Grid Integration & Economics
Storage, efficiency, demand response, and
power quality
T&D Integrated O&P
Reliability, Resiliency, Practices, Safety, Risk
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68© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Planning• Load/DER forecasting• Load modeling and allocation methods• Eval voltage thresholds for planning and ops
Protection• Best practices for improving resiliency• Existing and future solutions for anti-islanding• Adaptive protection
Operations• Operational Studies• Guidebook for DMS Applications• Incorporating DER into control algorithms
Tech Transfer• Distribution Operations Interest Group• Planning Immersions• Planning Guidebook
Distribution Planning and Operations (P200)A few of the proposed projects for 2017
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69© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Logistics
Officially launching January 2017 “Starter” meeting held today
– Time: Wednesday, 1-3PM– Location: Diplomat 1+2– Who: Open to all
Distribution Planning (180A)Power System Studies Team – Modeling and Simulation�We’ve grown in the past yearOverviewSlide Number 4Distribution Systems Research Program (P180)� 2016 Projects�Distribution Planning, Design, and Analysis�P180A Brief Overview2016 ProjectsTools, Methods, & Modeling for Dynamic Distribution Systems (P180.001)Protecting the Modern Distribution Grid�(P180.002)2016 ProjectsDER Modeling Guide for Grid Impact Assessment2016 Technical Deliverable Recommended Approaches Using Today’s ToolsInstantaneous Load FlowPV Hosting Capacity ExampleQuasi-Static Load FlowDER ProfilesBehavioral ModelsExample: Smart InvertersTomorrow’s Needs 2016 ProjectsDA/DMS Modeling for PlanningAdvanced System Planning Tool DevelopmentAdvancing Distribution Analytics through VisualizationComputational Improvements2016 ProjectsProtecting the Modern Grid2016 EffortInverter TestingTesting and modeling results (Fault at Inverter terminals) Testing and modeling results (Fault on Transmission)�Fault Ride-ThroughThe Hammerstein-Wiener frameworkHammerstein-Wiener model in Discrete Time DomainIn OpenDSSOutcomes……2016 ProjectsPlanning Book Chapters for 2015Planning Book Chapters for 2016Distribution System Analysis BasicsTypical North American Distribution SystemTypical European Style SystemUrban �Low-Voltage Network SystemsWhy are most distribution systems radial?Utility Fault-Clearing PracticesThe Fuse Characteristic Dictates Utility Fault Protection Practices On Distribution�What Drives the Planning Decision?On Losses …Unserved Energy (UE) & EEN For Cost-Minimization Planning MethodEEN Characteristic for Sharp Summer Peak Overload ProblemPower Flow CalculationsPower Flow Methods …The Unbalanced Distribution SystemRadial Circuit Power Flow CalculationsForward-Backward Sweep Process …Per Units or Actual values?Example: Residential Service TransformerThe OpenDSS Network ModelOpenDSS Solution Method – More General than FB SweepAnnual Losses – I2R compared to No-LoadModeling TransformersA Dynamics Example �(Black start of a Microgrid)OpenDSS PVSystem ModelOpenDSS - A P180 Success StorySlide Number 64Distribution Planning and Operations - 2017Distribution Area – Program Structure for 2017P200: An Interface Hub for Distribution Systems, Technology, and Architecture Distribution Planning and Operations (P200)�Logistics