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DO THIS NOW:
Please prepare answers to these
questions:
1. Describe it:
2. To whom do you think this
poster is addressed?
3. What is the persuasive point of
this poster?
4. To what emotions do you think
the artist is trying to appeal?
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The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
Chapter 9, Section 2
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The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
Big Idea:
By 1939, many European countries had adopted
dictatorial regimes that aimed to control every aspect of
their citizens’ lives for state goals.
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The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
Dictator: a ruler with unrestricted power.
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The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
Joseph Stalin
Russia Adolph Hitler
Germany
Benito Mussolini
Italy
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The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
Totalitarian state: a government that aims to control the
political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of
its citizens.
Government
CHURCH
FAMILY
ECONOMY
SCHOOL
MEDIA
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The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
Benito Mussolini: “IL Duce (the leader),” established the
first European Fascist movement in Italy in 1919.
Fascism:
a political philosophy that places the needs of the country
above the individual citizen.
Intense nationalism
Racism
In Italy they called
themselves “Blackshirts”
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The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
The Fascist State:
used a secret police force to enforce government policies.
Controlled newspapers, radio, and film.
Created youth organizations.
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The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
A New Era in the Soviet Union:
Lenin’s New Economic Policy (NEP): started in 1921, this was
meant to save Russia from complete economic disaster.
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The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
Joseph Stalin:
After the death of Lenin in 1924, Stalin battled for control of
the Communist party against Leo Trotsky.
By 1929, Stalin was able to eliminate his political rivals and
establish a dictatorship.
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Random Historical Fact:
After his death, Lenin’s body was embalmed and put on display.
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Random Historical Fact: Lenin’s mausoleum is open Monday-Friday, 10am-1pm,
Free admission!
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The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
Five Year Plan:
Stalin’s economic plan to transform Russia into an
industrialized country.
Collectivization:
A system in which private
farms were eliminated and
the government took
ownership of all the land.
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Totalitarian States: Use of terror:
In Stalin’s USSR, he used the Great Purge. This “removed” all
opponents of the new regime. They were killed or sent to
forced labor camps called “gulags” in Siberia.
Terror Famine:
Nearly 7 million died when Stalin issued a man-made famine for
peasants in Ukraine that resisted collectivization.