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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Doctrine 2Enterprise Persistence
Layer for PHP
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
What is different in Doctrine 2?
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
100% re-written code
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Requires PHP 5.3
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
New concepts
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
New workflow
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Fully Namespaced• Doctrine makes use of PHP 5.3 namespaces.
Currently we have the following namespaces:
–Doctrine\Common–Doctrine\DBAL–Doctrine\ORM
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Common• Standalone package containing all common
code shared between DBAL and ORM
–Cache drivers–Annotations Parser–Command Line Interface–Class Loaders– Lexer Parser– ...and other various utilities
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
DBAL• Database Abstraction Layer built on top of
PDO.
–Multiple DBMS supported• MySQL• Sqlite• Pgsql• etc.
–Database Introspection–DDL Statment API
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
ORM• Object Relational Mapper built on top of
Common and DBAL
– Inheritance–Doctrine Query Language–XML, YAML or Annotations Metadata–Query Cache–Result Cache– ...much more
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Complete separation of your domain model and persistence
layer
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
We learned lots building Doctrine 1 and we used that to help us
build Doctrine 2
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Some performance comparisonsbetween Doctrine 1 and 2
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Performance of Doctrine 1
To hydrate 5000 records in Doctrine 1 it takes roughly 4.3 seconds.
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Performance of Doctrine 2
Under Doctrine 2, hydrating those same 5000 records only
takes 1.4 seconds.
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Performance of Doctrine 2
...and with 10000 records it still only takes about 3.5 seconds.
Twice the data and still faster than Doctrine 1
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Why is it faster?• PHP 5.3 gives us a huge performance
improvement when using a heavily OO framework like Doctrine
• Better optimized hydration algorithm
• Killed the magical aspect of Doctrine 1
• All around more explicit and less magical code results in better and faster code.
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Why kill the magic?• Eliminate the WTF factor of Doctrine 1
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
The Doctrine 1 magical features are both a
blessing and a curse
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Blessing and a Curse• Magic is great when it works• The magic you love is also the cause of all
the pain you’ve felt with Doctrine 1• When it doesn’t work it is hard to debug• Edge cases are hard to fix• Edge cases are hard to work around• Edge cases, edge cases, edge cases• Everything is okay until you try and go
outside the box the magic provides• ...magic is slow
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
How will we replace the magic?This new thing called OOP :)
• Object Composition• Inheritance• Aggregation• Containment• Encapsulation• ...etc
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Will Doctrine 2 have behaviors?
Yes and No
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
The No• We won’t have any concept of “model
behaviors”
• Behaviors were a made up concept for Doctrine 1 to work with its extremely intrusive architecture.
• It tries to do things that PHP does not allow and is the result of lots of problems in Doctrine 1
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
The Yes• Everything you can do in Doctrine 1 you can
do in Doctrine 2, just in a different way.
• “Behavior” like functionality will be bundled as extensions for Doctrine 2 and will just contain normal OO PHP code that wraps/extends Doctrine code or is meant to be wrapped or extended by your entities.
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
What did we use to build Doctrine 2?
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Doctrine 2 Tool Belt• phpUnit 3.4.10 - Unit Testing• Phing - Packaging and Distribution• Symfony YAML Component• Sismo - Continuous Integration• Subversion - Source Control• Jira - Issue Tracking and Management• Trac - Subversion Timeline, Source Code
Browser, Changeset Viewer
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Doctrine 2 Architecture• Entities• Lightweight persistent domain object• Regular PHP class• Does not extend any base Doctrine class• Cannot be final or contain final methods• Any two entities in a hierarchy of classes must not have a
mapped property with the same name• Supports inheritance, polymorphic associations and
polymorphic queries.• Both abstract and concrete classes can be entities• Entities may extend non-entity classes as well as entity
classes, and non-entity classes may extend entity classes
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Doctrine 2 Architecture• Your entities in Doctrine 2 don’t require
that you extend a base class like in Doctrine 1! No more imposing on your domain model!
namespace Entities;
class User{ private $id; private $name; private $address;}
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Doctrine 2 Architecture• The EntityManager• Central access point to the ORM functionality provided by
Doctrine 2. API is used to manage the persistence of your objects and to query for persistent objects.
• Employes transactional write behind strategy that delays the execution of SQL statements in order to execute them in the most efficient way
• Execute at end of transaction so that all write locks are quickly releases
• Internally an EntityManager uses a UnitOfWork to keep track of your objects
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Unit Testing• Tests are ran against multiple DBMS types.
This is something that was not possible with the Doctrine 1 test suite.
• ...Sqlite• ...MySQL• ...Oracle• ...PgSQL• ...more to come
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Unit Testing• 859 Test Cases• 2152 Assertions• Tests run in a few seconds compared to
30-40 seconds for Doctrine 1• Much more granular and explicit unit tests• Easier to debug failed tests• Continuously integrated by Sismo :)
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Database Abstraction Layer• Separate standalone package and
namespace (Doctrine\DBAL).
• Can be used standalone.
• Much improved over Doctrine 1 in regards to the API for database introspection and schema management.
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Database Abstraction Layer• Hopefully Doctrine 2 DBAL can be the
defacto standard DBAL for PHP 5.3 in the future like MDB and MDB2 were in PEAR
• Maybe we can make this happen for PEAR2?
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
DBAL Data API• prepare($sql) - Prepare a given sql statement and return the \Doctrine\DBAL
\Driver\Statement instance.• executeUpdate($sql, array $params) - Executes a prepared statement with the
given sql and parameters and returns the affected rows count.• execute($sql, array $params) - Creates a prepared statement for the given sql and
passes the parameters to the execute method, then returning the statement.• fetchAll($sql, array $params) - Execute the query and fetch all results into an array.• fetchArray($sql, array $params) - Numeric index retrieval of first result row of the
given query.• fetchBoth($sql, array $params) - Both numeric and assoc column name retrieval of
the first result row.• fetchColumn($sql, array $params, $colnum) - Retrieve only the given column of
the first result row.• fetchRow($sql, array $params) - Retrieve assoc row of the first result row.• select($sql, $limit, $offset) - Modify the given query with a limit clause.• delete($tableName, array $identifier) - Delete all rows of a table matching the
given identifier, where keys are column names.• insert($tableName, array $data) - Insert a row into the given table name using the
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
DBAL Introspection API• listDatabases()• listFunctions()• listSequences()• listTableColumns($tableName)• listTableConstraints($tableName)• listTableDetails($tableName)• listTableForeignKeys($tableName)• listTableIndexes($tableName)• listTables()
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$platform = $em->getConnection()->getDatabasePlatform();
$schema = new \Doctrine\DBAL\Schema\Schema();$myTable = $schema->createTable("my_table");$myTable->addColumn("id", "integer", array("unsigned" => true));$myTable->addColumn("username", "string", array("length" => 32));$myTable->setPrimaryKey(array("id"));
// get queries to create this schema.$queries = $schema->toSql($platform);
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
DBAL Schema Representation
Array( [0] => CREATE TABLE my_table (id INTEGER NOT NULL, username VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY("id")))
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Array( [0] => DROP TABLE my_table)
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
// ......
// get queries to safely delete this schema.$dropSchema = $schema->toDropSql($platform);
DBAL Schema Representation
Does the reverse of what toSql() does, dropping the created tables
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Comparing Schemas• Lets take our original my_table schema as
our “from schema”...
$fromSchema = new \Doctrine\DBAL\Schema\Schema();$myTable = $fromSchema->createTable("my_table");$myTable->addColumn("id", "integer", array("unsigned" => true));$myTable->addColumn("username", "string", array("length" => 32));$myTable->setPrimaryKey(array("id"));
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Compare DBAL Schemas• Then later you want to add a new column to
the schema and easily deploy the change.
• Lets add an email column to the table:
$toSchema = new \Doctrine\DBAL\Schema\Schema();$myTable = $toSchema->createTable("my_table");$myTable->addColumn("id", "integer", array("unsigned" => true));$myTable->addColumn("username", "string", array("length" => 32));$myTable->addColumn("email", "string", array("length" => 255));$myTable->setPrimaryKey(array("id"));
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Compare DBAL Schemas• You can easily compare one schema to
another to deploy the changes!$comparator = new \Doctrine\DBAL\Schema\Comparator();$schemaDiff = $comparator->compare($fromSchema, $toSchema);
// queries to get from one to another schema.$queries = $schemaDiff->toSql($platform);
print_r($queries);
Array( [0] => ALTER TABLE my_table ADD email VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL)
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<?php
namespace Entities;
/** * @Entity @Table(name="users") */class User{ /** @Id @Column(type="integer") @GeneratedValue */ private $id;
/** @Column(length=50) */ private $name;
/** @OneToOne(targetEntity="Address") */ private $address;}
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Annotations
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Things to Notice• Entities no longer require you to extend a
base class
• Your domain model has absolutely no magic
• Not imposed on by Doctrine and is defined by raw PHP objects and normal OO programming
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Entities\Address: type: entity table: addresses id: id: type: integer generator: strategy: AUTO fields: street: type: string length: 255 oneToOne: user: targetEntity: User mappedBy: address
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
YAML
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><doctrine-mapping xmlns="http://doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping http://doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping.xsd">
<entity name="Entities\User" table="users"> <id name="id" type="integer"> <generator strategy="AUTO"/> </id> <field name="name" type="string" length="50"/> <one-to-one field="address" target-entity="Address"> <join-column name="address_id" referenced-column-name="id"/> </one-to-one> </entity>
</doctrine-mapping>
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
XML
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Setup• PHP “use” all necessary namespaces and
classes
use Doctrine\Common\ClassLoader, Doctrine\ORM\Configuration, Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager, Doctrine\Common\Cache\ApcCache, Entities\User, Entities\Address;
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Setup• Require the Doctrine ClassLoader
require '/path/to/doctrine/lib/Doctrine/Common/ClassLoader.php';
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Setup• Setup autoloading for Doctrine classes• ...core classes• ...entity classes• ...proxy classes
$doctrineClassLoader = new ClassLoader('Doctrine', '/path/to/doctrine');$doctrineClassLoader->register();
$entitiesClassLoader = new ClassLoader('Entities', '/path/to/entities');$entitiesClassLoader->register();
$proxiesClassLoader = new ClassLoader('Proxies', '/path/to/proxies');$proxiesClassLoader->register();
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Setup• Configure your Doctrine implementation
// Set up caches$config = new Configuration;$cache = new ApcCache;$config->setMetadataCacheImpl($cache);$config->setQueryCacheImpl($cache);
// Proxy configuration$config->setProxyDir('/path/to/proxies/Proxies');$config->setProxyNamespace('Proxies');
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Setup• Create your database connection and entity
manager
// Database connection information$connectionOptions = array( 'driver' => 'pdo_sqlite', 'path' => 'database.sqlite');
// Create EntityManager$em = EntityManager::create($connectionOptions, $config);
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Setup• In production you would lazily load the
EntityManager• Example:
• In the real world I wouldn’t recommend that you use the above example
• Symfony DI would take care of this for us
$em = function(){ static $em; if (!$em) { $em = EntityManager::create($connectionOptions, $config); } return $em;}
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
use Doctrine\Common\ClassLoader, Doctrine\ORM\Configuration, Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager, Doctrine\Common\Cache\ApcCache, Entities\User, Entities\Address;
require '/path/to/doctrine/lib/Doctrine/Common/ClassLoader.php';
$doctrineClassLoader = new ClassLoader('Doctrine', '/path/to/doctrine');$doctrineClassLoader->register();
$entitiesClassLoader = new ClassLoader('Entities', '/path/to/entities');$entitiesClassLoader->register();
$proxiesClassLoader = new ClassLoader('Proxies', '/path/to/proxies');$proxiesClassLoader->register();
// Set up caches$config = new Configuration;$cache = new ApcCache;$config->setMetadataCacheImpl($cache);$config->setQueryCacheImpl($cache);
// Proxy configuration$config->setProxyDir('/path/to/proxies/Proxies');$config->setProxyNamespace('Proxies');
// Database connection information$connectionOptions = array( 'driver' => 'pdo_sqlite', 'path' => 'database.sqlite');
// Create EntityManager$em = EntityManager::create($connectionOptions, $config);
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Setup• Now you can start using your models and
persisting entities
$user = new User;$user->setName('Jonathan H. Wage');
$em->persist($user);$em->flush();
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Insert Performance• Inserting 20 records with Doctrine
for ($i = 0; $i < 20; ++$i) { $user = new User; $user->name = 'Jonathan H. Wage'; $em->persist($user);}
$s = microtime(true);$em->flush();$e = microtime(true);echo $e - $s;
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Insert Performance• Compare it to some raw PHP code
$s = microtime(true);for ($i = 0; $i < 20; ++$i) { mysql_query("INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES ('Jonathan H. Wage')", $link);}$e = microtime(true);echo $e - $s;
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Insert Performance• The results might be surprising to you.
Which do you think is faster?
![Page 56: Doctrine 2 - Enterprise Persistence Layer For PHP](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062300/5552de6ab4c90532498b4d68/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Insert Performance
Doctrine 2 0.0094 seconds
mysql_query 0.0165 seconds
![Page 57: Doctrine 2 - Enterprise Persistence Layer For PHP](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062300/5552de6ab4c90532498b4d68/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Insert Performance• Doctrine 2 is faster than some raw PHP
code? What?!?!?! HUH?
• It does a lot less, provides no features, no abstraction, etc.
• Why? The answer is transactions! Doctrine 2 manages our transactions for us and efficiently executes all inserts in a single. The raw PHP code executes 1 transaction for each insert.
![Page 58: Doctrine 2 - Enterprise Persistence Layer For PHP](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062300/5552de6ab4c90532498b4d68/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Insert Performance• Doctrine 2 is not faster than some raw PHP
code
• The example demonstrates that simple developer oversights and can cause significant performance problems
![Page 59: Doctrine 2 - Enterprise Persistence Layer For PHP](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062300/5552de6ab4c90532498b4d68/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Insert Performance• Here is the same raw PHP code re-visited
with proper transaction usage.
$s = microtime(true);mysql_query('START TRANSACTION', $link);for ($i = 0; $i < 20; ++$i) { mysql_query("INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES ('Jonathan H. Wage')", $link);}mysql_query('COMMIT', $link);$e = microtime(true);echo $e - $s;
![Page 60: Doctrine 2 - Enterprise Persistence Layer For PHP](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062300/5552de6ab4c90532498b4d68/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Insert Performance• This time around it only takes 0.0028
seconds compared to the previous 0.0165 seconds. That’s a pretty huge improvement!
• You can read more about this on the Doctrine Blog
http://www.doctrine-project.org/blog/transactions-and-performance
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Doctrine Query Language• DQL parser completely re-written from
scratch
• ...DQL is parsed by a top down recursive descent parser that constructs an AST (abstract syntax tree).
• ...The AST is used to generate the SQL to execute for your DBMS
http://www.doctrine-project.org/documentation/manual/2_0/en/dql-doctrine-query-language
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Doctrine Query Language• Here is an example DQL query
$q = $em->createQuery('select u from MyProject\Entities\User u');$users = $q->execute();
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Doctrine Query Language• Here is that same DQL query using the
QueryBuilder API
$qb = $em->createQueryBuilder() ->select('u') ->from('MyProject\Entities\User', 'u');
$q = $qb->getQuery();$users = $q->execute();
http://www.doctrine-project.org/documentation/manual/2_0/en/query-builder
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Doctrine Query Builder• QueryBuilder API is the same as
Doctrine_Query API in Doctrine 1• Query building and query execution are
separated• True builder pattern used• QueryBuilder is used to build instances of
Query• You don’t execute a QueryBuilder, you get
the built Query instance from the QueryBuilder and execute it
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Cache Drivers• Public interface of all cache drivers
• fetch($id) - Fetches an entry from the cache.
• contains($id) - Test if an entry exists in the cache.
• save($id, $data, $lifeTime = false) - Puts data into the cache.
• delete($id) - Deletes a cache entry.
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Cache Drivers• Wrap existing Symfony, ZF, etc. cache driver
instances with the Doctrine interface
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Cache Drivers• deleteByRegex($regex) - Deletes cache
entries where the key matches a regular expression
• deleteByPrefix($prefix) - Deletes cache entries where the key matches a prefix.
• deleteBySuffix($suffix) - Deletes cache entries where the key matches a suffix.
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Cache Drivers• Each driver extends the AbstractCache class
which defines a few abstract protected methods that each of the drivers must implement to do the actual work
• _doFetch($id)• _doContains($id)• _doSave($id, $data, $lifeTime = false)• _doDelete($id)
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
APC Cache Driver• To use the APC cache driver you must have
it compiled and enabled in your php.ini
$cacheDriver = new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\ApcCache();$cacheDriver->save('cache_id', 'my_data');
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Memcache Cache Driver• To use the memcache cache driver you
must have it compiled and enabled in your php.ini
$memcache = new Memcache();$memcache->connect('memcache_host', 11211);
$cacheDriver = new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\MemcacheCache();$cacheDriver->setMemcache($memcache);$cacheDriver->save('cache_id', 'my_data');
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Xcache Cache Driver• To use the xcache cache driver you must
have it compiled and enabled in your php.ini
$cacheDriver = new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\XcacheCache();$cacheDriver->save('cache_id', 'my_data');
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Result Cache• First you need to configure the result cache
• Then you can configure each query to use the result cache or not.
• Executing this query the first time would populate a cache entry in $cacheDriver named my_query_name
$cacheDriver = new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\ApcCache();$config->setResultCacheImpl($cacheDriver);
$query = $em->createQuery('select u from \Entities\User u');$query->useResultCache(true, 3600, 'my_query_name');
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Result Cache• Now you can clear the cache for that query
by using the delete() method of the cache driver
$cacheDriver->delete('my_query_name');
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Command Line Interface• Re-written command line interface to help
developing with Doctrine
![Page 75: Doctrine 2 - Enterprise Persistence Layer For PHP](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062300/5552de6ab4c90532498b4d68/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
dbal:run-sql• Execute a manually written SQL statement• Execute multiple SQL statements from a file
![Page 76: Doctrine 2 - Enterprise Persistence Layer For PHP](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062300/5552de6ab4c90532498b4d68/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
orm:clear-cache• Clear all query, result and metadata cache• Clear only query cache• Clear only result cache• Clear only metadata cache• Clear a single queries result cache• Clear keys that match regular expression• Clear keys that match a prefix• Clear keys that match a suffix
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
orm:convert-mapping• Convert metadata information between
formats• Convert metadata information from an
existing database to any supported format (yml, xml, annotations, etc.)
• Convert mapping information from xml to yml or vice versa
• Generate PHP classes from mapping information with mutators and accessors
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
orm:ensure-production-settings• Verify that Doctrine is properly configured
for a production environment.
• Throws an exception when environment does not meet the production requirements
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
orm:generate-proxies• Generate the proxy classes for entity
classes.
• A proxy object is an object that is put in place or used instead of the "real" object. A proxy object can add behavior to the object being proxied without that object being aware of it. In Doctrine 2, proxy objects are used to realize several features but mainly for transparent lazy-loading.
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
orm:run-dql• Execute a DQL query from the command
line
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
orm:schema-tool• Drop, create and update your database
schema.
• --create option creates the initial tables for your schema
• --drop option drops the the tables for your schema
• --update option compares your local schema information to the database and updates it accordingly
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Inheritance• Doctrine 2 fully supports inheritance. We
allow the following types of inheritance:
• ...Mapped Superclasses• ...Single Table Inheritance• ...Class Table Inheritance
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/** @MappedSuperclass */class MappedSuperclassBase{ /** @Column(type="integer") */ private $mapped1; /** @Column(type="string") */ private $mapped2; /** * @OneToOne(targetEntity="MappedSuperclassRelated1") * @JoinColumn(name="related1_id", referencedColumnName="id") */ private $mappedRelated1;
// ... more fields and methods}
/** @Entity */class EntitySubClass extends MappedSuperclassBase{ /** @Id @Column(type="integer") */ private $id; /** @Column(type="string") */ private $name;
// ... more fields and methods}
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Mapped Superclasses
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CREATE TABLE EntitySubClass (mapped1 INTEGER NOT NULL, mapped2 TEXT NOT NULL, id INTEGER NOT NULL, name TEXT NOT NULL, related1_id INTEGER DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(id))
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Mapped Superclasses
http://www.doctrine-project.org/documentation/manual/2_0/en/inheritance-mapping#mapped-superclasses
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/** * @Entity * @InheritanceType("SINGLE_TABLE") * @DiscriminatorColumn(name="discr", type="string") * @DiscriminatorMap({"person" = "Person", "employee" = "Employee"}) */class Person{ // ...}
/** * @Entity */class Employee extends Person{ // ...}
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Single Table Inheritance
![Page 86: Doctrine 2 - Enterprise Persistence Layer For PHP](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062300/5552de6ab4c90532498b4d68/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Single Table Inheritance• All entities share one table.
• To distinguish which row represents which type in the hierarchy a so-called discriminator column is used.
http://www.doctrine-project.org/documentation/manual/2_0/en/inheritance-mapping#single-table-inheritance
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Class Table Inheritancenamespace MyProject\Model;
/** * @Entity * @InheritanceType("JOINED") * @DiscriminatorColumn(name="discr", type="string") * @DiscriminatorMap({"person" = "Person", "employee" = "Employee"}) */class Person{ // ...}
/** @Entity */class Employee extends Person{ // ...}
http://www.doctrine-project.org/documentation/manual/2_0/en/inheritance-mapping#single-table-inheritance
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Class Table Inheritance• Each class in a hierarchy is mapped to
several tables: its own table and the tables of all parent classes.
• The table of a child class is linked to the table of a parent class through a foreign key constraint.
• A discriminator column is used in the topmost table of the hierarchy because this is the easiest way to achieve polymorphic queries.
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Batch Processing• Doctrine 2 offers the ability to do some
batch processing by taking advantage of the transactional write-behind behavior of an EntityManager
![Page 90: Doctrine 2 - Enterprise Persistence Layer For PHP](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062300/5552de6ab4c90532498b4d68/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Bulk Inserts• Insert 10000 objects with a batch size of 20
$batchSize = 20;for ($i = 1; $i <= 10000; ++$i) { $user = new CmsUser; $user->setStatus('user'); $user->setUsername('user' . $i); $user->setName('Mr.Smith-' . $i); $em->persist($user); if ($i % $batchSize == 0) { $em->flush(); $em->clear(); // Detaches all objects from Doctrine! }}
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Bulk Update• Bulk update with DQL
$q = $em->createQuery('update MyProject\Model\Manager m set m.salary = m.salary * 0.9');$numUpdated = $q->execute();
![Page 92: Doctrine 2 - Enterprise Persistence Layer For PHP](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062300/5552de6ab4c90532498b4d68/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Bulk Update• Bulk update by iterating over the results
using the Query::iterate() method to avoid loading everything into memory at once
$batchSize = 20;$i = 0;$q = $em->createQuery('select u from MyProject\Model\User u');$iterableResult = $q->iterate();foreach($iterableResult AS $row) { $user = $row[0]; $user->increaseCredit(); $user->calculateNewBonuses(); if (($i % $batchSize) == 0) { $em->flush(); // Executes all updates. $em->clear(); // Detaches all objects from Doctrine! } ++$i;}
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Bulk Delete• Bulk delete with DQL
$q = $em->createQuery('delete from MyProject\Model\Manager m where m.salary > 100000');$numDeleted = $q->execute();
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Bulk Delete• Just like the bulk updates you can iterate
over a query to avoid loading everything into memory all at once.
$batchSize = 20;$i = 0;$q = $em->createQuery('select u from MyProject\Model\User u');$iterableResult = $q->iterate();while (($row = $iterableResult->next()) !== false) { $em->remove($row[0]); if (($i % $batchSize) == 0) { $em->flush(); // Executes all deletions. $em->clear(); // Detaches all objects from Doctrine! } ++$i;}
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
NativeQuery + ResultSetMapping• The NativeQuery class is used to execute
raw SQL queries
• The ResultSetMapping class is used to define how to hydrate the results of that query
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
NativeQuery + ResultSetMapping• Here is a simple example
$rsm = new ResultSetMapping;$rsm->addEntityResult('Doctrine\Tests\Models\CMS\CmsUser', 'u');$rsm->addFieldResult('u', 'id', 'id');$rsm->addFieldResult('u', 'name', 'name');
$query = $this->_em->createNativeQuery( 'SELECT id, name FROM cms_users WHERE username = ?', $rsm);$query->setParameter(1, 'romanb');
$users = $query->getResult();
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Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
NativeQuery + ResultSetMapping• The result of $users would look like
array( [0] => User (Object))
![Page 98: Doctrine 2 - Enterprise Persistence Layer For PHP](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062300/5552de6ab4c90532498b4d68/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
NativeQuery + ResultSetMapping• This means you will always be able to
fallback to the power of raw SQL without losing the ability to hydrate the data to your entities
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You can contact Jonathan about Doctrine and Open-Source or for training, consulting, application development, or business related
questions at [email protected]
Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
Jonathan H. [email protected]+1 415 992 5468
sensiolabs.com | doctrine-project.org | sympalphp.org | jwage.com
Questions?
You should follow me on http://www.twitter.com/jwage for updates about Doctrine