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DOE Peer Review
ETO STATCOM Demonstration Project Update
September 30, 2008
Wayne Litzenberger-DesignTechLoren Anderson-BPA
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Participants• DOE Energy Storage Program
• Sandia National Lab
• NCSU
• EPRI
• TVA
• BPA
• Florida State University‐Center for Advanced Power Systems
• Tri‐State
• AES‐SeaWest
• Commercial Vendor ?
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CONDON WIND FARMProposed Host Site
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Full Scale Demonstration Project
• 10 MVA STATCOM with battery storage
• Adjacent to Condon Wind Park
• Mitsubishi Type 1 induction machines
• Poor voltage regulation
• Long line with many small customers
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Proposed 10 MVA ETO STATCOM for Condon Wind Farm
0.6886mH
I=1400 A (RMS)
with IEEE 519 standards
ETO Voltage Source Converter
(transformer leakage inductance)
I=1400 A (RMS)
with IEEE 519 standards
69kv bus
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Condon Windfarm Problems 1. Voltage regulation trouble– Loss of control
over Inductive VAR compensation caps2. Turbine main breaker trips and controller
faults during 69kv undervoltage transient events
3. Harmonic sink for 5th harmonic – overheating the local turbine compensation current limiting reactors.
4. Megawatt output limited to 15MW on single ended feed.
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24 hrs Condon Wind 10/15/06
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VQ sensitivity from FSU model
-5 0 5 10 15 20 250.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
1.05
1.1
1.15
1.2
Reactive Power inj/draw Q [MVAr]
Vol
tage
at C
ondo
n [p
u]
VQ sensitivity at CondonPcw = 0.0MW, Q inj at Fossil, Qcw = 0MVArPcw = 49.8MW, Q inj at Fossil, Qcw = -20MVArPcw = 0.0MW, -Q drawn at CondonPcw = 49.8MW, -Q drawn at Condon
0.4 % / MVAr
0.35 % / MVAr
0.7 % / MVAr
1.0 % / MVAr
0.65 % / MVAr
1.2 % / MVAr
0.45 % / MVAr
0.7 % / MVAr
0.1 % / MW
0.07 % / MW
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Analysis of Power Flow Resultsand SCADA Data
WF…Wind Farm (at Substation)
Leads into V-Collapse
Strong evidence that malfunctioning of Condon Wind Farm capacitor switching causes the problem
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ETO Thyristor STATCOMDemonstrate Emitter turn-off thyristor in a 5 level
10MVA - stacked H bridge configuration
Co-Fund = $276,658BPA = $499,995TOTAL FY07 = $776,653
Contractor: North Carolina State UniversityPrinciple investigator: Dr. Alex Huang – patent holder for ETO Thyristor
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Power Smoothing via battery
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30 minute Power Ave
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000-10
0
10
20
30
40
time (H)
Pwg Dec 04
24 26 28 30 32 34 36
0
5
10
15
20
25
time (H)
Pwg Dec
04
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Smoothing performance index PI vs. energy storage size (MWh) for a time constant of
one hour
Smoothing Performance vs. Energy Storage Size
100020003000400050006000700080009000
10000110001200013000140001500016000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
MWh
MW
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Converter Topology: Five Level CMCCMC = Cascaded Multilevel Converter
Six ETO Light converters will be used
Transformer Configuration
Y to Delta Secondary
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TESTING
• Digital Controller– Testing at NCSU (finished)– Testing at FSU – Contract w/ EPRI
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Central Controller
DSP Processor (1)
FPGA (3)
Interface
Scalable Modular Controller Architecture
Control Room
Converter Room
PCI BUS
………………………………………………
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CAPS Large-Scale High-Fidelity TransientPower System Simulation
• Largest real-time digital simulator (RTDS) installation in any university, worldwide• Systems studies sized up to 250 three-phase buses at 50/2s time steps• High-speed analog I/O to enable realistic control and power HIL experiments• Additional off-line simulation tools, i.e.: EMTDC, Matlab, PSS/E• Established expertise in understanding the details of novel and legacy power
system apparatus and their interaction with the system• Knowledge in system simulation methods, analysis, and interpretation of results
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Controller Hardware in Loop (CHIL) and Power hardware in loop (PHIL)
• Controller HIL Simulation– Controller under test– Low level transmitting signals (+/-15V, mA)– A/D and D/A converters are adequate for
the interface
SimulatorD/A A/D
A/D D/AController under Test
SimulatorD/A A/D
A/D D/APower Device
under Test
Power Interface
• Power HIL Simulation– Power device (load, sink) under test– High level transmitting signals (kV, kA, MW)– Power amplifiers required for interface
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2.5 MW
Testing of a 13.75 MVA STACOM in RTDS-PHIL Facility at CAPS
=
~
~
=
STATCOM under test
=
~
=
~
~
=
Experimental4.16 kV AC busUtility 4.16 kV bus
2.5 MWSimulate Electric System Response
FeedbackMeasured Data
Real TimeSimulator
7.5MVA
12.47 kV 50 MVA 115 kV systemCity of Tallahassee
Up to 13.75 MVAr
6.25 MVAr 7.5 MVAr
0
Utility voltage reference for controls
• Full power• Current & voltage
regulation• Limited system and
wind farm dynamics
*) May require additional line reactors for filtering and current sharing
Simulates electric power systems & controls in real time14 racks 756 electrical nodes > 6000 control componentsTimer step (typical):t = 1.5…50s400 digital and 200 analog I/Oenable “real-world” feedback
5 MWAC-DC-ACConverter
“Amplifier”
Reproduces simulatedvoltage waveforms:4.16 kV nominal+20%/-100% 40-65 HzHarmonics up to 1.5 kHz E
quip
men
t man
ufac
ture
d, c
ompl
ete
Com
mis
sion
ing
expe
cted
ear
ly 3
Q 2
007
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ETO STATCOM Review
• Curtiss Wright contract with Sandia NL
• Assure conformance with utility needs
• Review NCSU design
• BPA contract for Expert Panel Review
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Energy Storage – Sandia Labs
• Lead Acid Batteries - Tom Hund Report• Flow Batteries• Vanadium Redox Batteries• SuperCapacitors
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3 Phase Step-down Transformer
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Questions
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Next Steps• Get FY08 BPA funding in place - $750k• Select Integrator and assemble STATCOM - 08• STATCOM Testing in BPA LAB -08• DOE Funding for Energy Storage $2M- 08• Integrate Energy Storage into STATCOM - 08• Test Combined System in Lab - 08• Design STATCOM Substation -08• Order Substation Materials – 08
• Build Substation – 09• Install STATCOM -09• Commission STATCOM -09• Integrate Wind Forcasting system into Energy Storage Control
Algorithm – 09 or later