Dr. Umer Farooq
• Ph.D. in Textile Machatronics from University of Leads, UK
• M.Sc. University of Leads, UK• Chartered Textile Technologist.• 8 years Research and Teaching Experience • Specialization: Yarn Spinning Topic
Innovation in Textiles: Trends and Innovation in Textiles: Trends and ChallengesChallenges
Dr. Tahir ShahCMRI, University of Bolton, UK
Dr. Umer FarooqUniversity of Management and Technology, Lahore
INNOVATION IN TEXTILES: INNOVATION IN TEXTILES:
Trends and ChallengesTrends and Challenges
CONTENTS
• What is innovation?
• Innovation - The Global Textile Industry
• Pakistani Textile Industry Perspective
• Industry – University Interaction
• The Way Forward
• Conclusions
INTRODUCTION
The global textile industry is increasingly facing competition from low-wage countries
Innovations in the production, composition and application of new textiles will be able to create stability in this sector
New technologies in textile production and processing are driving innovation in high-tech textile products
New processes will lead to new products and hence to an expansion of the traditional textile industries, both in terms of supply and production
Increasing globalization, new technologies and a growing demand for new products are changing the textiles market.
What is Innovation?
“Innovation is not the product of logical thought,
although the result is tied to logical structure"
Albert Einstein
A definition of Innovation!
• There are various definitions of innovation,
depending on the context.• Innovation is a process for transforming:
Research Based Ideas Commercial Value
“TO GROW, COMPANIES NEED TO BREAK OUT OF A VICIOUS CYCLE OF COMPETETIVE BENCHMARKING AND IMMITATION”
W.Chan Kim & Rene Mauborgne, “Think for yourself – Stop Copying a Rival”, Financial Times, 08-11-03
Diversification Of Economy
Technological Sovereignty
Value Addition
Economic Growth
INNOVATION
Main Objectives of Innovation
The Innovation Process
An innovation starts as a concept that is refined and developed before application.
BASIC RESEARCH
APPLIED RESEARCH
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
(Including market research)
ADAPTATION AND
MARKETING
Benefits of R&D
Research Development Investment in Innovation
New Products/ Processes
Company Profits
Increased Investment
Consumer Benefits and Satisfaction
More Jobs More Goods Higher GNP
The Textile industry is subject to strong pressures in a fast- changing business environment due to two main factors:
Market volatility and
Strong competition world-wide
• The industry need to enhance its capability to produce and market high quality and added value products
• This requires emphasis on new technology, design, marketing and management
• Textile manufacturers must consider when/how to innovate
Textile Industry: The need to Innovate
Size of Major Global Industrial Sectors
Annual Sales (US$ Bn)Military 800Machine construction 800Automotive 1100Chemicals 1320Textiles 1620Information technology 2850Tourism 2900
6%5%
14%
1%3%1%3%
9%3%8%
13%
28%
1%
5%ASSOCIATIONS
AUTOMOTIVE
CHEMICAL
CONSULTING
ELECTRONICS
FINANCIAL INST
MEDICAL
OTHER MANUFAC
PRESS
REFINEMENT
RESEARCH INST
TEXTILES/FIBRES
TRADE
LEADERS IN TEXTILE INNOVATION: IndustriesLEADERS IN TEXTILE INNOVATION: IndustriesLEADERS IN INNOVATION: IndustriesLEADERS IN INNOVATION: Industries
3% 3%10%
6%
3%
1%
1%
2%
5%
1%
1%
13%
7%
44%
USA
AUSTRIA
BEGIUM
DENMARK
FRANCE
GERMANY
INDIA
IRELAND
ISRAEL
NERHERLAND
POLAND
SWEDEN
SWITZERLAND
UK
LEADERS IN TEXTILE INNOVATION: COUNTRIESLEADERS IN TEXTILE INNOVATION: COUNTRIES
Some important market aspects
• Market pull from fresh approach to future life
styles/fashion
• Aging population – better quality of life
• Changing market – Changes in needs
Highly functional sports and leisure wear
Personal protection, safety and comfort
Integration of textile technology, electronics and
communication technologies
Increasing textile customer demands
Hydrophobic Hydrophilic Anti-bacterial Barrier Breathability Antistatic Stretch Smart/Intelligent It is the consumer demand that leads
to new innovative technologies and value added textile materials.
Functionalities
Processes
Environment
Raw Materials
Impacting Factors
Water use, Energy useChemicals, Working conditions,
Disposal, Recyling
Dynamic properties, Anti-microbialSelf-cleaning, Smart textiles,
Comfort
Flexibility: Small batches, Just in time
Customized production
New polymers, Renewable materials
Factors impacting the future generation of textiles
Emerging finishing technologies for textiles
• Plasma technology Atmospheric and low-pressure Treatments
• Microencapsulation technologyFunctional fabric finishing
• NanotechnologyNano coating, Electrospinning
What is Nanotechnology?
Nanotechnology deals with the science and technology at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers (nm).
1 Billion Nanometres = 1 Metre
100 nanometers presently is the practically attainable dimension for textile products and applications.
Growth of Nanotechnology
The nature of nanotechnology research and development suggests that nanomaterials production is going to impact every industry, including textiles.
Nanotechnology currently being developed and used
• Nanotechnology can be used in engineering desired textile attributes:Fabric softness, durability, and breathability
• Developing advanced performance characteristics, namely: Water repellency, fire retardancy, antimicrobial resistance, etc.
• In the forms of:Polymeric nanofibresConjugate fibres containing nano-particlesTextile materials with nanofinishesTextile coatings containing nano-particles
Nanotechnology presents a tremendous opportunity for the global textile industry to generate new products that could energize the economy, solve major societal problems, revitalize existing industry, and create entirely new businesses.
•
Impact of Nanotechnology on Textiles Industry
A recent report shows that:
• The global market for nanotechnology in the Textiles industry was around US$480 million in 2007.
• A number of nano-based products have already been introduced to the sector including stain, water and fire resistant fabrics.
• Nano-based products and processes will be worth US$4.9 billion to the Textiles industry by 2015.
• Nearly 25% of all textiles products available in 2015 will incorporate some form of nanotechnology -hygiene area, which covers numerous markets from household care to leisure and consumer goods to healthcare.
• Nanotechnology based applications such self-cleaning textiles as will start to make a major impact from 2011.
Nanotechnology: functional finishing
The functional finishing are processes which impart specific performance properties to fabrics For example finishes that: Improve comfort Improve ease of maintenance Improve durability Provide environmental protection Provide biological resistance Self-cleaning fibres
Small things can create big businesses !!!
Active Areas of Textile R&D: Functional Textiles
Fragrance release textiles Photocatalytic textile coatings Shape Memory Polymers for Intelligent textiles Self-Cleaning Fabrics Carbon Nanotubes for Electronic Textiles Multifunctional Coatings for Medical Textile Applications Textile switches and sensors, and electronic noses Bioactive wound dressings Electrically conductive textiles Stain and water repellent textiles Healing textiles
Applications of Nanotechnology Based Textiles
Nanofibres and Fibres containing
nanoparticles
Finishes and coatings of nano-based materials
Added Value
Textiles
Protective/functional
Hospital/healthcare
Filter media
Smart clothing
Aerospace/defence
Sports/leisure
Automotive parts
• Pakistani textile industry is a major contributor to the economy of the country• The sector has not yet realised its full potential• The industry is still too traditionally minded • The industry needs to take full advantage of the developments in the global arena
Pakistani Textile Industry: As It appears --
Pakistan's Main Exports (2005-06) Values in Million US $ TOTAL EXPORT 10270 Million US $
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Cotton Fabrics Made-Ups(Incl. Tow els)
Cotton Yarn Bed Ware Hosiery Ready-MadeGarments
SyntheticTextiles
Carpets &Rugs
Other Textiles
Export of Textile Products – from 1971 - 2006
Source: Textile Commission Organisation -TCO / Central Statistics Office, Pakistan
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1971
-72
1972
-73
1973
-74
1974
-75
1975
-76
1976
-77
1977
-78
1978
-79
1979
-80
1980
-81
1981
-82
1982
-83
1983
-84
1984
-85
1985
-86
1986
-87
1987
-88
1988
-89
1989
-90
1990
-91
1991
-92
1992
-93
1993
-94
1994
-95
1995
-96
1996
-97
1997
-98
1998
-99
1999
-00
2000
-01
2001
-02
2002
-03
2003
-04
2004
-05
2005
-06
Period
Val
ue
in
Mil
lio
n U
S $
Cotton Yarn
Cotton Cloth
Tents and Canvas
Towels
Bed Wear
Garments
Hoisery
(US $ 10.211 B
Exports US $ 10.211 BN (62.1% OF TOTAL EXPORTS)
Manufacturing 46% OF TOTAL MANUFACTURING
Employment 38% OF TOTAL LABOUR FORCE
GDP 8.5% OF TOTAL GDP
Contribution to R&D RS 263 MILLION (<0.05% of Textile exports!)
Pakistan Textile Industry: A snapshot
Global R&D spending targets
Country/region R&D intensity in 2002(Per cent of GDP)
R&D target Target date
European Union 1.85 3.0 per cent of GDP 2010
Austria 2.12 2.5 per cent of GDP 2006
Canada 1.96 Top 5 in OECD 2010
Germany 2.53 3.0 per cent of GDP 2010
Korea 2.53 Significant > (x2) 2007
Norway 1.67 At least OECD average 2005
India 0.8 ????? 2010
China 1.23 Significant > 2010
Pakistan <0.05 (2006) ???????? 2010
USA 2.75 ? 2010
Innovation Performance
Countries
Patents per
million
Innovation Performance
Index Rank Japan 1274.533 10 1
Switzerland 505.839 9.71 2 Finland 363.289 9.5 3
USA 359.84 9.5 4 Singapore 111.37 8.75 16
UK 105.211 8.72 18 China 0.529 5.39 54 India 0.467 5.31 56
Pakistan 0.015 3.13 77 Innovation Index of selected countries in a study
conducted in 2009 of 82 countries across the world. Patents data are averaged over 2004-07 and expressed as
patents per million population for each country- Economist 2009
Innovation Performance
Countries
Expected Innovation Performance Index Rank
Growth % Expected in next 5 Years
Expected Change in Rank
China 5.98 46 11 8 India 5.72 52 7.7 4 Pakistan 3.42 77 9.1 0
Economist 2009
Innovation Performance Index of selected countries over a period of 5 years (2009 to 2013)
(US $ 10.211 BCMRI Bolton University:
Examples of Current Innovative R&D
• Wound dressings/bandages• Wearable devices (Breast Cancer Detection)• Active cooling fabrics• Conducting flexible materials• Auxetic Fibres• Ballistic protection composite• Hybrid geotextiles• Nanocomposites
(US $ 10.211 BPakistan Textile Industry: The Way Forward
• Pakistani textile industry must adopt a fresh approach to technology adoption
• The companies and government need to invest resources into R&D
• Develop the ability to create specialized products
• These could include textiles made using new technologies – woven, knitting, nonwoven, etc.
• New products – surgical gowns, geotextiles, fabrics used in agriculture, high-fashion apparel, and fire-resistant work-wear.
• The textile industry should be a knowledge-intensive industry - willing to look for and apply knowledge
(US $ 10.211 BPakistan Textile Industry: What is needed?
Improve infrastructure services as a foundation for
technology development
Improve higher education in science and engineering
Link universities with private sector activities
Breakdown barriers between university departments
Promote innovative activities in science & technology
Improve policy to create/promote innovative environment
Focus on strategic and under-funded research areas
(US $ 10.211 BPakistan Textile Industry: Some Specific Actions
Establish Centres of Excellence
> Education
> R&D
> Targeted workshops/training programmes
Focus on new and emerging technologies
> Technical textiles
> Nonwovens
> Medical Textiles
> Geotextiles
> Nanotechnology
> Effluent minimisation and treatment/disposal
(US $ 10.211 BInnovation: Industry-University InteractionInnovation: Industry-University Interaction
• Benefits of universities, industry and society working together:– Sponsored research projects: funding, equipment and resource donations
– Shared knowledge
– Source of employment
– New idea generation
• Universities and industrial organisations have much to gain
from each other • There is a strong need to improve interaction between these
two important sectors• This will enhance innovative activities in the textile sector • An effective mechanism is needed to nurture this interaction
(US $ 10.211 BCONCLUSIONS
• Innovation has become the major driving force in economic growth and social development in the West.
• This is reflected by the fact that Western countries are promoting innovation as one of their core strategies. • Providing support for activities and initiatives that promote an innovative and knowledge driven economy.
A Final Thought !!!!!
There are three kinds of organizations:
• Those that resist change
• Those that accept change
• Those that seek change
Surely Allah does not change the condition of a people until they change
their own condition.
[Al-Qur'an (13:11) ]