Download - E-portfolio values (ppt)
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E-portfolio values:Why are personal values important in the world of
portfolios?
Simon GrantJISC Centre for Educational Technology and
Interoperability Standards (CETIS)ePortfolio 2009, City University, London
2009-06-24
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Overview
I want to present a view of values which convinces you that values are vitally related to portfolios in several ways
Personal values and their relation to competence E-portfolios and values Understanding the different aspects of personal values E-portfolios for different aspects of values
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What are personal values?
(I offer this, as I am not satisfied by other definitions)
Persistent patterns of personal choice between available meaningful options for action (physical or verbal)
Including: how you tend to behave (dependent on context) what you tend to prioritise (e.g. in terms of time, money) how you tend to treat people etc. etc.
Values can be moral, or just personal preference I trust this is at least plausible
then we'll follow through the consequences
Values are part of competence
I'll draw this out starting with the more obvious parts of competence
Then give a couple of examples
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Plain, explicit knowledge
“Do you know...” facts how to do things (explicit “know-how”) what actions lead to what effects
Easily testable quizzes, multiple choice tests a traditional aspect of examinations
Knowledge can be about values but that knowledge is not the same as having those values
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Basic capability across contexts
“Can you do it? Show me here and now!” lift this weight thread this needle read this text make this machine do something...
Testable on demand, anywhere given equipment Traditional practical tests, face-to-face evaluation BUT explicit knowledge and basic capability still do not
account for on-the-job effectiveness What is missing to make up competence?
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Competence has choices/values
Competence depends on explicit knowledge range of basic capabilities on-the-spot choice of adequate actions in real contexts
Think of the choices made by bankers in past years Line blurred between free professional choice and moral choices
that affect people in important ways Just the same range as with personal values
and quite possibly directly linked Competence = knowledge + capability + good choices Competence = knowledge + capability + values
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E.g.: football skills
Knowledge Do you know the rules of the game? Do you know how to recognise good space to move into?
Basic capabilities Can you kick a ball accurately to a chosen place? Can you keep up a suitable activity rate for 90 minutes? Can you dribble a ball at a certain speed?
Choice of adequate actions in real contexts Do you keep the ball or pass it at appropriate times in a match? Do you choose well between shooting at goal or playing on? Do you make good choices of where to move to in good time? Do you tackle opponents fairly?
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E.g.: diplomatic communication
Knowledge Do you know the required words / phrases of that language? Do you know about interpersonal communication and diplomacy
(e.g. listening, tactfulness)? Basic capabilities
Are you able to pronounce the words understandably? Are you able to string them together meaningfully?
Choice of adequate actions in real contexts Do you choose words that are effective? Do you choose well between speaking and listening? Do you balance tact with clarity effectively? Do your actions result in successful conclusions?
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So: e-portfolios and values?
Portfolios excel in collating and presenting evidence for things otherwise hard to give good evidence for
The knowledge and basic capabilities are not so hard to assess in other ways, but evidencing quality of choice in real contexts is harder
Portfolios can bring together evidence for quality of choice, from results and/or expert witnesses
Thus portfolios can evidence competence, through evidencing quality of choice, or personal values
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Relates to professional interests
Here are a few ways that personal values relate to what may be your professional interests
Please feel free to take up the topics later...
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Assessment
Assessment in contexts other than e.g. the workplace cannot cover quality of choice, or thus competence
To assess competence, or personal values use an e-portfolio approach or expert assessment on the job
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Recruitment
Employers want candidates who have evidence for all the components of competence for the job on offer
Personal values is one of these components evidenced through candidate's proven competence
Personal values also affect candidate's fit with corporate culture
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Social networking
Many of the things that people spontaneously display on social networking sites are to do with personal values (=persistent patterns of choice...)
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Professional development
Professional values and ethics are intimately related to personal values though not necessarily the same
To distinguish professional and other roles recognise distinctions between their respective values
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Personal development
Much reflection is about how we could make better choices in the future, and how we could develop our personal values to inform those choices
Values are key in many views of personal development
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But there is more to it than that...
People say one thing, and do another (hypocrisy) or want one thing, can't help doing another so, we need to distinguish between
what is thought or said what is done
Privately value some things, publicly profess others may be devious, but may also be necessary so, we need to distinguish between
what is private what is public
Leads to a 4-way distinction, helps to understand better how personal values relate to portfolios
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public
actions
private
words/ideas
Four aspects of personal values
professed
espousedoccurrent
effectivesocial norms, andwhat you say you
would choose
what you'd chooseto or for yourself
(maybe secretly?)
what you actuallychoose, from what occurs just to you
in terms of effects,choices you are responsible for
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public
actions
private
words/ideas
In cycles, perhaps like Kolb's
professed
espousedoccurrent
effectiveconcrete experience reflective observation
abstract conceptualisationactive experimentation
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public
actions
private
words/ideas
Presentation and reflection
professed
espousedoccurrent
effectiveconflict or harmony evident publicly
portfolios(presentations)
are
do you agreewith norms ofbehaviour?
do the wrong things occur to you?
essential
reflection
can you tracethrough cause
and effect?
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Values development process
When you are constructing your portfolio presentation what you profess may conflict with what is seen as effective restore harmony via reflection on personal value conflicts
ideally with a trusted mentor or critical friend
Portfolio tools can be used in this development in personal or professional areas of life already done with approaches like Kolb's so too with conflicts such as yellow on previous slide
Trust is largely to do with harmony of values Thus portfolio tools and practice can become
“engines of trust” (Serge Ravet & Maureen Layte)
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But, for helping younger people
with values, perhaps less portfolio and more education They may not have authentic espoused values yet So, first, we could help them
to understand about their personal choices and values including the idea that values will differ in different contexts and that other people's values may not be clear at first
to be actively involved in varied contexts with varied values to broaden the range of choices that occur to them to deepen their understanding of cause and effect to espouse authentic values in context when they are ready
Take account of their order of consciousness (Kegan)
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Summary
Values/choices + skill + knowledge = competence Portfolio approaches ideal for evidencing values
bringing together real results plus validation from others Values distinguished
public v private; actions v words/thoughts professed, espoused, occurrent, effective
E-portfolios as linking public aspects of values Personal development as mechanism for realignment Engines of trust - yes But only as the individual is ready!
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Thanks...
Thanks for your attention many more related ideas are in my new book and in Robert Kegan (1995) “In Over Our Heads” and in Rita Carter (2008) “Multiplicity”
I look forward to creative discussion My e-mail address is on my home page
(search for “Simon Grant”)