Early PeoplesEarly Peoples
Today’s lesson is about Neolithic Today’s lesson is about Neolithic farmers.farmers.
By the end of this lesson:By the end of this lesson:
You will You will knowknow about: about:
Why people Why people changed fromchanged from nomadic nomadic to to permanent permanent farmingfarming
How people looked How people looked after theirafter their crops crops andand animals animals
You will be You will be able toable to::
Identify Identify and and recordrecord information that information that helps you answer a helps you answer a historical questionhistorical question
Use a Use a flow chart flow chart to to help you explainhelp you explain how things how things happenedhappened
Success CriteriaSuccess Criteria
To be successful in today’s lesson you To be successful in today’s lesson you must:-must:-
ThinkThink how you organise information how you organise information
Record Record information information carefully carefully andand accuratelyaccurately
What is a Nomad?What is a Nomad?
A A nomadnomad is is someone who someone who moves from place moves from place to placeto place
Modern day Modern day nomads, like our nomads, like our ancestors, still live ancestors, still live a traditional lifea traditional life
Neolithic NomadsNeolithic Nomads
Neolithic nomads kept cattle and other animals, like Neolithic nomads kept cattle and other animals, like goats and pigsgoats and pigs
Because they lived in one place for several months at a Because they lived in one place for several months at a time they were able to grow some cropstime they were able to grow some crops
Task 1: Using a flow chart to Task 1: Using a flow chart to show how land was cultivatedshow how land was cultivated
Write the side-heading Write the side-heading : : Cultivating New LandCultivating New Land
Make a chart starting Make a chart starting with: A) Land covered with: A) Land covered with trees. Add and with trees. Add and explain as many explain as many ACTIONS as you think ACTIONS as you think it would need to clear it would need to clear the land for farmingthe land for farming
Try to think of at least Try to think of at least 5 actions5 actions
EXAMPLEEXAMPLE
A) Land covered with treesA) Land covered with trees
B) Make fireB) Make fire
C)C)
D)D)
E)E)
F) Land reading to farmF) Land reading to farm
Keeping cattleKeeping cattle
In Summer time the animals would be fed on the In Summer time the animals would be fed on the hillsideshillsides
In Winter only the best animals would be kept In Winter only the best animals would be kept alive. The rest would be killed for their meat, fat alive. The rest would be killed for their meat, fat and skinsand skins
How would they store the meat?How would they store the meat?
How would meat be stored?How would meat be stored?
Before the invention of canning meat could Before the invention of canning meat could still be stored to stop it rotting.still be stored to stop it rotting.
Write down at least TWO ways Early People Write down at least TWO ways Early People might have stored meatmight have stored meat
HINT (we need to keep BACTERIA off the HINT (we need to keep BACTERIA off the meat OR kill it)meat OR kill it)
Growing cropsGrowing crops
The earliest corn came from wild The earliest corn came from wild grasses which people learnt to grasses which people learnt to processprocess..
Permanent HomesPermanent Homes
As animals and crops began to produce As animals and crops began to produce more food our Neolithic ancestors began more food our Neolithic ancestors began to stop being nomads and settled instead.to stop being nomads and settled instead.
Cultivation and Cultivation and DomesticationDomestication
Wheat, barley, beans, peas and Wheat, barley, beans, peas and lentils were all lentils were all cultivated cultivated because because they provided good sources of foodthey provided good sources of food
Cattle, sheep and goats were Cattle, sheep and goats were domesticated domesticated to help make looking to help make looking after them easier.after them easier.
Task 3: Hunter-Gatherer or Task 3: Hunter-Gatherer or Farmer?Farmer?
Some historians and archaeologists Some historians and archaeologists believe that farmer was the best choice for believe that farmer was the best choice for our ancestors, others that being a hunter – our ancestors, others that being a hunter – gatherer was easiergatherer was easier
Draw up a table to help you answer the Draw up a table to help you answer the question:question:
I would have liked to have been a Neolithic I would have liked to have been a Neolithic hunter-gatherer / farmer because…hunter-gatherer / farmer because…
Give at least Give at least 33 reasons for your answer reasons for your answer An example of a table is on the next slideAn example of a table is on the next slide
FARMERFARMER HUNTER-HUNTER-GATHERERGATHERER
Good PointsGood PointsBad PointsBad Points Good PointsGood Points Bad PointsBad Points
What have we learnt?What have we learnt?
That Neolithic people hadThat Neolithic people had reasons reasons for for settling downsettling down
How Neolithic people How Neolithic people looked afterlooked after animals and cropsanimals and crops
OrganisingOrganising ideas before answering a ideas before answering a question means we can question means we can explainexplain our our reasonsreasons