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Earth / Moon RelationshipsTides, Eclipses, Phases, & Formation
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Rotating & Revolving
• Rotating– The spinning of a
planet, moon, sun or other object on its axis.
• Revolving– The orbital path
of a space object as it moves around another.
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Earth's rotation and axis animation
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/007299181x/59233/8_1.htm
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Earth Revolves around the Sun
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Phases of the Moon
< New
< Waxing Crescent
< First Quarter
< Waxing Gibbous
< Full
< Waning Gibbous
< Third Quarter
< Waning Crescent
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Tides
• Tides– Daily rise and fall
of the Earth’s waters caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun.
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Tides
• Tides• Spring
– When the sun and the moon are aligned the pull is greater on the earth, thus a greater tide.
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Tides
• Tides• Spring• Neap
– When the sun and moon are at right angles to each other their pull is counteracted creating lower tides.
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Tides animation
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/007299181x/59233/5_13.htm/007299181x/59233/5_13.htm
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Eclipses
• Solar Eclipse– The Moon passes
between the Earth and the Sun casting a shadow on the Earth.
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Eclipses
• Solar Eclipse• Lunar Eclipse
– During a Full Moon the shadow of the Earth can then be seen cast onto the Moon.
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Eclipses
• Umbra– The area of
shadow that creates a total eclipse.
• Penumbra– The area of
shadow that creates a partial eclipse.
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Eclipses
• Umbra– The area of
shadow that creates a total eclipse.
• Penumbra– The area of
shadow that creates a partial eclipse.
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Moon Formation• The Fission Theory:
– The Moon was once part of the Earth and somehow separated from the Earth.
• The Capture Theory:– The Moon was formed somewhere else, and was later captured by
the gravitational field of the Earth. • The Condensation Theory:
– The Moon and the Earth condensed together from the original nebula that formed the Solar System.
• The Colliding Planetesimals Theory:– The interaction of very large chunks of rocks like asteroids
condensed to from the Moon. • The Ejected Ring Theory:
– A planetesimal the size of Mars struck the earth, ejecting large
volumes of matter. A disk eventually condensed to form the Moon.
Formation Video
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Credits
• http://www.spaceweather.com/eclipses/images/09jan01/zirn1_big.jpg
• http://www.hermit.org/Eclipse• http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/
moon_phases.html• http://www.classzone.com/books/
earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es2501/es2501page01.cfm?chapter_no=25
• http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/moon/moon_formation.html
• http://science.nasa.gov/ssl/pad/solar/sunturn.htm