Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Earthquake
- shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane of from volcanic activity
San Francisco Earthquake 1906
Alaska Earthquake 1964
This image shows what can happen outside buildings during an earthquake. It shows a debris-strewn street in California, after the
1906 San Francisco Earthquake.
IF THE GROUND SEEMS TO GLIDE, STAY INSIDE!
Following an earthquake,
these railroad
tracks show the bending and folding
power of plate
movement.
Volcano
- an opening in the earth's crust (or in the surface of some other planet) through which molten lava and gases erupt
Formation of a Volcano
Paracutin Volcano, Mexico
Cinder Cone Volcano
Mount Vesuvius
Images of victims in eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD. Most died as a result of suffocation.
VOLCANIC MOUNTAINNAMIBIA IN AFRICA
What is the relationship between the Earth’s plates, volcanoes, and earthquakes?
http://www.extremescience.com/PlateTectonicsmap.htm
Plates
http://hsv.com/scitech/earthsci/quake.htm
Volcanoes
Let’s look at those maps again.
Plates
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Earthquakes and Volcanoes are found where plates meet.
Seismic Waves
– waves of force that travel through the earth as a result of plate movement (i.e. earthquakes and volcanoes)
Seismic Risk Map of the U.S.
Seismometer
- gives an early warning that a tsunami is coming
Seismograph records energy waves of the earth
Ring of Fire
– an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic activity occurs in the Pacific Ocean
Focus
- is the point underground where the rocks begin to move during an earthquake
Tsunami
– a series of large water waves caused by plate tectonic movement
Earthquakes in the ocean cause
Destruction
30’ Wall of Water
Epicenter
- is the point above ground where the earthquake begins
Richter Scale
– assigns a single number to quantify the amount of seismic energy released by an earthquake
Stress
– is released by earthquakes when it has been built up enough