Download - Echinococcosis : A Case Study in Tibet
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Echinococcosis:A Case Study in Tibet
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Tibetan CultureSeminomadic pastorialistsLivestock farming
Sheep, cattle, yaksDogs
Help with farming Buddhist monk culture allows
strays
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Echinococcosis in TibetHigh endemicity (WHO)
6.6% of people on Tibetan Plateau = cysts
High prevalence of parasite in animals Dogs (55% of tested) Livestock (Sheep = 54%, Yaks =
72%)
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At-Risk PopulationsPreschool age children
Direct contact with dogs Higher disease prevalence in adults b/c cysts become symptomatic over time
Occupation and environment Pastorialism Dog ownership
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At-Risk PopulationsWomen
They care for dogs Work with yak feces (Pregnant = immune suppressed)
Low socioeconomic status Water quality issues Illiteracy
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Suggested InterventionsTreat people with long-term albendazole therapy
Vaccinate or treat dogs
Prevent dog access to livestock entrails and internal organs
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InterventionsMeat inspection and disposal of infected parts
Improved hygiene
Education
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InterventionsCultural challenges:
Lack of interstate cooperation Difficult logistics (access) Cultural antagonism Lack of surveillance of animal infection levels
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Land-use changesClimate change
Less rain = hard to keep plants for farming
More snow = hard for animals to forage
Overgrazing Could bring in small mammals, hosts of E. multilocularis
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D. Scott Smith, MD