ECOLOGYECOLOGY EcologyEcology (ee-KAHL-uh-jee) is the (ee-KAHL-uh-jee) is the
scientific study of scientific study of interactions among organisms and and between organisms and their between organisms and their environment.environment.
Organizational levels of biology
Some great, Some great, BIG issues……PollutionPollution
Acid rainAcid rain
Greenhouse effectGreenhouse effectGlobal warming
El NiEl NinnooLa NinaLa NinaIce AgeIce Age
Mrs. De Peralta ‘08
What are some examples
of living things?
A Living Thing!
To belong to the same species you must be ableto successfully produce
fertile offspring
Trees, Plants,Animals, Bacteria
VIDEO CLIP 1m 11s
What do you call a group of
organisms that belong
to the same species?
What is it called when many different
populations are living together in
one area?
PopulationCommunity
We live in the community of Prince George’s
County.What populations make up
this community?
Levels of OrganizationLevels of OrganizationLook closely at this picture. What does this level include that the previous levels did not?
Mountains
Water
NON-LIVING THINGS
Some small questions…Some small questions…1.1. What are some examples of living What are some examples of living
things found in our community?things found in our community? These are called BIOTIC FACTORSThese are called BIOTIC FACTORS
2.2. What are some examples of non- What are some examples of non-living things found in our community?living things found in our community?
These are called ABIOTIC These are called ABIOTIC FACTORSFACTORS
““BioBio”” means means ““LivingLiving””
VIDEO CLIP 2m 49s
Living things/organisms
Non-living things
It all starts with the…It all starts with the…
ENERGY
What does the prefix
“auto” mean?As in AUTOPILOT!
SELF Nourishment(feeding)
Autotrophs are also known as Producers
How do autotrophs produce How do autotrophs produce their own food?their own food?
Energy fromThe SUN!
Deep sea bacteria live at ocean depths too great for
light to reach, thus photosynthesis cannot occur. Yet, these bacteria still make their own food (sugars). What is the source of energy for the
bacteria?
What is this process called?
What if there is no sunlight?
Chemosynthesis
What does the prefix
“Hetero” mean?
Other Nourishment(feeding)
What are examples of organisms that eat other organisms (HETEROTROPHS)?
Heterotrophs are also known as Consumers
HeterotrophsHeterotrophs
HERBIVORESHERBIVORESCARNIVORESCARNIVORES
OMNIVORESOMNIVORESDETRITIVORESDETRITIVORES
DECOMPOSERSDECOMPOSERS
Plants onlyAnimals only
Plants and Animals
Detritus only
Break down organic matter
Energy moves along a pathway
What happens to the What happens to the energyenergy in in an ecosystem when one an ecosystem when one organism eats another?organism eats another?
Which of these Which of these describes the describes the role of the red role of the red oak in the forest oak in the forest food web? food web?
A. omnivoreA. omnivoreB. parasiteB. parasiteC. herbivoreC. herbivoreD. producerD. producer
Corals are marine animals that often Corals are marine animals that often live in tropical seas. Many types of live in tropical seas. Many types of corals have unicellular algae living in corals have unicellular algae living in their tissues. The algae provide up to 98 their tissues. The algae provide up to 98 percent of the corals' food. The corals percent of the corals' food. The corals provide protection and inorganic provide protection and inorganic nutrients for the algae.nutrients for the algae.
Algae leave the coral when the water is Algae leave the coral when the water is too warm. What kind of factor is too warm. What kind of factor is temperature on this relationship?temperature on this relationship?
A. BioticA. BioticB. AbioticB. AbioticC. ParasiticC. ParasiticD. CommensalisticD. Commensalistic
An ecosystem contains organisms An ecosystem contains organisms interacting with each other and their interacting with each other and their physical environment. Which of these physical environment. Which of these is the is the bestbest indicator of a healthy indicator of a healthy ecosystem?ecosystem?
A. There are few decomposers.A. There are few decomposers.B. There are many different species.B. There are many different species.C. There are few herbivores.C. There are few herbivores.D. There is a large population of only one D. There is a large population of only one species.species.
Describe the flow of energy Describe the flow of energy in the wetland food web. in the wetland food web. In your response, be sure In your response, be sure to:to:
Name the biotic and Name the biotic and abiotic factors affecting abiotic factors affecting the heron the heron
Identify the trophic levels Identify the trophic levels of the different organisms of the different organisms in the wetland food web in the wetland food web
Describe how the energy Describe how the energy is transferred between is transferred between the organisms in the the organisms in the wetland food web wetland food web
Explain how the other Explain how the other organisms in the wetland organisms in the wetland ecosystem would be ecosystem would be affected by the sudden affected by the sudden disappearance of the disappearance of the heron population heron population
BCR
Food Web InteractiveFood Web Interactivehttp://www.harcourtschool.com/http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/food/food_menu.htmlactivity/food/food_menu.html