Effect of variants for an Lurban ASEP approach
As requested by the GRB Chairman
GRB feb 2011
Erik de Graaff
Informal document GRB-53-26(53rd GRB, 15-17 February 2011, Agenda item 3(c))
Basic assumptions in analysisas stated by the GRB chairman
• ASEP Methods– Chair-ASEP = slope method doc 2011-02 annex 10 par 3– KBA-ASEP = KBA method doc 2011-02 annex 10 par 4– Lurban-ASEP = accel method doc 2011-02 annex 10 par 6– NL ASEP = doc 2011-08
• KBA always applicable (independent of choice for Lurban/ASEP or Chair/ASEP)
• Acceleration boundaries– Annex 3: 3 m/s2
– ASEP: 5 m/s2
Huge amount of dataHow to clarify in a simple presentation?
If necessary: Formulas
• All factors influencing Lwot,ASEP are mutiplied by a factor 1/(1-kp,ASEP)
• For the example vehicle this factor has a value of 3
• this means– The margin of 3 dB on Lurban translates into a margin of 9 dB on
Lwot
k-1
50) - (v x 0.15 L L x k - 3 L
ASEPp,
ASEPBB,urbancrsASEPp,ASEPWOT,
Huge amount of dataHow to clarify in a simple presentation?
Strategy for this presentation
• No formulas
• One example vehicle
• Three variants of Lurban-ASEP
• For every variant– One graph with the principle– One graph with the data
The example vehiclesound emissions R51-ASEP database
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0
engine speed
ma
x W
OT
-SP
L in
dB
(A)
Chair 2
Chair 3
NL 2
NL 3
NL 4
NL 5
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2
gear 3
gear 4
gear 5
D- range
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2 new
gear 3 new
D-range new
KBA-3
KBA-4
Lurban 2
Lurban 3
Lurban 4
D. Moore 5
Blue dots are measured noise levels
The example vehicle
Why this example?Reason 1: sound emission• Not very linear• Jump of 10 dB• Estimated Lmax,nrated
110 dB
sound emissions R51-ASEP database
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0
engine speed
ma
x W
OT
-SP
L in
dB
(A)
Chair 2
Chair 3
NL 2
NL 3
NL 4
NL 5
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2
gear 3
gear 4
gear 5
D- range
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2 new
gear 3 new
D-range new
KBA-3
KBA-4
Lurban 2
Lurban 3
Lurban 4
D. Moore 5
resonances
linear
linear
10 dB jump
Estimated Lmax = 110 dB
vehicle 200-49 PMR 159 kW/t
assumed limit A3: 73
Why this example?• Sound emission
– Not very linear– Jump of 10 dB– Lmax,nrated circa 110 dB
• Annex 3 on the edge– R51.02: -0.9 dB– R51.03 +0.7 dB
• Fulfills KBA• Acceleration < 4 m/s2
• Sound emission not everywhere as could be expected from the Annex 3 result
sound emissions R51-ASEP database
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0
engine speed
ma
x W
OT
-SP
L in
dB
(A)
Chair 2
Chair 3
NL 2
NL 3
NL 4
NL 5
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2
gear 3
gear 4
gear 5
D- range
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2 new
gear 3 new
D-range new
KBA-3
KBA-4
Lurban 2
Lurban 3
Lurban 4
D. Moore 5
vehicle 200-49 PMR 159 kW/t
The vehicle fails both NL ASEP and Chair ASEP
at various engine speeds
NL ASEP and Chair ASEP differ less than 3 dB
sound emissions R51-ASEP database
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0
engine speed
ma
x W
OT
-SP
L in
dB
(A)
Chair 2
Chair 3
NL 2
NL 3
NL 4
NL 5
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2
gear 3
gear 4
gear 5
D- range
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2 new
gear 3 new
D-range new
KBA-3
KBA-4
D. Moore 2
D. Moore 3
D. Moore 4
D. Moore 5
How do the Lurban-ASEP variants perform?
Variant 1 of Lurban-ASEP
Variant 1 for Lurban ASEP3 dB margin on Lurban
65
70
75
80
85
90
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5
Acceleration (m/s2)
no
ise
leve
l (d
B(A
))
Lcruise
Lwot,A3
Lurban
Lwot, ASEP, expected
Lurban + Margin
Lwot,ASEP allowed
Expected behaviorin ASEP
allowed behaviorin ASEP
3 dB Margin
9 dB Margin
Margin on Lwot in 2nd gear = Margin on Lurban multiplied by a factor 3
vehicle 200-49 PMR 159 kW/t
Variant 1 Lurban ASEP:
3 dB margin on Lurban
The vehicle never fails Lurban-ASEP
Limit of Lurban-ASEP is 7 to 10 dB higher than chair-ASEP and up to 15 dB higher than NL ASEP
sound emissions R51-ASEP database
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0
engine speed
ma
x W
OT
-SP
L in
dB
(A)
Chair 2
Chair 3
NL 2
NL 3
NL 4
NL 5
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2
gear 3
gear 4
gear 5
D- range
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2 new
gear 3 new
D-range new
KBA-3
KBA-4
Lurban 2
Lurban 3
Lurban 4
D. Moore 5
Variant 2 of Lurban-ASEP
Variant 2 for Lurban ASEP3 dB margin on Lwot
• margin independent of acceleration
65
70
75
80
85
90
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5
Acceleration (m/s2)
no
ise
leve
l (d
B(A
))Lcruise
Lwot,A3
Lurban
Lwot, ASEP, expected
Lwot,ASEP allowed
Expected behaviorin ASEP
allowed behaviorin ASEP
3 dB Margin on Lwot
vehicle 200-49 PMR 159 kW/t
Variant 2 Lurban ASEP:
3 dB margin on Lwot instead of Lurban
The vehicle is a boarder case for Lurban-ASEP
Lurban-ASEP is 0-6 dB more liberal than chair-ASEP and NL ASEP
sound emissions R51-ASEP database
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0
engine speed
ma
x W
OT
-SP
L in
dB
(A)
Chair 2
Chair 3
NL 2
NL 3
NL 4
NL 5
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2
gear 3
gear 4
gear 5
D- range
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2 new
gear 3 new
D-range new
KBA-3
KBA-4
Lurban 2
Lurban 3
Lurban 4
D. Moore 5
Variant 3 of Lurban-ASEP
Variant 3 for Lurban ASEP
• Check Lurban-ASEP against Annex3 limit• with 0 dB margin on Limit
65
70
75
80
85
90
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5
Acceleration (m/s2)
no
ise
leve
l (d
B(A
))
Lcruise
Lwot,A3
Lurban
Lwot, ASEP, expected
Annex 3 limit
Lwot,ASEP allowed
Expected behaviorin ASEP
allowed behaviorin ASEP
A3 limit
Alowed Lwot depends on A 3 limitindependent from A3,Lurban result
Variant 3 for Lurban ASEPExample: different Annex 3 result
No effect on ASEP limitASEP limit only depends on Annex 3 limit, not the Annex 3 result
65
70
75
80
85
90
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5
Acceleration (m/s2)
no
ise
leve
l (d
B(A
))Lcruise
Lwot,A3
Lurban
Lwot, ASEP, expected
Annex 3 limit
Lwot,ASEP allowed
Expected behaviorin ASEP
allowed behaviorin ASEP
A3 limit
Alowed Lwot depends on A 3 limitindependent from A3,Lurban result
vehicle 200-49 PMR 159 kW/t
Variant 3 Lurban ASEP:
Check with A3 limit
0 dB margin on A 3 limit
The vehicle fails Lurban-ASEP
Lurban-ASEP limit is comparable to chair-ASEP and NL ASEP
sound emissions R51-ASEP database
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0
engine speed
ma
x W
OT
-SP
L in
dB
(A)
Chair 2
Chair 3
NL 2
NL 3
NL 4
NL 5
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2
gear 3
gear 4
gear 5
D- range
R51-02
R51-03 a3
gear 2 new
gear 3 new
D-range new
KBA-3
KBA-4
Lurban 2
Lurban 3
Lurban 4
D. Moore 5
Discussion
• Chair-ASEP rejects this vehicle
• Lurban ASEP– Variant 1 vehicle passes– Variant 2 boarder case– Variant 3 rejected
