Download - ELEC-4120 Tutorial - 3 - WordPress.com
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ELEC-4120Tutorial - 3Manohar Kuse ([email protected])http://ihome.ust.hk/~mpkuse/
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Recap
● IPv4● IPv6● NAT
Be sure to review the questions we did in the tutorials.
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How Internet works - Annimationhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HOaIqQAeaik
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Some cool stuff
1. Ping 2. Traceroute
a. ‘tracert’ on dos b. ‘traceroute’ on linux
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Data Packets
● Formatted unit of data● Carried by Packet switched network
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Formatted….
Complete info : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_packet#Example:_IP_packetsBrief explanation in this tutorial
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Easy ones
● Version - IPv4, IPv6● Total length● Identification● Source IP● Destination IP
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Sometimes Packets get corrupted
● Brief explanation of Parity Check method to recover from error
● Other ways○ Parity○ Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)○ 2s Complements
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BxCmS7NIDR4
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Formatted….
● Now you understand “header checksum”
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Time to live
● TTL● Safeguard - to finish off wrongly directed
packets● The TTL count is decremented (by 1) each
time a packet goes through a router
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Protocols
● TCP● UDP● ICMP
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Reliable data transfer
● Packets sometime get lost● Sometimes packets arrive out of order● need to recover from losses
○ Checksum○ Retransmissions
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TCP
● Guarantees○ Error free data packet delivery○ In order delivery
Suitable for applications which require error free data delivery
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UDP
● Connectionless● No connection establishment● No acknowledgement and/or retransmission
Suitable for application which can tolerate some loss of packets
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Comparison