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Electric Power IndustryElectric Power Industry
Economic Analysis of Economic Analysis of
March 05 2005March 05 2005
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Team Victory Team Victory
Brendan FlahiveBrendan Flahive David MonroeDavid Monroe Guru Prakash ThapathiGuru Prakash Thapathi John BlackwelderJohn Blackwelder Magda RamosMagda Ramos Victor McCreeVictor McCree
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How Does This How Does This
Industry Affect You?Industry Affect You?
New York’s Power blackout in 2003 estimated New York’s Power blackout in 2003 estimated cost: $500Mcost: $500M
CBSBlackout.m3u
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ObjectivesObjectives
Introduction - Alabama PowerIntroduction - Alabama Power Electric Power Industry AnalysisElectric Power Industry Analysis Alabama Power AnalysisAlabama Power Analysis Forecasts, Projections and RecommendationsForecasts, Projections and Recommendations Economic EnvironmentEconomic Environment Macro Impact - Alabama Power and Electric Macro Impact - Alabama Power and Electric
Power IndustryPower Industry
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What is Alabama Power?What is Alabama Power?
David MonroeDavid Monroe
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ObjectivesObjectives
Alabama PowerAlabama Power
Georgia PowerGeorgia Power
Gulf PowerGulf Power
Mississippi PowerMississippi Power
Savannah ElectricSavannah Electric
Southern Company GASSouthern Company GAS
Southern NuclearSouthern Nuclear
Southern PowerSouthern Power
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Alabama PowerAlabama Power
Founded in 1906Founded in 1906 Subsidiary of Southern CompanySubsidiary of Southern Company 78,000 miles of power lines78,000 miles of power lines Customers throughout 44,500 square milesCustomers throughout 44,500 square miles Uses coal, hydro, natural gas and nuclear Uses coal, hydro, natural gas and nuclear
sourcessources 81 electric generating plants located at 24 81 electric generating plants located at 24
facilities in Alabamafacilities in Alabama
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Electric Power IndustryElectric Power IndustryAnalysisAnalysis
Victor McCreeVictor McCree
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Traditional Traditional Electric Utilities, Electric Utilities, Power Marketers Power Marketers and Non-Utility and Non-Utility Power ProducersPower Producers
Federal, Local Federal, Local and State and State RegulatorsRegulators
Description of IndustryDescription of Industry
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Fossil, Nuclear Fossil, Nuclear and Renewable and Renewable GeneratorsGenerators
Description of IndustryDescription of Industry
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Total Annual Electricity Total Annual Electricity Generation Generation
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Market StructureMarket Structure
Monopolistically Competitive Monopolistically Competitive -Local Monopolies-Local Monopolies-None Control Major Portion of -None Control Major Portion of MarketMarket
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Market Structure (continued)Market Structure (continued) Degree of Integration Degree of Integration
-Less Regulated/More Competition-Less Regulated/More Competition
Barriers to EntryBarriers to Entry-Large Capital Costs-Large Capital Costs
-Fuel Costs-Fuel Costs
-Competition-Competition
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Size of Electric Power Industry Size of Electric Power Industry Relative to EconomyRelative to Economy
Accounted for Approximately 4% of GDP in Accounted for Approximately 4% of GDP in 20022002
-Importance to Economy -Importance to Economy
-One of the Largest Sectors in the U.S.-One of the Largest Sectors in the U.S.
Surpasses Telecommunications, Airline and Surpasses Telecommunications, Airline and Gas IndustryGas Industry
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Demand FactorsDemand Factors Weather – Biggest Factor Affecting Sales Weather – Biggest Factor Affecting Sales (Demand) and Supply(Demand) and Supply
Economy – Affects the Demand and Supply for Economy – Affects the Demand and Supply for Industrial CustomersIndustrial Customers
Alternative Energy Sources – Influences Demand Alternative Energy Sources – Influences Demand and Sales Growthand Sales Growth
Emissions – Ozone and NOx Restrictions Limits Emissions – Ozone and NOx Restrictions Limits Construction and OperationConstruction and Operation
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Production and Cost IssuesProduction and Cost Issues
Environmental – Big Cost Influencer for Utilities that Environmental – Big Cost Influencer for Utilities that Use Mostly Coal-based Generators (like Southern Use Mostly Coal-based Generators (like Southern Company)Company)
Fuel Costs – Fossil Costs Tripled in Past 2 YearsFuel Costs – Fossil Costs Tripled in Past 2 YearsCoal and Coke Supply ShortagesCoal and Coke Supply ShortagesSudden Rise in Costs of Natural GasSudden Rise in Costs of Natural Gas
Nuclear Nuclear Low Fuel (Uranium) Costs/Competitive Operating CostsLow Fuel (Uranium) Costs/Competitive Operating CostsImproved Plant Safety and Reliability Improved Plant Safety and Reliability
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Production and Cost Production and Cost Issues (continued)Issues (continued)
New Generating Plants New Generating Plants
Aging of Existing PlantsAging of Existing Plants
Population GrowthPopulation Growth
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Non-Economic FactorsNon-Economic Factors
Alternative SourcesAlternative Sources
New TechnologiesNew Technologies
Deregulated MarketsDeregulated Markets
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Firm AnalysisFirm Analysis
Brendan FlahiveBrendan Flahive
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Demand FactorsDemand Factors Favorable weather conditions: warmer summers Favorable weather conditions: warmer summers and colder wintersand colder winters
Strength of business and economic conditions in Strength of business and economic conditions in service area, i.e. auto industry growthservice area, i.e. auto industry growth
Price Elasticity of DemandPrice Elasticity of Demand
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
Reven
ue i
n M
illi
on
s $
2001
2002
2003
2004
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Demand Factors Demand Factors
(continued)(continued)
Energy conservation practiced by customers Energy conservation practiced by customers
New energy contracts with neighboring New energy contracts with neighboring utilitiesutilities
CompetitionCompetition
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Production and Production and Cost IssuesCost Issues
Fuel costs were 36% of 2003 total expensesFuel costs were 36% of 2003 total expenses Purchased Power costs from affiliates and Purchased Power costs from affiliates and non-affiliates totaled 11%non-affiliates totaled 11%
Sources of Generation
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%
Coal Nuclear Gas Hydro
Fuel Type
% o
f Tot
al F
uel
Gen
erat
ed
00.5
11.5
22.5
33.5
4
Cost in cents per
KWH
PurchasedPower
Generated
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Production and Cost Production and Cost Issues (continued)Issues (continued)
Inflation creates economic loss due to the Inflation creates economic loss due to the recovery of historical investment costs that recovery of historical investment costs that have less purchasing power have less purchasing power
Plant maintenance and operationsPlant maintenance and operations
-LTSAs with GE-LTSAs with GE
Environmental complianceEnvironmental compliance
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Market PowerMarket Power Size and locationSize and location
Diversified customer base (<10% same)Diversified customer base (<10% same)
- 80% retail and 20% wholesale- 80% retail and 20% wholesale
Alabama PSC sets retail pricesAlabama PSC sets retail prices
Highly Reliable Service Provider Highly Reliable Service Provider
- 99.97% service availability in 2003- 99.97% service availability in 2003
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Top 5 Alabama Utilities Ranked Top 5 Alabama Utilities Ranked by Retail Sales in 2002by Retail Sales in 2002
1.1. Alabama PowerAlabama Power52,073,19052,073,190
2.2. Tennessee Valley AuthorityTennessee Valley Authority 5,073,9065,073,906
3.3. City of HuntsvilleCity of Huntsville4,729,1174,729,117
4.4. Decatur UtilitiesDecatur Utilities1,440,2711,440,271
5.5. City of FlorenceCity of Florence1,168,3121,168,312
Note: Figures are in kilowatt-hours (millions)Note: Figures are in kilowatt-hours (millions)
ALABAMA POWER provides 62.7% of ALABAMA POWER provides 62.7% of all the electricity in the state of Alabama!all the electricity in the state of Alabama!
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Who are Who are Alabama Power’s customers? Alabama Power’s customers? RetailRetail IndustrialIndustrial 21,593,00021,593,000 ResidentialResidential 16,960,000 16,960,000 CommercialCommercial 13,452,00013,452,000 Other RetailOther Retail 203,000 203,000 WholesaleWholesale Non-affiliatesNon-affiliates 17,086,00017,086,000 AffiliatesAffiliates 9,422,000 9,422,000
Note: 2003 sales in kilowatt-hours (millions)Note: 2003 sales in kilowatt-hours (millions)
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StrategiesStrategies
Maintain residential pricing at 15% below the Maintain residential pricing at 15% below the national average national average
Economic and Community DevelopmentEconomic and Community Development
Build new plants to reduce purchased power costsBuild new plants to reduce purchased power costs
Brand Marketing via Alabama Power FoundationBrand Marketing via Alabama Power Foundation
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GoalsGoals Grow earnings per share 5% per yearGrow earnings per share 5% per year
Environmental compliance and customer Environmental compliance and customer satisfaction industry leadersatisfaction industry leader
Maintain a stable regulatory environmentMaintain a stable regulatory environment
Contain costs while growing energy sales and Contain costs while growing energy sales and recover costs related to growing demand and recover costs related to growing demand and environmental standardsenvironmental standards
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Forecasts, Projections Forecasts, Projections and Recommendationsand Recommendations
Magda RamosMagda Ramos
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Electricity Demand ForecastElectricity Demand Forecast
Industrial sector will experience the Industrial sector will experience the
highest demand increase rateshighest demand increase rates
Electricity Demand
0.00
50.00
100.00
150.00
200.00
250.00
300.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Year
Bill
ion
Kilo
wat
tho
urs
Residential
Commercial/Other
Industrial
Transportation
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Electricity Price ProjectionsElectricity Price Projections
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Electricity by Electricity by Fuel ForecastFuel Forecast
Supply of coal and natural gas based Supply of coal and natural gas based electricity will experience the fastest electricity will experience the fastest
growth due to government incentivesgrowth due to government incentives
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Alabama’s Price Alabama’s Price Regulation StatusRegulation Status
Alabama currently regulates market Alabama currently regulates market
prices and a change in this policy is prices and a change in this policy is
not foreseeable in the near futurenot foreseeable in the near future
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Reduce production costsReduce production costs
Attract more strategic customers to the regionAttract more strategic customers to the region
Focus marketing and infrastructure strategies Focus marketing and infrastructure strategies on high growth potential customerson high growth potential customers
Value-added product developmentValue-added product development
Limited Profit Growth Limited Profit Growth Recommendations for Alabama Power Recommendations for Alabama Power
(due to regulation)(due to regulation)
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Alabama PowerAlabama Power Business Outlook Data Profile Business Outlook Data Profile
Actively working with the Alabama Chamber Actively working with the Alabama Chamber of Commerce to attract large corporationsof Commerce to attract large corporations
Transmission grid ownership allows revenue Transmission grid ownership allows revenue from ancillary servicesfrom ancillary services
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Alabama PowerAlabama Power Business Outlook Data Profile Business Outlook Data Profile
2004 industrial sales rebounded 5.8% due to 2004 industrial sales rebounded 5.8% due to growth in metal, chemical and paper sectorsgrowth in metal, chemical and paper sectors
Retail sales are projected to grow about 1.7% Retail sales are projected to grow about 1.7% on average during 2005 through 2009 on average during 2005 through 2009
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Economic Economic EnvironmentEnvironment
John BlackwelderJohn Blackwelder
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Real GDP Percent Change Real GDP Percent Change from Preceding Yearfrom Preceding Year
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
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National Employment LevelNot Seasonally Adjusted
(in thousands)
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National Unemployment Level
Not Seasonally Adjusted (in thousands)
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Projection of the TotalPopulation of Alabama
1995-2025
Source: U.S. Census BureauSource: U.S. Census Bureau
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
1995 2005 2015 2025
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Alabama Employment LevelNot Seasonally Adjusted
All Employees
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Alabama Unemployment LevelNot Seasonally Adjusted
16 years and over
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National Electrical Power
Generation Employment LevelNot Seasonally Adjusted
All Employees
* * U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistic DataStatistic Data
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Alabama Electric Power Generation,
Transmission and Distribution Employment Level
Not Seasonally Adjusted
* U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistic Data* U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistic Data
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Annual Inflation RateAnnual Inflation Rate
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Interest Rate Averages 1996 – 2004
(Not Seasonally Adjusted)
Source: Federal ReserveSource: Federal Reserve
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Interest Rate %
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
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PPI Electricity 1996 – 2004
(Not Seasonally Adjusted)
* U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistic Data* U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistic Data
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PPI Finished Energy Goods 2000 – 2004(Not Seasonally Adjusted)
* U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistic Data* U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistic Data
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Macro Impact on Macro Impact on Firm and IndustryFirm and Industry
Guru ThapathiGuru Thapathi
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Economic ModelsEconomic Models
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Multi-Country Linkage ModelMulti-Country Linkage Model
Macro Impact – GlobalMacro Impact – Global
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World Energy Prices Model (WEP2001)World Energy Prices Model (WEP2001)
Macro Impact – GlobalMacro Impact – Global
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Models – Global EconomyModels – Global Economy
MCLM – quantitatively analyze economic effects MCLM – quantitatively analyze economic effects through trade and exchange rates involving U.S, through trade and exchange rates involving U.S, Japan and other advanced countries. Japan and other advanced countries.
WEP2001 – calculate primary energy and WEP2001 – calculate primary energy and electricity prices from the demand and supply electricity prices from the demand and supply balance.balance.
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Macro Impact – GlobalMacro Impact – Global
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Macro Impact – GlobalMacro Impact – Global
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Economic Models - Economic Models - IndustryIndustry
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Macro Impact – IndustryMacro Impact – Industry
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Macro Impact - FirmMacro Impact - Firm
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Deregulation – A rousing success in Pennsylvania; A Deregulation – A rousing success in Pennsylvania; A catastrophic failure in California; Remains to be seen in catastrophic failure in California; Remains to be seen in Alabama - A state that is not deregulated and has no plans to Alabama - A state that is not deregulated and has no plans to deregulate in the near future.deregulate in the near future.
Price – Increase in coal prices fueled by rapid economic Price – Increase in coal prices fueled by rapid economic growth in Chinagrowth in China
Inflation – creates an economic loss since income tax laws Inflation – creates an economic loss since income tax laws are based on historical costs and company is recovering its are based on historical costs and company is recovering its cost of investments in dollars that have less purchasing cost of investments in dollars that have less purchasing power.power.
Macro Impact - FirmMacro Impact - Firm
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ConclusionConclusionA 3 Billion Dollar company in a 51 Trillion Dollar A 3 Billion Dollar company in a 51 Trillion Dollar world economy affected by everything….world economy affected by everything…. From From AAlabama to labama to
AAlternate energy Sourceslternate energy Sources From From BBrand image to rand image to
BBlackout lackout From From CChina to hina to
CCoal prices oal prices From From DDemand to emand to
DDeregulationeregulation2003 Estimate used for World GDP and 2003 revenue for Alabama Power
AlabamaPower
ElectricIndustry
US GDPWorldGDP
S1
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
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Q&AQ&A
Brendan FlahiveBrendan Flahive David MonroeDavid Monroe Guru Prakash ThapathiGuru Prakash Thapathi John BlackwelderJohn Blackwelder Magda RamosMagda Ramos Victor McCreeVictor McCree
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