Elementary Science Countdown to the
TAKSEarth Science Part 1 – Land
ByAnnette Venegas
Created in cooperation with Education Science Specialists, Region 20
Modified by: C. Horejsi5th Grade Science
Winston Elementary
Earth Science
earth’s physical features, how they form, and how they change over time.
Highlights of Earth Science
–Earth’s structures & materials
–Earth processes–The past vs. the present–Systems and cycles that help shape the surface of the earth.
Earth’s Structure and Materials
– What are the different types of soils and their properties?
– Why are rocks and minerals so important to us on earth?
– What is the significance of the gases found on earth?
– What is the significance of water on earth and role does it play?
Layers of the Earth
Layers of the Earth
Crust
Inn
er C
ore
So
lid ir
on
Mantle
Outer Core Liquid Iro
n
Soil Types
Silt-fine, rich ingredients, moved from some other place
Sand-grainy, mixture Potting Soil – Large particles
Clay- tiny particles, retains moisture
Sedimentary Layers
Loam is a mixture of
Clay, Silt, & Sand
Soil’s place in a Food Web
Earth’s Resources
S.H.E.L.S Fossil Fuels S.O.W.
PANDA & Minerals
Rocks can be RECYCLEDMinerals are NONRENEWABLE
The Process and the Outcome (Is it constructive or
Destructive)
Construct…Constructive…Construction
to build or build up
Destruct…Destructive…Destruction
to destroy or tear down
Constructive – build up of sand
Destructive – wearing away
Destructive – wearing away
Destructive – wearing away
Physical Features - Landforms
Physical Features - Landforms
Mountains
Plateau
Name them…
Glaciers
Valley A valley in a roof top
Physical Features - Landforms
Beaches
Rivers
Islands
Physical Features - Landforms
Deltas
Sedimentary deposits creating a fan shape delta of rich soil.
Physical Features - Landforms
The Grand Canyon
OceansVolcanoes
Plate TectonicsWhat events take
place to cause:– Earthquakes– Mountains– Volcanoes– Ridges
Plate TectonicsThe plates may separate, push against each other, or one slip under the other plate.
Events in the “Past”
• Resources, their origins, and how we classify them.
• Layers of soil, rocks, and minerals.
• Types of fossils, rocks, tree rings and other ways we can investigate “what happened before”.
Significance of Fossils
They can “talk” to us and tell us about the
Earth’s history.
Significance of Tree Rings!
Count the rings & tell the trees
age…look
at the damage to the rings and know the past…
Sedimentary Rock Layers
Which layer is the oldest?
Energy from the Sun• The Sun provides Earth with most of its
energy that powers various activities on the planet.– Food Webs (flow of energy)– Growth of plants (photosynthesis)– The Water cycle (drives the cycle)– Creation of winds– Weather
•These are all driven by energy from the Sun.
Patterns and Cycles of Change
WaterCycle
Patterns and Cycles of Change
Nitrogen Cycle
Patterns and Cycles of Change
Nitrogen Cycle
Patterns and Cycles of Change
Carbon Cycle
FACTS TO KNOW
24 hours in a day – One Rotation of Earth
29.5 days in a Lunar Month (about a calendar month) – the moon’s revolution around EARTH - 28 days is often used
365 days in 1 year - Earth’s Revolution around the SUN
An orbit is the elliptical PATH an object or planet takes as it
revolves around a celestial object
The seasons are cause by the TILT of the Earth on its axis; Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Review this power point often and gain a true understanding of
Earth & Space Science