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    PROCESSES OF STATE FORMATION AND NATION BUILDING

    NORBERT ELIAS (ENGLAND)

    Transactions of the 7th World Congress of Sociology 1970, Vol. 3 Sofia: ISA, 1972:

    274!4

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    $%'o0%o0$ $%# a#& i" i$& a&i* *%a'a*$#'i&$i*&5 Co"$#.o'a'/ &$a$#&o*i#$i#& %i*% a'#&$i-- i" $%# #a'-/ &$a#& of a &$a$# fo'.a$io" a"+ "a$io" 0i-+i" 'o*#&&, i" .a"/ *a&

    a'# a-'#a+/ #i""i" $o *o"&$'0*$ a &i.i-a' i.a# of $%#.-#& a" i.a# of $%#

    "a$io"a- a&$ i$% %i*% '#"$ #"#'a$io"& *a" i+#"$if/ $%#.-#&, %i*% i#& $%#.

    a f##-i" of 'i+# i" $%#i' o" "a$io"a- i+#"$i$/ a"+ %i*% *a" '# a& a *a$a-/&$ i" a

    "a$io" 0i-+i" 'o*#&& $%a$ 0&0a--/ i"*-0+#& $%# i"$#'a$io" of +i&a'a$# '#io"a- 'o0&

    a"+ +iff#'#"$ &o*ia- &$'a$a a'o0"+ *#'$ai" +o.i"a"$ *o'# 'o0&5

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    T%#'# i& .0*% $o # &ai+ fo' &$0+/i" $%# 'o*#&& fa*$0a--/5 B0$ i" o'+#' $o +o &o,

    o"# .0&$ # a-# $o +i&$i"0i&% #$##" "a$io"a- i+#o-oi#& %i*% .a# a "a$io" a#a'

    a& a" 0"*%a"i" a"+ #-- i"$#'a$#+ &o*ia- &/&$#. of '#a$ a-0#, a"+ $%# o'a-#

    -o"$#'. 'o*#&& of 2!4J i"$#'a$io" a"+ +i&i"$#'a$io" i" $%# *o0' of %i*%

    $#"&io"& a"+ &$'0-#& #$##" *#"$'if0a- a"+ *#"$'i#$a- $#"+#"*i#& a"+ #$##"

    #&$a-i&%#+ a"+ o0$&i+#' 'o0& o**0' a& a '#0-a' f#a$0'# *%a'a*$#'i&$i* of $%# &$'0*$0'#

    of $%# +##-o.#"$&5 O"# .0&$ # a-# $o #'*#i# "a$io"& a& a *ifi* $/# of

    i"$#'a$io" %i*% '#;0i'#& #6-a"a$io" a"+ %i*% *a""o$ # #6-ai"#+ 0"-#&& o"#

    '#*o"i#& &$a$# fo'.a$io" 'o*#&&, a"+, a& o"# of $%#i' %a&, "a$io" 0i-+i"

    'o*#&&, a& -o"$#'. 'o*#&& i" $%# 0#"*# of $i.#, a"+ *o"&i+#'& $%a$ "a$io"

    0i-+i" 'o*#&&, fa' f'o. '#'#"$i" $%# -a&$ a"+ 0-$i.a$# &0'$ of a &$a$# fo'.a$io"

    'o*#&&, .a/ # fo--o#+ / i"$#'a$io"& o" a %i%#' o&$"a$io"a- -##- of %i*% o"#

    *a" # $%# #i""i"&, fo' #6a.-#, i" #&$#'" a"+ Ea&$#'" E0'o#, a.o" 'o0& of

    A'a &$a$#& a"+ &o.# of $%# Af'i*a" &$a$#&5 So*io-oi*a--/ ai" $%# &*i#"$ifi*

    #6-o'a$io" of $%# *o"$#.o'a'/ i"$#'a$io" a"+ +i&i"$#'a$io" &0'$& *a" $%'o -i%$

    o" a&$ &0'$& of $%i& $/#, o" #a'-i#' &$a$# fo'.a$io" 'o*#&& a"+ i*# #'&a5 T%#

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    0'&0#+, a& i$ #'#, i" a'a$# *o.a'$.#"$& / +iff#'#"$ a*a+#.i* +i&*i-i"#& i&'#a$-/ .i&-#a+i"5 I" fa*$, $%# &$0+/ of -o"$#'. &o*ia- 'o*#&& a"+ #*ia--/ of

    'o*#&& of i"$#'a$io" a"+ +i&i"$#'a$io" &%o& #'/ *-#a'-/ $%# "##+ fo' a 0"ifi#+ a"+

    i"$#'a$i" $%#o'#$i*a- f'a.#o' fo' $%# &o*ia- &*i#"*#&5 T%#i' '#"$ o0"+a'i#& a"+

    $%#i' i"*#&&a"$ &$a$0& &$'0-#&, $o#$%#' i$% $%# #ff#*$& of $%# &$'0-#& o" $%#o'i#&

    a"+ *o"#"$io"& of '#a'*%, %a# i"*'#a&i"-/ %a.#'#+ $%#i' a+a"*# $oa'+& '#a$#'

    *#'$ai"$/ a"+ a+#;0a*/ of $%# "o-#+# $%#/ 'o+0*# of $%#i' *ia- fi#-+, of %0.a"

    &o*i#$/5 T%# o0"+a'i#& a"+ &$'0-#& '#i"fo'*# $%# $#"+#"*/ $oa'+& &%o'$$#'.#'*$i#& $%a$ '#ai- i" .o&$ of $%#.5 Soo"#' o' -a$#' a '##6a.i"a$io" of $%#i'

    $'a+i$io"a- '#-a$io"&%i i-- #*o.# "#*#&&a'/5

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    NOTES

    15 S## N5 E-ia&, K#' +#" P'o#&& +#' ii-i&a$io"5 B#'"# a"+ M0"i*%, 199,

    I"$'o+0*$io" $o $%# *o"+ #+i$io"5

    25 N5 E-ia&, K#' +#" P'o#&& +#' ii-i&a$io", ii+5

    5 E'"#&$ R#"a", 03#&$*# ;030"# Na$io"5 Pa'i&, 1!!25

    45 ii+, 5 25

    5 Ma'6 +o#& "o$ /#$ *-#a'-/ +i&$i"0i&% #$##" #a'-/ .#+i#a- $/#& of "o-#&

    i$% "o o' -i$$-# i"*o.# i" $%# fo'. of .o"#/ a"+ $%# +o.i"a"$ 1!$% *#"$0'/

    $/#&, $%# *o0'$ a'i&$o*'a*/, -ii" -a'#-/ o" a .o"#/ i"*o.#5 To *a-- o$%

    3f#0+a-3 i& 'a$%#' .i&-#a+i"5 I %a# &%o" &o.# of $%# +iff#'#"*#& a"+ &o.# of

    $%# '#a&o"& fo' $%# $'a"&fo'.a$io" of a -a$# f#0+a- "oi-i$/ i"$o a" a'i&$o*'a*/

    *#"$'#+ o" a Co0'$, i" 3Di#

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    O"*# .o'# Pa'&o"&3 $#-#o-oi*a- #'*$i# a&'$& i$-f5 T%# f0"*$io"i" of

    $%# &/&$#.3 i& $%# #"+5 If fo'.#'-/ #6*-0+#+ 'o0& %a# +##-o#+ -#i$i.a$#

    *aa*i$i#&3 %i*% #"a-# $%#. $o *o"$'i0$# $o $%# f0"*$io"i" &/&$#., $%#" $%#/

    &%o0-+ "o -o"#' # #6*-0+#+5 A& o"# *a" #, $%# &/&$#.3 +o#& "o$ *%a"#5

    N#-/ a+.i$$#+ 'o0& .#'#-/ fi$ i"$o i$5 No #6-a"a$io" i& i#" a& $o $%#

    #o-# %o @0+# %#$%#' a" #6*-0+#+ 'o0 %a& +##-o#+ -#i$i.a$#3

    *aa*i$i#& fo' fi$$i" i"$o $%# #6i&$i" &/&$#.5 O"# +o#& "o$ "o %a$ $o a+.i'#

    .o'#, $%# a$#"$ &i"*#'i$/ a"+ oo+ i-- o' $%# +i&a'.i" "aii$/ a"+

    i"*o.'#%#"&io" %i*% o"# #"*o0"$#'& %#'#5


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