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Emergency! Web 2.0 to the Rescue!
Kawin Thoncompeeravas
Image: map.sdsu.edu
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2007 San Diego Fires
- 7 fires lasting 5 days
- 23 civilian injuries
- 89 firefighter injuries
- Consumed 370,000 acres (13% of county)
- Destroyed 1,600 homes
- Excess of $1.5 Billion in damage
- Largest single fire evacuation in U.S. History involving 45 shelters
“easily one of the worst fires in the history of the state of California”
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Volunteers generally ignored- Volunteers sometimes compound the chaos of a
disaster
- Thus, disaster officials sometimes discourage participation
- However, sociological research on disaster situations repeately recornize the value of volunteers in providing
- physical and emotional assistance
- timely information
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Collaboration- San Diego State University (Geography Department &
Visualization lab)
- Coordinated by Ming-Hsiang Tsuo
- KPBS (Local Public Broadcasting Station) - Leng Caloh
- Web 2.0 yielded unexpected emergent behavior
- Secret to success with Web 2.0 is agility in the face of surprise
- Question: What do people most want to know?
- Answer: Where the fire is!
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Google MyMap
- Fire Perimenters, Evacuation Routes, Shelters, and first Aid Locations
- Highest Ranked link to the query “San Diego Wildfires”
- Google added the KPBS Fires MyMap as a featured link on its search pages
- Up to date info for family members world wide
- Geography Professor at SDSU
- Overheard people wanting printable maps
- Additionally, created a temporal progression of fires
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Other Web 2.0
- KPBS twitter account to provide updates on evacuation, fire developments, and shelter information, particularly which ones were open and which were full.
- Further functions on MyMap included the zoom function requiring fire perimeter lines be translated into coordinate based renderings.
- With the abundance of information, too many icons created a major interface-design problem. Google pre-released a newer version of the MyMap Application in order to facilitate the effort.
- Paramount issue was not accuracy but getting the information out there. Disclaimers about this was announced and any errors or problems were corrected by the public.
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Web 2.0 in the San Diego Fires
- Increases the possibility of unexpected volunteers and their networks
- Requires personal commitment from volunteers. Volunteers cannot be preplanned.
- Though cannot be controlled or commanded, volunteers can help gather information and coordinate assistance
- Because Web 2.0 tools make actions and actors visible, quick bites of information is readily shared, with little effort facilitating communication
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Lessons Learned
- Effectiveness depends on technical and organizational infrastructure to support serendipity
- Pre-planned serendipity
- Culture of experimentation and innovation necessary
- Capacity for people to connect before and during an event
- The ability to format data in ways that are reusable by others
- Leveraging search engines to increase public visibility.
- Visibility and volunteer motivation achieved through being part of cross-linked network within a community not just through a single extraordinary effort
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Question
•What map service did SDSU utilize?
•Mapquest
•MyMap
•Thomas Guide
•Mapblast