Download - Emphysema
EmphysemaMitchell Muir
Sarah RutlandYvonne Kim
Organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles
Smooth : movement within the body (organs)
Skeletal : maintains posture◦ Sarcomeres: within the muscle fibers contract
causing a skeletal muscle to pull on a bone. Cardiac : circulates blood throughout the
body
Muscular System
A sarcomere is the basic unit of a muscle Sarcomeres are composed of long, fibrous
proteins that slide past each other when the muscles contract and relax.
Sarcomeres
Diaphragm: a sheet of internal skeletal muscle that extends across the bottom of the rib cage
The diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity (heart, lungs & ribs) from the abdominal cavity and controls respiration.
Intercostal muscles:thin muscles located between the ribs that assist the diaphram
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hp-gCvW8PRY
Muscular SystemDiaphragm& intercostal muscles
Respiratory System
• Airways, lungs, respiratory muscles• Alveoli
•The main function of the respiratory system is gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide
• The alveolar membrane is the gas-exchange surface.
• The blood brings CO2 from the rest of the body for release into the alveoli, and the oxygen in the alveoli is taken up by the blood in the alveolar blood vessels, to be transported to all the cells in the body
Alveoli
Normal Interactions
Disease of the lungs, in which the elastic in the walls of the alveoli is broken down by an imbalance in chemical production ◦ neutrophil elastase (elevated by cigarette smoke)◦ alpha-1-antitrypsin (the activity varies due to
genetics or reaction of a critical methionine residue with toxins including cigarette smoke).
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lmZZlkrSu5o
Emphysema
The loss of elasticity in the alveoli leaves the alveoli rigid, deformed, and unable to expand and deflate properly
leads to prolonged times for exhalation and an inability to take deep breaths
Smaller volume of gas exchanged per breath.
Emphysema
Shortness of Breath Chronic Cough Weezing Fatigue/ Weakness Anxiety/ Depression Abnormally Rapid Heartbeat
Effects