Download - Enabling environment for integrating DRR and CCA in Southeast Asia Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) For ISDR

Enabling environment for integrating DRR and CCA in Southeast Asia

Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC)

For ISDR

Goal

Define enabling environment for practical integration of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation in Southeast Asia.

Covers:

Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, the Philippines and Vietnam

Objectives

1) Review of DRR and CCA projects at national and sub-national levels

2) National level institutional and policy landscape on DRR and CCA

3) Enabling conditions for integrating DRR and CCA

4) Practical examples linking DRR and CCA

5) Guidance notes for field practitioners for implementing and sustaining DRR-CCA projects at national and local levels

6) Conclusions on what defines good CCA

1. Review of institutional and policy landscape on DRR and CCAA. DRR Institutional and policy landscape

Cambodia DRR Institutional Mechanisms

National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM) Strategic National Action Plan for Disaster Risk Reduction

in Cambodia 2008-2013 (SNAP-DRR) Disaster Management Working Group (DMWG)

Institutional Mechanism for DRR in Cambodia

National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM)National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM)

Cabinet of PresidentCabinet of President General SecretariatGeneral SecretariatDisaster Management

Working Group of Ministries and

Institutes

Disaster Management

Working Group of Ministries and

Institutes

Provincial Committee for Disaster Management

(PCDM)

District Committee for Disaster Management

(DCDM)

Commune Disaster

Management Team

PCDM Secretariat

DCDM Secretariat

Department of Administration and Finance

Department of Information and

Relation

Department of Emergency

Response and Rehabilitation

Department of Preparedness and Training

Department of Search and

Rescue

Administration Bureau

Accounting Bureau

Logistic Bureau

Information and Prediction Bureau

International Relation Bureau

Newsletter and Publishing Bureau

Emergency Bureau

Rehabilitation Bureau

Operation Bureau

Training Bureau

Planning Bureau

Program Bureau

Searching & Coordination Bureau

Rescue Coordination Bureau

Commune Committee for Disaster Management

(CCDM)

Emergency Relief Assistance Sub-group

Food Security Sub-group

Health Sub-group

Small Scale Infrastructure, Water and Sanitation Sub-

group

Preparedness and Mitigation Sub-group

1. Review of institutional and policy landscape on DRR and CCAA. DRR Institutional and policy landscape

Cambodia DRR Institutional Mechanisms Policy, Plans and Statements on DRR

National Report in Preparation for World Conference on Disaster Reduction (WCDR)-2005

National Strategic Development Plan 2006-2010 (NSDP) Draft National Emergency Management Policy National Disaster Management Bill (NDMB)

1. Review of institutional and policy landscape on DRR and CCAB. CCA Institutional and policy landscape

Cambodia CCA Institutional Mechanisms

National Climate Change Committee (NCCC) Cambodian Climate Change Office (CCCO) Rectangular Strategy for Growth, Employment, Equity

and Efficiency as framework for socio-economic dev. National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) approved

2006, framed as implementation of Rectangular Strategy

Institutional Arrangements for CC in Cambodia

Source- MRC

Institution Type Relevant Objective Remarks

Ministry of Environment

Govt Ministry

Mandate over environmental issues, including conservation/protected areas, environmental quality/environmental impact assessment, and rational use and management of natural resources.

Focal Point for Climate Change and Biodiversity Conventions, and GEF.

Cambodian Climate Change Office

Ministry Office

Carries out all technical activities related to the implementation of the Climate Convention. Facilitates and coordinates donor funded and private sector activities relevant to climate change with other government agencies. Supports and organizes inter-ministerial technical working groups specialized in sectors (energy and forestry), and along climate change themes (GHG inventory, mitigation, vulnerability and adaptation)

Part of Ministry of Environment. Department of Planning and Legal Affairs. Secretariat of the DNA for CDM, and of the UNFCCC focal point.

National Committee on Climate Change

Inter-ministerial Committee

Prepares, coordinates and monitors implementation of policies, strategies, legal instruments, plans and programmes to address climate change.

Composed of Secretaries and Under-Secretaries of State from 19 Ministries and government agencies. Meeting at least twice yearly.

National Institutions relevant for CC in Cambodia


Ministry of Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries

Govt Ministry

Mandate over agriculture, including forestry and fisheries.

Focal point of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)

Forest Administn

Govt Department

Responsibilities include forest and wildlife inventory; protection and management of forest resource, and wildlife conservation.

Formerly known as Department of Forestry and Wildlife. Part of MAFF.

Cambodian Agricultural Research & Dev. Institute

Govt Research Institute

Research body for sustainable agricultural and economic development, with primary aim of food security through increased rice production.

National Committee on Disaster Management

Inter-ministerial Committee

Provides emergency relief and develops preventive measures to reduce loss of life and property from natural and human induced disasters.

Composed of members of relevant ministries and Armed Forces.

Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy

Government Ministry

Develops and manages energy policy, strategy and planning, including renewable energy.



Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology

Govt Ministry

Responsibilities include development and implementation of water resource strategy, determination of water potential, collection and management of meteorological data.

WMO focal point.

Ministry of Public Works and Transport

Govt Ministry

Manages execution of national policy on public works, including roads, bridges, ports, railways, waterways and buildings.

Ministry of Health and National Malaria Centre

Govt Ministry

Mandate over public health. Ultimate objective to eliminate vector borne disease.

Council for the development of Cambodia

Govt Agency

One-stop service for rehabilitation, development, and investment activities. Facilitates and coordinates government-donor relations.


Source- MFAD

1. Review of institutional and policy landscape on DRR and CCAB. CCA Institutional and policy landscape

Cambodia CCA Institutional Mechanisms Policy, Plans and Statements on CCA

No comprehensive national plan or strategy National Adaptation Programme of Action to Climate

Change (NAPA) - 39 'no regret' adaptation projects

2. Review of DRR and CCA projects

Development Addressing Vulnerability

Climate Risk ManagementIntegration of

DRR intodevelopment

Information Generation

Integration/Application

for adaptation

2. Review of DRR and CCA projects

Development Addressing Vulnerability reduction

CRM (Information generation)

Integration of DRR into development

CRM (Integration/ Application for adaptation)

3.Enabling conditions for integrating DRR and CCAFive criteria identified for analysis of enabling environment for integrating DRR and CCA:

1) Political Commitment and Awareness

2) Policy and Institution Mechanisms

3) Integration of DRR into Development Process

4) Capacity to generate required Climate Risk Information (CRI)

5) Integration of CRI into development process

3.Enabling conditions for integrating DRR and CCACountries Political

Commitment & Awareness

Policy and Institution Mechanisms

Progress of Integrating DRR into Developmnt Process

Capacity for Climate Risk Information Generation

Integtation of CRI for for decision-making

Cambodia 4 3 4 2 2

Indonesia 4 3 4 4 4

Lao PDR 3 3 4 2 2

Myanmar 1 1 1 1 1

Philippines 5 5 4 3 3

Vietnam 5 5 5 2 3

4. Practical examples linking DRR and CCACambodia:

‘How to Reduce Drought Risk’ tool, combined with the participatory rural appraisal tools, used to identify likely causes of recent droughts in Mekong region.

Provides policy recommendations and a model for drought management at community level, as well as the framework for community-based drought management

4. Practical examples linking DRR and CCAIndonesia:

Climate Forecast Applications Programme

Agriculture: tail-end irrigated system; food security

Use of post 1950 climate variation analogs and temperature and precipitation trends for evolving community-based adaptation practices

2006 2007

BMG provide forecast in August/updated in October

Climate Team at Agriculture Office held meeting with related field staffs from related agencies to prepare action plans for managing possible flood and drought risk in 2007 and inputs for Regent for inter-sectoral meeting and instruction letter for sub-districts

Monitor climate and provide forecast onApril 2007

Select options and implement the selected option

Implement anticipation actions (early planting and accelerating WS planting)

Preparing program for supporting the action plans and socialization

Translation

Example of seasonal forecast application during the 2006-7 ENSO, Indramayu, Indonesia

EWS Assessment: Sri Lanka Delivery of locally-relevant climate information: Indonesia

New Climate ForecastRegion (DPM) for

Indramayu

DPM 6DPM 7

RAT A-2 HUJ AN BUL ANAN (m m )

0

5 0

1 0 01 5 0

2 0 02 5 0

3 0 0

3 5 04 0 0

J F M A M J J A S O N D

RAT A-2 HUJ AN BUL ANAN (m m )

0

5 01 0 0

1 5 0

2 0 0

2 5 03 0 0

3 5 0

4 0 0

J F M A M J J A S O N D

Old Climate ForecastRegion (DPM) for

Indramayu


Onset of dry season 2003

Dry season rainfall, 2003


Impact outlook

Farmers’ response plan

F A R M E R S

Farmer Groups

P1-1

P1-2P1-2 P1-2

F A R M E R S

Farmer Groups

P1-1P1-1

P1-2P1-2 P1-2P1-2P1-2 P1-2P1-2P1-2 P1-2

Stage 1: training of agricultural extension specialists (district level)

Stage 2: training of agricultural extension workers (sub-district)

Stage 3: training of heads of farmers groups

Stage 4: training of farmers

EWS Assessment: Sri Lanka

Continuous engagement with farmers: Climate field schools

4. Practical examples linking DRR and CCAPhilippines:

New CC legislation placing disaster risk reduction as the first line of defence against climate change risks

5. Guidance notes for implementing and sustaining DRR-CCA projects Climate Risk Management offers a

convergence between CCA-DRR

Outcomes versus Uncertainty

Decreasing knowledge about likelihoods

Decreasing knowledge about outcomes

Set of discrete outcomes

Continuum of outcomes

Outcomes poorly defined

Firm Probabilities

Shaky Probabilities

No Probabilities

Frequency distributions

Subjective probabilities

IGNORANCE

RISK

UNCERTAINTY

Conjecture

Adapted from Dessai and Hulme (2003)

5. Guidance notes for implementing and sustaining DRR-CCA projects

5. Guidance notes for implementing and sustaining DRR-CCA projects CRM a convergence between CCA-DRR

Extreme Climate Events a common element

Adaptation Deficits Approach

Under progress

ADAPTATION DEFICITS is a relevant approach

Firstly, address adaptation to climate variability manifested in extreme climate events

Anticipate climate change issues and build capacities of institutions- Climate Risk Information Systems

5. Guidance notes for implementing and sustaining DRR-CCA projects

Study Recent ExtremeEvent

If no impacts on society

Zero Gaps; Perfect System

ADAPTATION DEFICITS

Study Recent ExtremeEvent

If significant impacts on society

Indicates Gaps or Deficits

ADAPTATION DEFICITS

Address these Gaps

Review in next event

in iterative modeto perfect the system

Major Approaches, Tools and Methods for CCA and DRR

Area Approaches, Tools or Methods

Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)

Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA)National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (NPDRR)Strategic National Action Plan (SNAP) Working Group on Mainstreaming Disaster Reduction in Development (MDRD)Community-Based Disaster Risk Management/Reduction (CBDRM/CBDRR)Coastal Community Resilience (CCR)Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)

Climate Change Adaptation (CCA)

National Communications (NCs)National Adaptation Plan of Action (NAPA)Climate Forecast Applications (CFA)Livelihoods Adaptation to Climate Change (LACC)Climate Risk Management (CRM)Climate Resilient Cities (CRC)

6. Conclusions on what defines good CCA Anticipation of risks and actions Incorporates precautionary principle Appreciation of gradual changes in environment

induced by CC, needing graduated response Managing current extreme climate events to manage

future CC impacts Institutional mechanisms to link science and societal

management systems Development incorporating present and future risks Addressing elements of exposure to current and future

risks and avoids maladaptation in future

Thank you

Download - Enabling environment for integrating DRR and CCA in Southeast Asia Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) For ISDR

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