Download - Energy Pathways
*Energy Pathways
*Sports Nutrition
*How the body uses nutrients, fat, carbohydrates, and proteins, to supply the body with the needed energy to perform.*Nutrients are converted to energy in the form of ATP*The energy released from the breakdown of ATP is what makes the muscles contract*Each nutrient has a special way that it gets converted into ATP
*Nutrients
*Carbohydrates*main nutrient that fuels exercise of a
moderate to high intensity*Proteins*generally used to maintain and repair body
tissues*not normally used to power muscle activity
*Fats*can fuel low intensity exercise for long
periods of time
*ATP
*Adenosine Triphosphate*Not easily stored*Very small stores in the muscles, used up in just a few seconds*You must have ATP in order to exercise *2 major ways to convert nutrients to energy*Aerobic metabolism*Anaerobic metabolism
*Most often a combination of pathways to create the needed ATP
*ATP-CP Anaerobic Energy Pathway
*Also called the phosphate system*About 10 seconds worth of energy*Used for short bursts of exercise*Doesn’t require oxygen to create ATP*Uses the stores (2-3 secs) then uses Creatine Phosphate to resynthesize ATP until CP runs out (6-8 secs)*After CP runs out, body either uses aerobic or anaerobic metabolism
*Anaerobic Metabolism
*Also called glycolysis*Creates ATP exclusively from carbohydrates*Lactic acid being a by-product*Provides energy by the partial breakdown of glucose without the need for oxygen*Produces energy for short, high-intensity bursts of activity
*Aerobic Metabolism
*Fuels most of the energy needed for long duration activity*It uses oxygen to convert nutrients to ATP*Bit slower than the anaerobic systems, relies on the circulatory system to transport oxygen to the working muscles before it creates ATP*Used primarily during endurance exercise
*Fueling the Energy Systems
*Nutrients are converted to ATP based upon the intensity of the workout*Fat is a great fuel for endurance events, not adequate for high intensity*At low intensities there is enough fat to fuel exercise for hours or days, as long as there is enough oxygen to metabolize it
*Fueling the Energy Systems
*As intensity rises, carbohydrate become dominate*A much better fuel than fat, but with limited stores*Stored carbohydrate can fuel about 2 hours of moderate to high intensity workout*If increased more then you go into anaerobic metabolism
*Metabolism
*The process by which your body gets energy from food.*Your metabolic rate increases during
exercise. *The number of calories burned depends
on the exercise.*You metabolism stays up for a short
period after exercise.
*Basal Metabolism
*The minimum amount of energy required to maintain the life processes in the body.
*Genetic*Can be increased with exercise
*YOUR WEIGHT
*If you take in fewer calories than you burn you lose weight.*If you take in more calories than you burn, you gain weight.
Pounds gained per year
Excess Calories per Day
1 105 4810 9615 144
*SKILLS RELATED FITNESS
*Agility*The ability to control body movement and change
direction quickly*Balance*Being able to stay upright either while standing or moving.
*Coordination*The ability to use two or more body parts
*Speed*Move a distance or complete a body movement in a short
period of time*Reaction Time*The rate of movement once a person realizes they need to
move*Power*The ability to use force with great speed
WhyIDidntMakeTheOlympics.wmv