Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Chapter 18 Automobiles, Land Vehicles & Systems
Use the Textbook Pages 413 458 to help answer the questions
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
1. One way of powering a vehicle is with an __________ combustion engine. Another method of powering a vehicle is with ____________. Using both methods makes the vehicle a ___________.
Internal Motors Hybrid
Pg. 413
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
2. An internal combustion engine can either have___ or can be a rotary engine.
http://www.turborx7.com/images/repics/rotaryengine2.gif
Pistons Mufflers Brakes
Pg. 414
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 3. A ________cylinder engine will supply more power & will
do it smoother than a singlecylinder engine.
Diesel Multi Solo
Pg. 415
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
4. The movements of the _____ inside of the epitrochoidal combustion chamber of the rotary engine parallel (mimic) the movements of a piston in a fourstroke cycle engine.
Piston Rotor Cams
Pg. 415
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
5. __________ engines are known as ______________ ignition engines since they don’t use a spark plug, but the rather the extreme heat of a high compression ratio to ignite their fuel & air.
Diesel Gasoline Electric
Pg. 416
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
6. Diesel engines take in only ______ on their intake strokes. The ______ is injected near TDC and immediately ignites due to the high temperature of the highly compressed air in the cylinder.
Fuel, Air Air, Fuel Spark, Compression Pg. 416
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
7. The twostroke cycle diesel shown above has an _____________ valve, but uses the piston to uncover ports that allow the fresh air charge to be “blown in” by the supercharger.
Intake Exhaust Compression
*
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 8. Electric vehicles can be classified as either ____________ (hookedup)
or ______________ (battery).
Direct, Indirect Compression, Ignition Solar, Wind
Pg. 418 & 419
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
9. The ____________ electric (trains) & the ______________ electric (cars) are the two most popular hybrid propulsion systems in use today.
Methane, Alcohol Wind, Geothermal Diesel, Gasoline Pg. 421
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
9. The ____________ electric (trains) & the ______________ electric (cars) are the two most popular hybrid propulsion systems in use today.
Methane, Alcohol Wind, Geothermal Diesel, Gasoline Pg. 421
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
10. Most gasolineelectric hybrid cars are of the _____________ hybrid type where either the engine, the batteries, or both the engine & the batteries can power the vehicle. (no idling at stoplights)
Parallel Solar Series
Pg. 422
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
11. ___________________ braking transforms the car’s kinetic (mechanical) energy into electrical (potential) energy that can be stored in the batteries for later use.
Regional Regenerative Resurgence
Pg. 422
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 12. A vehicle’s drive train or ___________ train allows propulsion power to
reach the driving wheels.
Power Train Valve Train Suspension
Pg. 422
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
13. The drive train uses a ____________ of some type to multiply the propulsion system’s torque.
Transmission Drive Shaft Stereo System
Pg. 424
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
14. Gear ratios in a _______________ transmission are directly controlled (shifted) by the operator.
Automatic Manual Continuously Variable
Pg. 424
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
15. Automatic transmissions use a fluid coupler called a _______ __________ and special gears known as planetary gear sets to produce both reduction, direct, and overdrive ratios.
Torque Converter Torque Wrench Power Splitter Pg. 425
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 16. A _______________ takes rotational power from one source and transfers
it to two axles.
Transfer Case Viscous Clutch Osmosis Membrane
Pg. 425
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17. Vehicles use __________ brake systems assisted by computers giving them Antilock Brake System (ABS) and also Automatic Traction Control (ATC) capabilities.
Pneumatic Hydraulic Electric Pg. 431 & 433
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18. Trucks & trains use ____ brakes. They are easy to connect & disconnect and if an air line should fail, the brake system will lockup. That means air is turned on to unapply them 7 air is released to apply them.
Air Hydraulic Electric Pg. 433
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 19. ______ systems are used to control a vehicle’s direction. _______ systems
provide a cushioned ride between the road or rail and the passengers.
Steering, Suspension Hydraulic, Air Conditioning Battery, Stereo
Pg. 434 437
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 20. Springs, pneumatic _________, and shock absorbers
all contribute to the “ride quality” of a vehicle.
Tires Wrenches Batteries Pg. 438
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
21. An automobile structure has 2 main parts: 1) the _______ and 2) the ___________ or framework.
Steering, Suspension Body, Chassis Window Glass, Framework
Pg. 444
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 22. Trucks are designed to carry
either _____ cargo (loose) or ______ _____ cargo (cartons).
Bulk, BreakBulk Liquid, SolidDry Gas, SolidLiquid
Pg. 445
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
23. A ______________ is the foundation supporting a road. The __________ of a road or railroad is the percentage of change in height for every 100 feet of road or track.
Road Bed, Grade Road Grader, Slope Gravel, Asphalt
Pg. 448 450
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 24. ______ span waterways and ravines.
_______ go through mountains or under waterways. Freeways, Highways Bridges, Tunnels Asphalt, Back Roads
Pg. 451
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
The Chunnel: Although there are far longer tunnels (the champion road tunnel is in Norway), this 31mile underground highway fulfilled a dream of Napoleon’s by linking Britain and France. Digging beneath the English Channel was considered a more significant feat than tunneling through earth (i.e., the famed 40mile Mont Blanc tunnel). \Whether the French and the British are happy being linked is another question.
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 25. Stations or terminals are built to accommodate ________ as well as cargo.
Passengers Hitch Hikers OffRoad Bikers Pg. 453
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology 26. Loading ________ at cargo terminals allow forklifts (lift trucks)
to easily access the inside of trucks. Docks Locks Socks
Pg. 454
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
27. All vehicles need skilled ______ to service & repair them.
Technicians Hitch Hikers Hackers
Pg. 455 & 456
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know
Class Notes & Priority Items to Know for Tests
Main Ideas
__________
__________
__________
Supporting Details
________________
________________
________________
TOP CRISS 2 Column Notes
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know
Class Notes & Priority Items to Know for Tests
TOP CRISS Highlight Your Study Guides Before Tests
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know
Class Notes & Priority Items to Know for Tests
TOP CRISS Read 3 Times
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know
Class Notes & Priority Items to Know for Tests
TOP CRISS Ask Yourself These Questions
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
• 4 Basic Vehicle Divisions – Body – Chassis – Drive Train – Engine
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• Vehicle Fluids
– Engine Oil – Engine Coolant – Manual Trans Fluid – Clutch Fluid – Brake Fluid – Power Steering Fluid
– Auto Trans Fluid – Differential Fluid – Windshield Washer Fluid
– Battery Electrolyte – Refrigerant – Fuel
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Rotary Engine: No Pistons, but similar events to 4 stroke cycle
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Engine
ECM EBCM TCM
SIR HVAC BCM
Inputs Outputs
A/F
Ignition
Emission Control
HO2S
TPS
ECT
MAF
CKP
IAT
Blue = Modules on the CAN Bus Purple = DLC Yellow = Engine Green = Outputs or Actuators Red = Sensors or Inputs Orange = MIL
Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Specialty Training There are two basic HEV configurations: The serieshybrid system uses a small
fuelburning engine to drive a generator for electricity—sent to one or more
electric motors which drive the wheels. When the traction storage batteries
need recharging, the engine starts up to run the generator for recharging.
Some vehicles can be intentionally operated in an all electric (zero emissions) mode around town.
In the parallelhybrid system there are two power paths. Either the fuel burning (heat) engine, the electric
propulsion system, or both, power the wheels. For longer trips, the heat engine provides primary power to the vehicle with the electric motor assisting under
peak loads.