ENGLISH LOAN WORDSLatin, Spanish, Italian
NATIONAL CHENGCHI UNIVERSITY
HISTORY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE
•Veronica Alejandra Garcia Navarrete 高薇雅 98305035
•Salim Josef Hoy 98305041
ENGLISH LOAN WORDSENGLISH LOAN WORDS
• Loanwords are words adopted by the speakers of one language from a different language .
• Borrowing is a consequence of cultural contact between two language communities.
• English has gone through many periods in which large numbers of words from a particular language were borrowed.
GERMANIC PERIOD, LATIN INFLUENCEGERMANIC PERIOD, LATIN INFLUENCE
• The source words are generally attested in Latin texts, in the large body of Latin writings that were preserved through the ages.
• Examples :
LATIN ENGLISH
Straet Street
Weall Wall
LATIN INFLUENCELATIN INFLUENCE
• English has lots of words of Latin origin. Some of these words are changed to make them more like other English words.
LATIN ENGLISH MEANING
Agenda Agenda Things to be done
Memorandum Memorandum Reminder
Memoriam In memoriam In memory of
Interim Interim Meanwhile, interval
Item Item Likewise, also, bit of news
Pro Pro and cons For and against
p.m p.m Post meridiem, after noon
a.m a.m Ante meridiem,before noon
Census Census Count of citizens
Veto Veto 'I forbid' used as a way of stopping the passage of a law.
ExamplesExamples
1. I read the bit of news about the Jesus tomb with more than a touch of skepticism.
2. He emailed a reminder about the Discovery Channel program on Sunday.
3. Epitaphs can be written in memory of loved ones.
4.A tribune had the power of preventing the law from being passed.
Item Memorandum Memoriam Veto
Latin words borrowed before the settlement in Latin words borrowed before the settlement in EnglandEngland
English Words Borrowed From SpanishEnglish Words Borrowed From Spanish
•Rodeo, pronto, taco, enchilada- English or Spanish?
•Many Spanish words have come to the U.S.
•The following is a list of Spanish words borrowed by English.
English Words Borrowed From SpanishEnglish Words Borrowed From Spanish
Spanish English Meaning
Vainilla Vanilla an extract used in flavoring food
El Lagarto Alligator
Bobo Booby Silly
cafetería Cafeteria a lunchroom or dining hall
cañon Canyon Deep valley with steep sides.
Mariguana Marijuana grass, pot, weed- Cannabis sativa.
Barracuda Barracuda Sub-tropical fish
Coyote Coyote Slender wolf with long ears
Mosquito Mosquito Little fly
Los Ángeles Los Angeles city in California
ENGLISH WORDS BORROWED FROM ENGLISH WORDS BORROWED FROM ITALIANITALIAN
• Especially musical and culinary terms.
ENGLISH WORDS BORROWED ENGLISH WORDS BORROWED FROM ITALIANFROM ITALIAN
Italian English Meaning
Sonetto Sonnet a poem, properly expressive of a single, complete thought, idea, or sentiment, of 14 lines.
Novella Novel a fictitious prose narrative of considerable length and complexity, portraying characters
Scenario Scenario scene
Balcone Balcony a platform projecting from the wall of a building.
Studio Studio room for study
Banca Bank counter where money-changers transacted their business.
Banca rotta Bankrupt bank broken
Salami , plural of Salame Salami spiced pork sausage
Broccoli Broccoli Vegetable
casino casino
ReferencesReferences
Latin
http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/Words/loanwords.html
http://www.palgrave.com/language/freeborn/site/pdfs/Loan_words_pdfs/03_Latin.pdf
http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&fid=2310028&jid=ASE&volumeId=6&issueId=-1&aid=2310020
Spanish
http://www.dailywritingtips.com/spanish-loan-words/http://www.infoplease.com/spot/spanishwords1.html
http://www.english-for-students.com/Spanish-Loan-Words.html
Italian
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Italian_loanwords
http://www.english-for-students.com/Italian-Loan-Words.html
http://department.monm.edu/classics/Courses/CLAS224/Handouts/Words/Italian.LOANWORD.htm