Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Enhancing Global Energy Security, Role of Technology in the Petroleum Sector
Carbon Management in E&P Operations
A Way Forward for Sustainable Future
Mahmut Sengul
Schlumberger Carbon Services, MEA
Riyadh , December 15 , 2008
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Overview
Global warming and GHG
Stabilizing CO2
Carbon Capture and Storage
CCS Research
Early case studies
Summary
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Direct Observations of Recent Climate Change
Global mean temperature
Global average sea level
Northern hemisphere snow cover
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Carbon Mitigation Options
Continued use of fossil fuel in a carbon constrained world will require:
Moderating demand by improving energy efficiency
Developing low / no-carbon energy sources
Implementing large scale carbon capture and sequestration
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Emission Reduction Opportunities in Oil and Gas Operations
Gas Flaring
Closed Burning
Open Flaring
Existing Fields:
Review
New Projects:
Incl. in Design
Vapor Recovery
CO2
Emissions
Power Generation
Improve Turbine
Efficiency
Carbon Capture
Ageing Fields
Power Demand
Oil spills
Clean-Up
Guidelines
Fast Response
Corrosion MS
FL Corrosion Data
FL Replacement Project
Best Corrosion
Protection Methods
Flow Line Leaks
Tanker Loading
VOC SOx
VOC Recovery
System
Rich Gas Flaring
Vapor
Recovery
Non CO2
Emissions
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Abu Dhabi Flare Reduction Performance
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
ABU DHABI GAS FLARING TREND
261
250
192
156
94
144
132
116
7461
53
38 35
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
ABU DHABI GAS FLARING TREND
261
250
192
156
94
144
132
116
7461
53
38 35
Courtesy of
ADNOC
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Sky Sky Sky Sky
• Enhanced Oil
Recovery
• Enhanced Coal
Bed Methane
• Old Oil/Gas
Fields
• Saline
Formations
Oil
Oil Gas CO2
Gas + CO2 Gas
Flare Gas
Recovery
Reformer
+ CO2 Sep
Air Separation Unit
Amine
Absorption
Fuel
Gas
CO2
Compression
& Dehydration
Power & Heat
Power & Heat
Power & Heat
CO2 Removal
N2
N2 O2
O2
H2
N2
O2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
N2
O2
CO2
Flare
Air
Flare Gas
Recovery
Flue Gas
Scrubbing
Precombustion
Decarbonisation
Oxyfuel
Acid Gas Removal
Air
Air
Carbon Capture and Storage in E&P
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
CO2 EOR
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Oil Displacement in CO2 EOR
Swelling the crude oil
Reducing oil viscosity
Reducing oil density
Reducing the gas-oil interfacial tension
Solubility process
Vaporizing (extracting) lighter hydrocarbon in crude oil
Generating miscibility by the multiple contact process if the pressure is sufficiently high
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
US CO2 EOR Production
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
EOR
(BPD
)
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Issues with CO2 EOR
CO2 availability
Recovery estimates
– Relative permeability end point values
– Slim tube MMP experiments
– Timing of CO2 EOR
– CO2 Utilization
Reservoir / well integrity issues
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
40 Tcf
EUROPE
CO2
H2S
CO2 + H2S
59 Tcf
SOUTH AMERICA 35 Tcf
AFRICA
641 Tcf
FSU
1552 Tcf
MIDDLE-EAST
249 Tcf
FAR-EAST
Source: Iris 21 database from IHS Energy -June 2004
2576 Tcf
40% of remaining reserves are sour (Excluding NAM)
Remaining Gas Reserves with CO2>2% and/or H2S>10ppm
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
High CO2 Natural Gas - EOR Synergy
CO2 Capture
High CO2
Gas Reservoirs
Mature
Oil Reservoirs
Low RF
CCS + EOR
PROCESSES
Natural Gas
LNG Sales
Incremental
Oil Recovery
CO2 Storage
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Schlumberger Focus in CCS
CO2 Capture
Services(Process)
CO2
Transportation(EPC)
Reservoir
Development
Services(SLB-OFS)
Carbon
Services
Carbon Capture &
Storage
R&D
Technical Consulting
Reservoir
Management
Support
(IPM-DCS-SIS)
SCS works with customers to identify CO2 Capture and Storage opportunities and recommend options for implementations.
SCS works closely with OFS segments and alliance partners to implement CCS projects
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Current Research Activities
Time lapsed 3D Seismic CO2
Eclipse for CO2 Service
Geochemical Simulator
Geomechanical Simulator
CO2 resistant cement
ESP / HPS for CO2
Next generation reservoir simulator
Risk Assessment
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Field Projects
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Monitoring Using RST – S Measurement
CO2 Injection :
Start – Oct 4th / Stop - Oct 14th
(*) Sakurai et al. , SPWLA 46th – June 26-29th - 2005
RST injection well
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Microseismics
Main applications:
Injection control
Avoid fracturing cap rock
Control CO2 displacement
Fault Re-activation
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Sleipner Seismic Monitoring Results
Courtesy SACS2
1994 1999 2001 2002
“Leakage” into
Sand wedge
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Otway Basin Pilot Project - Australia
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Schlumberger Involved CO2 Projects
Sleipner
Weyburn
In Salah
Gorgon
Otway
FrioLost Hills
R&D Consortia and Projects
GCEP Stanford University
IPGP (France)
CO2CRC (Australia)
CO2ReMoVe (EU)
COSMOS-1 (France-Germany)
MOVECBM
Battelle (US-DOE)
Frio (US-Texas)
Otway (Australia)
CS Energy
CS Energy
PETRONASParticipation in international forums
Zero Emission Fossil Fuel Power Plant (EU)
Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum
IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D program
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
CO2 Sequestration Business - Challenges
Upstream
Transportation
EPC, Gas processing
R&D Technology
Asset Ownership
Policies
Awareness
Economic Incentive
Will of people
Need
PROJECT
Technical Capabilities Societal Factors
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
CCS in the Middle East
The region has huge storage capacity.
CO2 EOR can make sequestration economically attractive in the
short term.
Storing CO2 in carbonate reservoirs has not been done elsewhere,
and offer unique opportunities.
High volume demonstration projects needed
E&P industry could be a part of “Solution to Climate Change” issue
Schlumberger Carbon Services Middle East and Asia
Enhancing Global Energy Security, Role of Technology in the Petroleum Sector
Thank you