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Environmental Environmental FactorsFactors
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Plant life depends on light energy for food production through photosynthesis.
Plants convert the energy to a form of chemical energy.
Three key aspects of light effect plant growth
Color Duration Intensity
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Visible light (light we see) is a small segment of all the radiant energy (rays) given off by the sun.
Based on their wavelengths, the rays have been placed on an, Electromagnetic Spectrum.(clickclick)
Sunlight contains a blend of visible colors.
Each color has a slightly different wavelength
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Light qualityquality refers to the color or wavelength reaching the plant surface.
Sunlight can be broken up by a prism into respective colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. (ROY G BIVROY G BIV)
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R - Red and blue light have the greatest effect on plant growth.
O - Incandescent light is high in the red or orange range but generally produces too much heat to be a valuable light source.
Y - Yellow G - Green light is least effective to plants as most
plants reflect green light and absorb very little. It is this reflected light that makes them appear green.
B - Blue light is primarily responsible for vegetative growth or leaf growth.
I - Indigo V - Fluorescent "grow" lights have a mixture of
red and blue colors that attempts to imitate sunlight as closely as possible.
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The light reflected has little affect on the plant. In plants, blue & red have the greatest
influence on plant growth.
Blue:Blue:◦Effects photosynthesis
Red:Red:◦Effects flowering and growth
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Environmental Environmental FactorsFactors
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Plants are responsive to the length of time they are exposed to light.
A mechanism in the plant detects the length of the light period.
A plant’s response to the length of light is known as, Photoperiodism.
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Different plants respond differently to the duration of light.
Plants are broken into three categories:
Short-day plants (Long-nightsLong-nights): Initiate flowering as the night grow longer than 12 hours.
Long-day plants (Short-night periodShort-night period): Initiate flowering as the nights grow shorter than 12 hours.
Day-neutral plants (unaffectedunaffected) Are those plants that do not appear to respond to the change of day length.
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Short Day Plant
No No
critical
day le
ng
th
Flowers?
24 h
ou
rs
light
dark
Yes
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Long Day Plant
No
critic
al
day le
ng
th
Flowers?
24 h
ou
rs
light
dark
YesYes
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Environmental Environmental FactorsFactors
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Involves brightness.
Depends largely on the angle of the sun, clouds, and the dust in the atmosphere.
Measured in foot candlesIs the amount of light distributed by a single candle
one-foot away.
Light intensity is the greatest in the summer months.
All plants have different terms of light intensity.
Light intensity can influence plant development for better or for worse.
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-gFOnMwo3A&feature=relmfu
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UQ_QqtXoyQw
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LAB SHEETLAB SHEET
“How Do I Look in the Light?”