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Environmental Laws from the 1990s-2009
By Hudson Smith
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Energy Policy Act
• This act addresses energy production in the US including– Energy efficiency Renewable energy– Oil and gas, coal Tribal energy– Nuclear energy Hydrogen– Vehicles and motor fuels, including ethanolFirst omnibus legislation enacted in more than a decadeProvides loan guarantees for innovative technologies
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Children and • the Environment
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Federal Actions to address Environmental Justice in minority pop. And low income pop. 1994
• Purpose– Focus federal attention on the environment and
human health effects of federal actions on minority and low-income populations, with the goal of achieving environmental protection for all communities
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Protection of children from environmental health risks and safety risks
• Economically significant rules under E.O. 12866 that concern an environmental health or safety risk that EPA has reason to believe may disproportionately affect children
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WATERAND FOOD QUALITY
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Safe drinking water act
• Ensures the quality of Americans’ drinking water
• Issued 1996
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Food Quality Protection Act
• Requirements– Stricter safety standards– Complete reassessment of all existing pesticide
tolerances– Issued 1996
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Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
• Authorizes EPA to set maximum residue limits, for pesticide residue on foods
• Issued in 2002
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ENVIRONMENTAL WASTES
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Waste Reduction Act
• Reduce and prevent the production and disposal of waste
• Issued March 15, 1990
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Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
• Provides for federal regulation of pesticide distribution, sale, and use
• Issued 1996
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POLLUTION
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Oil Pollution Act
• Helped EPA’s ability to prevent and respond to catastrophic oil spills
• Issued in 1990
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Oil spill prevention and liability act
• Required new reforms for oil transportation, cleanups, and response capabilities
• Issued in 1990 because of the huge oil spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska (Exxon Valdez oil spill)
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Exxon Valdez oil spill
• 11 million gallons of oil spilled• 20% of cargo leaked out into surrounding
waters• oil spread out 1300 miles along the Alaskan
coast• 1604 birds rescued– 803 died– 801 put back into the wild
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Pollution Prevention Act
• Focused industry, government, and public attention on reducing the amount of pollution through cost-effective changes
• Issued in 1990
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PRESERVING THE ENVIRONMENT
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Environmental Education Act
• Developing and supporting programs to improve understanding of the natural and developed environment
• Relationships between humans and their environment
• issued November 16, 1990
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Great Lakes Critical Programs Act
• Establish and implement a fishery resources restoration, development and conservation program including hatchery production at a specified minimum level
• Conduct a wildlife species and habitat assessment survey in the lake’s basin
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California Desert Protection Act
• Federally owned lands of southern California constitute a wild land resource of extraordinary and inestimable value for current and future generations
• Issued 1994
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Coastal Development Act
• EPA is responsible for making any decisions that have to do with development along the coast
• Issued 1995