EQUIVAConstruction Camp
A Joint Project Among:
Shell
Texas A&M Construction Science
Texas Engineering Extension Service
Texaco
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
PLUMBING
• Objectives» Materials
» Code Considerations
» Plumbing• potable water supply
• Drain/Waste/Vent
» Drawing Interpretation• plan
• riser diagrams
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
General
• Potable - drinking water
• Hard - high calcium carbonate content, prefer < 200 ppm» softening improves sudsing -
zeolite treatment
• Flow Rate - gpm
• Head Pressure - column of water 1 foot high» 0.434 psi/ft (62.5/144)
• Mains Pressure - typ. 40 - 80 psi» pressure regulator, backflow
preventer
• Fixture Pressure - pressure required to operate a plumbing fixture
• Fixture Unit (FU); Drainage Fixture Unit (DFU)» weighted flow demand for a
plumbing fixture for supply (FU) and waste (DFU)
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Codes
• IPC and UPC - Which one?» International Plumbing Code is Endorsed by;
• Building Officials and Code Administrators International (BOCA)
• International Conference of Building Code Officials (ICBO)
• Southern Building Code Conference International (SBCCI)
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Codes
• UPC and IPC - Which one?» Uniform Plumbing and Uniform Mechanical
Codes are Endorsed by;• International Association of Plumbing and
Mechanical Officials (IAMPO)
• ICBO
• Key Point is to Make Sure You Know Which One is in Effect for Your Project!
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Materials and Methods
• Plumbing Design is Concerned with Piping Connections to Equipment» Water Service Pipes - copper, plastic, galvanized iron
» Water Distribution Pipe - copper, plastic, galvanized
» Above Ground Drainage and Vent Pipe - cast iron, type K, L, M, or DWV copper, galvanized, plastic
» Underground Building Drainage Pipe - plastic, cast iron
» Building Sewer Pipe - asbestos cement, cast iron, concrete, plastic, vitrified clay
» Building Storm Sewer Pipe - asbestos cement, cast iron, concrete, type K, L, M, or DWV copper, vitrified clay
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Piping
• HVAC and Plumbing Systems Have Common Types» Steel
• Galvanized and Black (gas) - fittings and welded
» Copper - usually soldered fittings• Type K, L, M
» Plastic• PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
• PB (polybutylene, grey)
• FRP (fiberglass-reinforced plastic)
• CPVC (chlorinated PVC)
• PE (polyethylene)
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Corrosion Protection
• Use Di-Electric fittings to avoid Galvanic Corrosion, (especially on brass/iron connections)
• Plastics are the only Pipe Materials that are simultaneously light, flexible, tough, and corrosion resistant
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Hardware
• Valves» Gate; shutoff /
isolation
» Ball; regulate flow
» Check; allows flow in one direction only
» Pressure Reducing
» Hose Bib; valve with hose connection
• Fittings & Accessories» Elbows, Tees, Flanges,
Couplings, Unions
» Air Management; air entrained in water can lead to “locks” in system
» Hammer Arrestor
» Trap Primer
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Fixtures
• Water Closet (WC)» vitreous china w/integral trap» wall and floor mount models» flush valve (commercial,
ready for immediate reuse)
• Water Cooler/Drinking Fountain» individual fountain w/self
contained water cooling units
• Sinks» lavatory, service, kitchen
• Urinal» similar to WC, siphon-jet,
blowout, washdown, wall mount
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Drain, Waste, Vent - DWV
• General Items» Floor Drain Vent Within 12 ft. of Drain
» No Drain Should Empty into a Smaller Drain
» Vent at Least 1/2 Diameter of Drain to Which it is Connected
» Not > 25% of Vent Length can be Horizontal
» Good to Use 4” VTR
» VTR Must Extend at Least 6” Above Roof, 12” is Better
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
DWV
• General Items» Don’t Locate VTR Near Air Intake
» Air Gaps at All Water Supply/Waste Outlets
» 4” Pipe Good Practice for W.C.
» Connection Between Building and Floor Drain not
Permitted by Some Codes
» Building Drain Must be 4” if WC is on System
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Fixture Components
• Trap» Prevent backflow of sewer
gas into the building space
• Air Gap» vertical separation
between water supply and fixture rim
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
DWV
• Trap Seal/Primer - prevents trap from drying out
• Clean Out (C.O.) - provides access to drainage stacks and
main horizontal branches for cleaning
• Materials
» Cast Iron, copper, clay, plastic, RCP
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Site Work
• Check Those Inverts!• Where is Tie-in?• Utility Coordination
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Storm Drainage
• Exterior Areas Require Drainage for Rain/Snow» roofs, patios, parking areas, roadways, landscaping, etc.
• Sizing of system depends on Rate rather than Total
• Size must be coordinated with public drain capability
• Codes dictate 1hr duration and 100 year event
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Rough-in
• Why do Dimensions Matter?
• Where are Fixtures to be Located?
• Does Everything Match?• Is Now the Time to Ask?
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Rough-in
• Do Dimensions Matter?
• Note Seal on PVC Waste Stack
• What Fixtures are Going in Here?
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Rough-in
• Backfill and Compacting. How Much?
• Soil in Pipe?• Was it Inspected and
Tested?
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Rough-in
• Floor Sinks in Right Location?
• Protection?• Is Anything Missing?• Is Now the Time To
Ask?
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Rough-in
• Why Should Dimensions Matter?
• Why Sleeve Copper Penetrations Through Concrete?
• What Fixture is Being Connected Here?
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Rough-in
• Was it Tested?• Did it Pass?• What Goes in Here?• Is Anything Missing?• Is Now the Time to Ask?
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Trim
• Cleanout Locations• UPC Section 406• 100 ft. max. Between
Cleanout Locations• 90° Changes
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Trim
• Double-Check Backflow Preventer
• Air-Gap Drain• Escutchen Plate• Ball Valves
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Trim
• Location, Location, Location
• Faucet Mounting• Air-Gap at Floor
Drain• CO at Drain
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Trim
• Air Gap Required at Food Prep Sinks
• UPC Section 601• Floor Sink vs. Floor
Drain
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Trim
• Floor Drain Location• Note Trap on
Condensate Drain• Funnel Aids With
Flow Control• Door Stop - For How
Long?
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Trim
• Condensate Drains from Interior Refrigeration Units
• Trapped at Floor Drain
• Check Slope
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Trim
• Dielectric Connections at Water Heater?
• Overflow Pan Drains to…?
• Pressure Relief Drains to…?
• Replace Plastic Drain Valve
• Adequate Clearances?
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Trim
• Filtered Water System Mounting
• Required Height?• Accessibility?• Serviceability?
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Project Documentation
• As Builts» What Did You Do That Was Different Than the
Contract Drawings?» Who Keeps Track During Construction?
• Other Important Documents» List of Contractors» Permits Issued» Construction Cost Information» Guarantees/Warrantees
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Project Documentation
• Daily Log Book» Weather» Contractors» Deliveries» % Work Completed» Problems» RFI, CO» Telecon, Meetings
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Safety
• OSHA and Record Keeping
• We Want to Avoid the High Cost of Accidents
• Who is Responsible for Jobsite Safety?
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Plumbing Below Grade
• Where are the VTRs?
• FD Locations? Trap Primers?
• City Water Utility Tie-in?
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Plumbing Above Grade
• Check Insulation on Exterior Pipes!
• Water and Gas Pressure?
• Pipe Supports
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Lab Exercises with Slick Powers
DWN: J. Bryant2/13/00
Scale: NTS
Date: 2/13/00REV. 1
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Lab Exercises with Slick Powers
DWN: J. Bryant2/13/00
Scale: NTS
Date: 2/13/00REV. 1
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Lab Exercises with Slick Powers
DWN: J. Bryant2/13/00
Scale: NTS
Date: 2/13/00REV. 1
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Lab Exercises with Slick Powers
DWN: J. Bryant2/13/00
Scale: NTS
Date: 2/13/00REV. 1
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Lab Exercises with Slick Powers
DWN: J. Bryant2/13/00
Scale: NTS
Date: 2/13/00REV. 1
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Lab Exercises with Slick Powers
DWN: J. Bryant2/13/00
Scale: NTS
Date: 2/13/00REV. 1
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Lab Exercises with Slick Powers
DWN: J. Bryant2/13/00
Scale: NTS
Date: 2/13/00REV. 1
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Lab Exercises with Slick Powers
DWN: J. Bryant2/13/00
Scale: NTS
Date: 2/13/00REV. 1
EQUIVACONSTRUCTION CAMPCOSC
Lab Exercises with Slick Powers
DWN: J. Bryant2/13/00
Scale: NTS
Date: 2/13/00REV. 1