Download - Erythroblastosis Foetalis
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P.X.Antony
Assistant Professor
Department of Microbiology
RAGACOVAS
PUDUCHERRY
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Rh Factor
Individuals whose red blood cells agglutinate
when mixed with antibodies to rhesus
monkey blood are called
rhesus positive (Rh+)
Individuals whose blood does not agglutinate
when mixed with antibodies to rhesus
monkey blood are called called
rhesus negative (Rh-)
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Rh Negative
(No agglutination)
Rh Positive
(agglutination)
Rh typing
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The Rh antigen is found on the red blood
cells of
85% of whites
96% of blacks and
99% of Asians
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If a Rh- mother becomes pregnant by a Rh+
father and If baby is Rh+
This means a Rh+ baby growing in a Rh-
mother.
At the time of birth some of the baby's blood
gets into the mother's circulation.
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This sensitizes the mother to Rh+ blood and
she produces anti-Rh+ antibodies.
These antibodies do not affect the first baby
as they are produced in her blood after this
baby is born.
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If she has a second pregnancy with a Rh+
baby her antibodies may cross the placenta
and destroy the baby's red blood cells.
This condition is called
erythroblastosis foetalis.
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Rh - Rh +
Rh +
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At the time of delivery
Rh + cells from foetus enters mother
Rh +
Rh -
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Mother develops antibodies
to Rh + cells from foetus
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Mother’s immune system
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Second Pregnancy
Rh +
Rh -
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Antibodies to Rh + cells enter
foetal circulation
Rh +
Rh -
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Excessive destruction of RBCs leads to jaundice
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The baby either suffers from jaundice
Anaemia
Lack of blood supply to brain leads
serious brain damages
Stillbirth
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These serious damages can only be
prevented by a complete exchange of the
newly born baby's blood.
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Treatment
Administration of Rhogam (antibodies
to Rh + cells) to mother just after
delivery of the first child
Rhogam neutralises Rh+ cells thus preventing
the production of anti-RH+ antibodies
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Thank you
Thank you
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