![Page 1: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ESE 111 -VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronics
VeryVeryLargeScaleIntegrationIntegration
The foundation of the information revolution
1Jan Van der [email protected] ESE111 -
![Page 2: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Electronics is everywhere -… IC for systems meeting society’s needs
2012 2(Source: C. Claeys, IMEC)ESE111 -
![Page 3: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Transformational effect
Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries, and societies
ld idworldwide.
New opportunities for socio-economic New opportunities for socio economic advances and human development have become feasible.
Lives of people all over the world have improved through advances in health care, safety education etcsafety, education, etc.
Wealth is being created in various parts of h ld
20123
the world. ESE111 -
![Page 4: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Microelectronics: present and future applications beyond computing
E H tiEnergy Harvesting
20124
(Source: C. Claeys, Proc. SACSST, April, 2009)
ESE111 -
![Page 5: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Couple of applications beyond ticomputing
8ESE111 -
![Page 6: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Health Care
i STAT S t
Abbott Point of Carei-STAT System
Patients point of CarePortable system with a broad menu of the most commonly-performed diagnostic tests. including g•cardiac markers, •blood gases, •chemistries and electrolytes, •lactate, coagulation, and hematology.
20129
http://www.abbottpointofcare.com/#
ESE111 -
![Page 7: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Body Sensor Network
201210ESE111 -
![Page 8: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Wearable electronics
Snowboard jacket with MP3-Bluetooth module Comments
•High-end snowboard jacket with integrated docking station for MP3-Bluetooth module
•Detachable module contains MP3 playerelectronics, Bluetooth headset functionality MMC and batteryfunctionality, MMC and battery
•Keypad and microphone are integrated into the garment
•Snowboard helmet with integrated h ill b il blearphones will be available as
accessory
2012 11
(Courtesy: W. Weber, Infineon)
ESE111 -
![Page 9: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Brain-Machine Interface
Wirelessly powered
201212(Jan Rabaey, Univ. Ca, Berkely)ESE111 -
![Page 10: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Electronic Stability Yaw Sensor ESP (Electronic Stability Program) application illustrated (Courtesy of Bosch)
Yaw Sensor Principle (Courtesy of Bosch)
201213ESE111 -
![Page 11: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Principle of yaw rate sensor
201214
Illustration: see http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Corioliskraftanimation.gif
ESE111 -
![Page 12: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Autonomous Sensor Technology:Energy Scavenging from human thermal energy
201217
SACSST, April 2009, Cape Town, C. Claeys
ESE111 -
![Page 13: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
L t t k t b k Lets take a step back …
18ESE111 -
![Page 14: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Wh t k thi ibl ?What makes this possible?
Basic building block: the Transistor
19ESE111 -
![Page 15: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Transistor as an AmplifierTransistor:
source
Transistor as amplifier
Symbol:
IdGate(valve)
Mike
Idinput
Mike
drain
output A transistor is an electronic, solid-state device that can
amplify an electric signal:
2012
Vout > Vin
Powerout > Powerin20ESE111 -
![Page 16: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Transistor as a Switch
Vin=5V Isource
Vin
Vin=5V
Gate(valve)
ID
Vin
05V
Vin=0V
Gate(valve)
Vin=0V
drainShut off valve
The gate (valve) is completely open or completely switched off
Thus, a transistor is an electronically controlled switch
2012
controlled switch
21ESE111 -
![Page 17: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Effect of the transistorAllowed the miniaturization of electronic circuits at higher performance (Eniac-on-a-chip,
Upenn, 1995, Van derSpiegel, et al.)
201222
Eniac, Upenn 1945 Pocket PC
ESE111 -
![Page 18: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Eniac-on-a-Chip
Computer Museum, Mountain View, CA
201223
Computer Museum, Mountain View, CA
ESE111 -
![Page 19: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
What is an IC?IC of Integrated Circuit: Miniaturized circuit of millions of tiny t ansisto s esisto s and capacito s on transistors, resistors, and capacitors on a silicon die.
Gate WirePackaged IC ChipPackaged IC ChipSILICON DIOXIDE
POLYSILICON
Wire
Gate Wireg pg p
Source
Wafer Wafer N-TYPE P-TYPE
DrainWire
2012
TransistorTransistorSILICON
P TYPESILICONIC DieIC Die
(IBM)Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia; Circuits – How electronic things work24ESE111 -
![Page 20: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Ten quintillion Ten quintillion:
10x1018
Is about the number grains of rice harvested in 2004
Number of transistors fab icated in 2004fabricated in 2004
In 2008: 1B transistors
2012
In 2008: 1B transistors fabricated/capita
25(Ed Lazowska, U. Wash, 2009)ESE111 -
![Page 21: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Integrated Circuit (IC) at the heart of the revolution
(Intel)
(IBM)
( )
Chips of ever increasing complexity
201227
Chips of ever smaller dimension
ESE111 -
![Page 22: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Chip complexity illustrated
Intel, 2-Billion Trans. ,Processor (Tukwila: Itanium processor);
201228
Compare to a street mapESE111 -
![Page 23: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The world of the very small
(IBM)
Submicron and nanoscale dimensions
201229ESE111 -
![Page 24: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Moore’s lawMoore’s Law: chip complexity doubles every
two yearstwo years
(courtesy: Dan Hutchinson)(courtesy: Dan Hutchinson)
EMTM640-1-30ESE111 -
![Page 25: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
40+ years of Moore’s law
From a few to over one billion transistor per chip
2012 (Source: Intel,Tahir Ghani) 31ESE111 -
![Page 26: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Silicon Nano-electronics
201232(K. Zhang, Intel) ESE111 -
![Page 27: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
SRAM Scaling
201233
(K. Zhang, Intel)
ESE111 -
![Page 28: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
How to realize such complex l t i t electronic systems
a. Designing of the systemb. Manufacturing
34ESE111 -
![Page 29: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Digital Components and Systems
Simple digital gates
Larger components: Half adder, full adder, …
Even larger blocks: Memory Multiplexers ALU, memory controller, etc
201236ESE111 -
![Page 30: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Transistors Form Basis for Logic Elements
Logic Operations and Symbols:Logic Operations and Symbols:
INVERTER NAND NOR EXNOR
AND OR EXOR
201237ESE111 -
![Page 31: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Simplest Logic Gate
Inverter
201238ESE111 -
![Page 32: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Digital Gate: Inverter
vin vout
R
5V
5Vvout
RLVout=0V
RL
Vin=5V
Vin 0
5V
out
NMOS 0
5V
in 05V
V =5V5VV t
Vin=0V
~
Vout=5V
05VVout
201239ESE111 -
![Page 33: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Other gates
A
B
RL
5VRL
5V
A
L
A
C
L
C
C = A BWith transistors AA C = A.B
B B
201240ESE111 -
![Page 34: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Other gates: NOR
A
R
5V 5VB
C = A+BWith transistors
RL RLC
A BA B
201241ESE111 -
![Page 35: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Arithmetic
Additions Subtractions MultipicationsAdditions, Subtractions, Multipications
A (1)Addition: A (1) CARRY (1)Addition: A: 1 B: + 1
B (1) SUM (0) ------- 1 0 ( )
SumCarry
201242ESE111 -
![Page 36: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Full Adder
Example: adding two 2-bit numbers: 11+01
Carry in1 bit slice Circuit for 1 bit slice:
CiA
+BC S
1 1+0 1
1 A
B
S
FACo S01 0
B
CiCo
FA
Carry out
201243ESE111 -
![Page 37: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Full Adder: single bit
AiBiGGiCircuit for 1 bit slice:
Ci
Pi
A
B
S
FA
?What is insidea Full Adder?Ci
CiCo
a Full Adder?
Ci+1
Si
201244ESE111 -
![Page 38: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
4-bit Ripple-Carry Binary Adder
A four-bit Ripple Carry Adder made from four 1-bit Full Adders: AiBibit Full Adders:
FA
AiBi
CiCi+1 FA
Si
201245ESE111 -
![Page 39: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Where to learn more about designing digital circuits?
ESE 170 and ESE 171
201246ESE111 -
![Page 40: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
ESE170: Principles of Digital DesignESE170: Principles of Digital DesignDeals with building blocks of digital systemsdigital systems
?
(Intel)
EMTM640-1-47ESE111 -
![Page 41: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
What comes after ESE170? –
A hi
Digital System Design: CSE371Microcontrollers: ESE350
Electronics/VLSI: ESE216
Architecture ALU RAM
Control
Microelectronics: ESE319Circuits/VLSI
ESE170 Chip design (VLSI): * Digital: ESE570* Analog: ESE419
Fabrication &Devices * Analog: ESE419
Devices: ESE218Devices
2012
Microfabrication: ESE46048ESE111 -
![Page 42: ESE 111 - VLSI d Mi l t iVLSI and Microelectronicsese111/guestspeakers/VLSI_ESE111_Sept... · Transformational effect Advances in Electronics have transformed businesses, industries,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070615/5c9ad4ba09d3f272758c8291/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Questions?
201249ESE111 -