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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 1
Federal Highway Research Institute
Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
Euro NCAPStatus of Activities for Improved Occupant Protection
Dipl.-Ing. Bernd LorenzHead of Section Passive Vehicle Safety, Biomechanics
WebEx Meeting on 8th of September 2010
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 2
Content
• Background / Current Assessment
• Child Safety Working Group
• Road Map
• Summary
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 2
Bernd Lorenz 3
Euro NCAP´s Members
Euro NCAP = European New Car Assessment Programme
8. September
Bernd Lorenz 4
Euro NCAP´s Members
• ADAC (Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil Club)
• BMVBS (German MOT represented by BASt)
• DfT (Department for Transport, UK)
• Dutch Ministry of Transport (NL)
• European Commission (no member !)
• FIA Foundation (Federation International de L´automobile)
• Generalitat de Catalunya (ES)
• ICRT (International Consumer Research and Testing)
• Ministère de l‘Equiment (F)
• SRA (Swedish Road Administration)
• Thatcham (representing British car insurers)
• Luxembourg (new member!)
7 Governments5 NGO´s
8. September
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 3
Bernd Lorenz 5
Euro NCAP Test Lab´s
• TRL (Transport Research Laboratory, UK)
• TNO (The Netherlands)
• BASt (Federal Highway Research Institute, Germany)
• ADAC (Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil Club, Germany)
• UTAC (France)
• IDIADA (Catalonia)
• Thatcham* (UK)
* Only Whiplash Tests
8. September
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 6
Adult Protection
Child Protection
Pedestrian
ProtectionSafety Assist
New Euro NCAP Rating System (4 Boxes Approach)
Background / Current Assessment
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 4
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 7
40 % Offset
Child SeatP 11/2, P3
Hybrid III
Frontal Impact
64 km/h
deformable Barriere
Side Impact
50 km/h
deformable Barrier950 kg
90°
Pedestrian Tests
ES-2
29 km/h
ØPf=254 mm
Pole Test
Crash Tests Euro NCAP
+ Whiplash
Background / Current Assessment
• Total of 262 CRS assessments performed
• Only 11 different child seats were tested
• Dominated by Britax-Roemer product
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 8
What seats are tested? (1)
(Based on 262 child seats tested between 2003 and 2008)
Background / Current Assessment
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 5
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 9
What seats are tested? (2)
• Group 0+: Britax BabySafe & Duo; Fair BimboFix & G 0/1
• Predominately but not exclusively tested RWF
Background / Current Assessment
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 10
What seats are tested? (3)
• Group 1: Britax Duo; Fair BimboFix & G 0/1
• Still predominately tested FWF
Klippan / Volvo
Background / Current Assessment
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 6
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 11
Observations
• Vehicle-CRS interface generally improved however still room
for improvement (standardization of ISOFix)…
• Affects only limited number of child seat manufactures and
even less CRS models
• Reflects a small, expensive segment of the total child seat
market only
• Impact on aftermarket and added value for consumer small
• Availability of (larger) rearward facing seats has not
significantly improved
• Potential for real-world pediatric neck injury reductions has
not been materialized
Background / Current Assessment
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 12
Can we explain what we see?
• Child protection often an “afterthought” – not seen as strong
selling point or business to OEM
• Protocol requires that OEM recommends seats
• OEM needs reliable partner to guarantee good result
• “Proven” seats represent low risk in failing requirements (in
particular with respect to labeling requirements, etc.) – 4
stars! (old rating)
• Protocol lacks clear incentive to promote RWF and ISOFix
(e.g. no front seat dynamic assessment)
Background / Current Assessment
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 7
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 13
Other concerns…
• Does consumer understand the rating is valid only for car-
CRS combination?
• Limitations in biofidelity of dummies and biomechanical basis
of criteria
• Focus only on younger children (protection of rear seat
occupants!)
• Does not adequately address real-world misuse and usability
• Too much emphasis on labeling and marking?
• “Horrific” assessment protocol
Background / Current Assessment
DresdenTUD
HannoverMHH
since 1999
since 1973
GIDAS German InGIDAS German In--DepthDepth AccidentAccident StudyStudy
In-Depth Research Teams Germany
8. September 14Bernd Lorenz
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 8
Technical University Dresden
Medical University Hannover Cooperation
BAStBASt / / FATFAT
GIDAS German In-Depth Accident Study
2000 case documentations
per year
8. September 15Bernd Lorenz
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 16
Doc Fi-07-03e Frontal Impact Group
European Commission frontal impact accident analysis study –
Initial results and way forwards;
David Richards on behalf of TRL, BASt and LAB
Frontal Impact dataset (2008) GB and FR)
Rear seat occupants 9-10% of fatalities in frontal impacts
Background / Accident Data
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 9
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 17
Opportunities to Improve Rear Seat Child Safety; K. Digges, E. Sahraei, R. Samaha; Protection of children in cars, 2009
Findings:
• The benefit of the rear seat position has decreased in recent model year vehicles
• Paired comparison of FARS 1991-2007:
all vehicle model years:fatality effectiveness of rear seat protection, compared to front seat protection: about 50% for restraint children < 8 yearsabout 30% for restraint children 9 – 15 years
model years 2000 and later:
average rear seat effectiveness was less than 10% (not statistically significant)
Background / Accident Data
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 18
Opportunities to Improve Rear Seat Child Safety; K. Digges, E. Sahraei, R. Samaha; Protection of children in cars, 2009
Reasons:
• newer vehicles have become stiffer
• safety design of newer vehicles may be beneficial to front occupants (advanced air bag- and belt systems)
• advanced restraint technology has not been introduced in the rear seat
Background / Accident Data
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 10
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 19
GIDAS
• All accidents in GIDAS from 2001 to 2008:
All All [%] Fatal [%]
Driver 14866 68% 77,9%
FrontPassenger
4605 21% 13,9%
RearPassenger
2397 11% 8,2%
Total 21868 100% 100%
Background / Accident Data
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 20
GIDAS
• Rear Passenger Fatally Injured:
8.2% of all fatally injured are rear seat
occupants
70% olderthan 12 years
20% between 7 and 12 years 10%
between 0 and 6 years
Background / Current Assessment
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 11
Increase of vehicle structural stiffness –2000 up to 2006 models from EuroNCAP frontal ODB tests
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 21
B pillar simplified deceleration pulse vs time
Background / Current Assessment
Rear seat occupant loads are increasingExample: chest acceleration MPV (2003) vs. MPV (2006)
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 22
• Same CRS• Same vehicle model• P3 Chest Acceleration + 35%
Background / Current Assessment
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
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8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 23
Conclusions
• Current system falls short of expectation
• A more balanced approach is required involving main
stakeholders (OEM, CRS suppliers and consumers)
• An alternative approach is technically and logistically feasible
-> Need for Change!
Background / Current Assessment
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 24
Content
• Background / Current Assessment
• Child Safety Working Group
• Road Map
• Summary
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 13
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 25
How can we improve?
Child Safety Working Party
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 26
Objective
• Improve child protection assessment within Euro NCAP by:
– Enhance the relevance to real-world by including better
tools, addressing all relevant child ages and adding
misuse and ease-of-use aspects
– Putting equal pressure on all stakeholders in accordance
to their responsibility
– Promoting rearward facing seats for taller children (up to
about 3 years) and ISOFix usage
– In support of regulatory developments
Child Safety Working Group
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 14
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 27
Topics for discussion
• Separation of CRS assessment from car assessment for
smaller children
• Independent CRS classification including misuse, ease-of-
use and dynamic results
• Replace younger children by older children in the dynamic
car test
• Base car assessment on CRS-car interface, front/side
dynamic score older children and vehicle based
assessment
Child Safety Working Group
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 28
• Mandated by BoD in June 2009
• Chaired by Bernd Lorenz (BASt)
• Secretary Britta Schnottale (BASt)
• Delegates/members:
Child Safety Working Group
• Andreas Ratzek / Volker Sandner (ADAC)• Jim Hand (DfT) • Rob Wegman (Dutch MOT)• Michiel van Ratingen / James Ellway (Euro NCAP)• Ronald Vroman (ICRT)• Hans Ammerlaan (RDW) • Anders Lie (SRA)• Francois Minne (UTAC)• Fahrid Bendjellal / Francois Renaudin (CLEPA)• Christoph Weimar / Joachim Fausel (ACEA/JAMA/KAMA)
• Meetings:
– 1st July 2009
– 29th September 2009
– 23rd November 2009
– 16th February 2010
– 15th April 2010
– 1st/2nd June 2010 Workshop
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 15
Euro NCAP Road Map
2010-2015
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 29
Euro NCAP Roadmap
• Strategic agenda and the Roadmap
• Latest developments
– Adult occupant protection
– Heavy vehicles
– Child safety
– Pedestrian Safety
– Primary Safety & ADAS
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 30
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
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Strategic Agenda
• Link society‘s safety ambitions and targets to the activities of Euro NCAP
• Realize the full potential of the overall rating system
• Particular attention to advanced safety systems
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 31
Key Initiatives 2010-2015
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 32
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
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Adult Occupant Protection
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 33
• Review of frontal and side impact test procedures – Box 1 & 2
Car occupant fatalities 2008(Germany, N=2368)
� Accidents and societal trends
� New biomechanical tools,
criteria, etc.
� Changing regulations
(e.g. R94, R44)
• Broaden scope to N1 based vehicles
Adult Occupant Protection
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 34
• Scenarios under review
� Adding full width frontal test
� Using 5th and 50th percentile dummies
� WorldSID for side impact
� Include adult rear seat protection
• WP on front and side impact reports in November 2010 – WG’s start in 2011
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 18
Child Protection
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 35
• Improve child protection assessment
� Enhance relevance to real-world by including
better tools, addressing all relevant child ages
and adding misuse and ease-of-use aspects
� Promoting rearward facing seats (up to about 3
years) and ISOFix usage
� In support of regulatory developments (i-Size)
Child Protection
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 36
• Cooperation with ETC (and possibly others)
• Use CRS consumer ratings to identify “best performing child seats” available on European market
• Re-focus on CRS compatibility, vehicle assessment and dynamic results
• Promote rear seat occupant protection (adults/taller children)
• Add luggage loading requirements
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
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European Test Consortium for CRS
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 37
Child ProtectionConcept of New Assessment
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 38
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 20
Child Protection – Best Pick
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 39
• Best/good performing seats of ETC-Tests
– Dynamic assessment in frontal and side test
– Misuse and handling test
• European market
• Variant CRS seat types, like ISOFix, belted,
support leg, top tether ...
• All weight classes covered, group 0 towards
group III, plus combinations
• List to be published and annually reviewed
Child Protection – Top Pick List
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 40
9 best/good performing seats based on ETC assessment selected during workshop for try out
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
Bernd Lorenz 21
Child Protection –Example from Top Pick List
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 41
• Group 0+ infant carrier
� Central Europe and southern Europe
� Different solutionso Without base
o With belted base (with/without support leg)
o With ISOFix base and support leg
8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 42
Content
• Background / Current Assessment
• Child Safety Working Group
• Road Map
• Summary
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Federal Highway Research InstituteBundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
02.09.2010
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8. SeptemberBernd Lorenz 43
Summary
• There is a need for improvement
• New rating system is powerful
• Road Map shows the goals for 2010-2015
• Working groups on Child Safety and Frontal &
Side Impact will work in close cooperation
• Exchange of information with other stakeholders
is welcome
Bernd Lorenz 448. September
Thank you for your attention !