Download - Europe: Physical Geography
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Europe: Physical Geography
Notes
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Europe
• 2nd smallest continent• Shares land mass with Asia• Known as a “Peninsula of peninsulas” =
encouraged sea travel and trade
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The Shape of Europe
• Collection of peninsulas: – Scandinavian– Jutland– Iberian– Apennine – Balkan– Crimean– Anatolian– Peloponnesian
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The Shape of Europe
•Long jagged coastline •Surrounded by:Atlantic OceanMediterranean SeaNorth SeaBaltic Sea
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The Shape of Europe
• Scandinavian peninsula has narrow inlets called fjords
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Northern Peninsulas
Jutland Peninsula
Scandinavian Peninsula
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Southern Peninsulas
Iberian Peninsula
Apennine Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula
AnatoleanPeninsula
CrimeanPeninsula
Peloponnesian Peninsula
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Mountains & Plains: “Giant Sandwich”
• Northern Mts – older (top piece of bread)_• Southern Mts – Younger & Steeper (bottom piece)
1. Alps – Spain to Greece-N2. Pindus, Pyrenees, & Apennines – all shaped
by glaciers-S• North European Plain: Major agriculture area
(France to Poland) – (middle of sandwich)
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The Land of Europe• North European Plain
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The Land of Europe
• Dense Forests
• Black Forest in Germany
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Moutains
&
Peaks
Alps Mts.Pyrennes Mts.Apennines Mts.
Dinaric Alps
Carpathian Mts.Caucasus Mts.
Ural Mts.
Mt. Etna ^
Mt. Vesuvius ^Mt. Olympus ^
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The Alps
Cover most of Switzerland, Austria, and parts of Italy and France.
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Mt. Blanc in the Alps
Highest mountain in the Alps: 15,771 feet
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The Caucasus Mountains
The origin of the word Caucasian.
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Transylvania in the Carpathian Mountains
Home of Vlad Tepeš, the Drakul (“Count Dracula”)
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Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide”
Divides the European and Asian sections of Russia.
1500
mile
s
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The Ural Mountains
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Pyrenees Mountains- Spain and France
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Glaciers
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Seas & Oceans
• Following Seas & Oceans touch Europe:– Baltic, North, Mediterranean, & Black– Atlantic & Artic
• Most Europeans live within 300 miles of major waterways.
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Bodies
of
Water
Mediterranean Sea
North Sea
AtlanticOcean Baltic
Sea
BlackSea
AegeanSea
Adriatic Sea
Strait ofGibraltar
ArcticOcean
English Channel
CaspianSea
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Islands & Rivers
• Iceland – volcanic activity• British Isles- Great Britain (England & Scotland) &
Ireland• Several in Mediterranean Sea: • Rivers- good for trade, transportation (linked by
canals), irrigation, and electricity production. – Rhine, Danube, Po, Siene, Thames, Rhone, Elle, Loire,
Tiber, & Vulga
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Rhine River
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Rhine River Map
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The Danube River
1770 miles
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The Danube River
Flows through the 12 countries of Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Romania, and the Ukraine.
Where Buda & Pest MeetBiking Along
the Danube
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The Volga River
The longest river in Europe --> 2,300 miles.
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The Volga River
e The river is so polluted that the sturgeon catch has been decreased by 60%.
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Resources
• Energy– Nuclear Power, Hydroelectric, Gas & Coal
• Rich farmlands in North European Plain• Waterways• Minerals– Coal & Iron– goods needed for the growth of the
modern industrial age. (1800’s Industrial Revolution)
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