Download - EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB
![Page 1: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 1
Low Voltage ProductsEV charging infrastructureSolution for AC charging
D. Malacalza, J. Fan, ABB Low Voltage Installation Materials Ltd (Beijing), Aug 2011
![Page 2: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 2
EV ChargingContent
§ Overview§ AC charge pole definition§ AC charge pole development§ Solution from ABB LV Installation materials,
Beijing
![Page 3: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
© ABB Group May 6, 2016 | Slide 3© ABB Group May 6, 2016 | Slide 3
BackgroundEnvironmental concerns
Road transport is an increasing source of CO2 emissions
Annu
al e
mis
sion
of C
O2
in G
igat
ons
Electricity plants
Industry (excl. cement)Road transportResidential and service sectorDeforestation OthersRefineries etc
International transport
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
01970 1980 1990 2000
Source: IPCC “Mitigationof Climate Change”,Cambridge UniversityPress, 2007
![Page 4: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
© ABB Group May 6, 2016 | Slide 4
Lochner-Porsche 1stPHEV
GMXP883electricmotorpoweredthecaruntilitreached16km/h,atwhichpointthegasolineenginewouldkickinwhenrunninginhybridmode.
EsoroH301 bytheSwisscompanyEsoroAG.9kWhNi-Cdbatterycouldberecharged in4hfroma220velectricalwalloutlet,orinabout2hatasteadyspeedof120km/h.
Audi Duo twiceexpensiveA4diesel
Renault Kangoo onboard3.5kWchargercouldchargeadepletedbatterypackinabout4hfrom220volts.
ToyotaPrius+ hada15kmrangeusingLead-acidbatterypack.Calcarsinitiative
ToyotaPrius hadaA123Li-ionpack
for25km
Chevrolet Volthada65kmrangeusingLi-ionbatterypack.Starts2010
ManycarmanufacturersannouncedcommercializationofPHEVin2009-2010:Toyota,GM,VW,Mazda
Theelectricautomobileisinitsheyday.Ofthe4,192carsproducedintheUS28%arepoweredbyelectricity,andelectricautosrepresentabout1/3ofallcarsfoundontheroadsofNewYorkCity,Boston,andChicago.
Theelectric carceasestobeaviablecommercialproduct.Theelectric car'sdownfallisattributable toanumberoffactors,includingthedesireforlongerdistancevehicles, theirlackofhorsepower,andthereadyavailabilityofgasoline.
1890 1900 1920
Concernsaboutthesoaringpriceofoilandagrowingenvironmentalmovement resultinrenewed interestsinelectriccarsfrombothconsumersandproducers.
VanguardCitiCar hadatopspeedof50km/handareliablewarm-weatherrangeof65km.
19701974
GMEV1 hadarangeof260 kmwithNi-MHbattery
1994 1997 1999
REVAiisthebestsellingEV (lead-acidbattery, topspeed80km/h,range80km,recharge time8h,priceinUK≈12000€
2001 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2010
SmartEV (zebrabattery,topspeed120km/h,range110km,rechargetime8h)
Mitsubishi iMiEV (16kWhLi-ionbattery,topspeed130
km/h, range130km)Nissan,Toyota,GM,Mitsubishiand11newcompaniesplanningtoofferhighway-capableEVwithinafewyears.
ZENN (lead-acidbattery, topspeed40km/h,range60km, recharge time8h,15000$
Background Electric vehicles history
![Page 5: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
© ABB Group May 6, 2016 | Slide 5
Description Installation
Slow charging(on-board)
Individual poles at home or at parking lotsFull battery charge >6 hours
2 - 4 kW, normal residential & office installationsSmall converters
Fast charging(on-board)
Special charging stations / special equipment at homeNow fastest charge ca. 30 min, typical 1 hr
7.2 - 43 kWOnboard converter becomes expensive component for higher powers
Fast and Ultra-fast charging(off-board)
Special charging stations (option: integration of energy storage)Concept to reduce charging time to ca. 6 minutes – near parity with ICE refueling
50 - 250 kW+Off-board DC convertersImproved performance, lower system costs
Battery replacement
Stations for replacement of depleted batteries Main application: highways
Larger stations on the MW rangeMV installations and larger convertersVision: robotic solution to replace batteries
BackgroundCharging methods
![Page 6: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 6
EV ChargingCharging station scheme
Power LineData Line
Company server
server
Charging station
Charge pole(s)
![Page 7: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
© ABB Group May 6, 2016 | Slide 7
Our offeringEV charging infrastructure solution
Substation Network mngt,authentication & billing
Renewable energysources
Public ACcharging pole3-20kW
DomesticAC wallbox
3 - 4 kWPublic DCcharging station50 - 300 kW
Energystorage & power quality
Battery swap stations for public transportation
Linking charging infrastructure to Building-Energy-Mgmt-Systems
Used car batteries as central storage capacity
Storage of peak supply power in car batteries (V2G)
![Page 8: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 8
EV ChargingContent
§ Overview§ AC charge pole definition§ AC charge pole development§ Solution from ABB LV Installation materials,
Beijing
![Page 9: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 9
EV Charging poleCar Charging Outlet Unit (charger) - Definition
§ A charger is an access point to electric power.§ The access is provided through a plug and socket combination.§ The energy consumption is measured by an electric meter function.§ The energy flow is controlled by a switching device (on/off)§ The charger (socket) is protected by short circuit, overload and residual
current protection.§ Overvoltage protection by surge protection devices can be provided if
required.§ Authentication devices (RFID transponder/tag, credit card reader)§ A communication function (eg. GPRS) exchanges information between
charger and system.§ A control function does:
§ authentication (in interaction with the management system),§ provides the measured/consumed charged electricity to the
management system,§ provides monitoring/diagnostics of the charger
§ Above components are housed in a charge pole
![Page 10: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 10
EV Charging poleClassification of Charge spots
§ Home/residential
§ In-house (garage) or outdoor (street parking, car port)
§ No authentication necessary
§ Energy measurement (sub-metering) and control part of the SmartHome
§ Few charge points per home / flat
§ Business, Public (outdoor, indoor)
§ Company parking
§ Public building, stores, malls
§ Car parks
![Page 11: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 11
EV ChargingContent
§ Overview§ AC charge pole definition§ AC charge pole development§ Solution from ABB LV Installation materials,
Beijing
![Page 12: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 12
The product structure of a charge pole can be broken down in the following functional areas:
§ Standard components for electrical distribution (RCBO, MCB, etc)
§ Standard components for automation/communication (PLC, Meter, KNX modules, etc.)
§ Socket outlet / Coupler§ Additional functions (authentication, communication, HMI, etc)
§ System Integration level 1: communication with PLC
§ System Integration level 2: user interface, billing
§ External case
Development of a charge pole is organized accordingly
AC Charging poleCharge pole structure
![Page 13: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
© ABB Group May 6, 2016 | Slide 13
§ IEC Standards:§ IEC 61851-1/2§ IEC 62196-2
§ China:§ China: GB/T XXXX – 201X Electric Vehicle Conductive Charge
Coupler (draft version).§ China: GB/T XXXX – 201X Communication Protocols between
Battery Management System and Off-board Charger for Electric Vehicles (draft version)
§ ……§ America/Japan:
§ SAE J1772 (medium on-board: 3-4 h)§ CHADEMO (TEPCO/Japan: fast off-board: <30 min)
EV Charging Pole Standardization issue
![Page 14: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 14
NL3L2L1
AC charge pole Block diagram
MCB = Miniature Circuit BreakerRCBO = Residual Current operated circuit Breakers with Overcurrent protectionPWR = Power Supply 230 V AC / 24 V DC
Socket outlet
PE
P
PN
N
PE
P
P
P
N
N
N
RFID tag, credit card, etc.
GPRS, Power Line, etc.
Sensors, cooling, heating
car communication
Con
nect
or
Mai
n Sw
itch
MC
B 1A
RC
BO 1
0 A
/ 16
A, 3
0 m
AR
CBO
32
A,30
mA
Elec
trici
tyM
eter
Elec
trici
tyM
eter
Con
tact
orC
onta
ctor
Control
Authentication
Communication
PWR
Auxiliary
![Page 15: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
AC500-eCo PLC§ Authentication of the user by
RFID-chip, verification with service provider, allow or refuse charging
§ Read out of charged electricity and communicate it with the service provider using wireless GPRS communication or build-in Ethernet (cable) or other fieldbus
§ Load control and charger status (available, occupied, out of service, charge current)
§ Communication with the Electric Vehicle for safe connection and correct charging
§ Allows remote diagnostic of charger
GPRS-modem
AC500-eCo
RFID authentication
RCD automatic reset and remote
DS200 RCD with automatic reset and remote control
§ Either resets automatically in a defined sequence or controlled by the AC500
§ Monitoring if tripped
Electricity meter§ Measures the charged electric
power (single phase or 3-phase)
§ Measures actual line voltage and actual charge current
Electricity meter
AC Charge poleDistribution/automation components
![Page 16: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
§ Electronic meter with four quadrant metering meaning that the meter can measure both imported as well as exported energy for active or active and reactive energy
§ Type approved according to international standards. Approved according to MID
§ Class B and A according to EN 50470-1, -3, Class 1 and 2 according to IEC
§ Remote reading via pulse output or communication
§ Communication via infrared port or via built-in interface Communication modules that connect via infrared port to the meter for remote reading and setting of data in the meter
AC Charge poleElectricity meter
![Page 17: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
User identification and authorization to charge could be managed through:
§ Sinopec card (中国石化加油卡)
§ ATM card (connection to the bank server required)
§ Beijing “all-in-one” card (市政交通一卡通)
§ Credit card (VISA, AMEX, etc)
§ Any other system to be defined according to the local habits/needs
AC Charge pole Authentication (example)
![Page 18: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
AC500 PLC§ Scalable control
§ Wide choice of communication and field bus couplers
§ User-selectable coupler types for simultaneous operation
§ Fast replacement thanks to plug-in modules
§ A single software package for the entire range
§ Seamless integration of control system and field devices
AC Charge pole Automation/control
![Page 19: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 19
Highlights in AC charge pole product development
§ Current market evolution doesn’t allow to define a specific charge pole suitable to any installation
§ Functional areas are well identified
§ The type of component suitable to satisfy the specific function can change according to the needs of the installation under consideration
§ All the charge pole components are available on the market
AC Charge pole Product Development
![Page 20: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 20
AC Charge pole Product Development
Reference standards
§ IEC 62196 (Plugs, socket-outlets and vehicle inlets –Conductive charging of electrical vehicles)
§ IEC 61851 (Electrical Vehicle Conductive Charging System)
§ China: GB/T XXXX – 201X Electric Vehicle Conductive Charge Coupler (draft version).
§ China: GB/T XXXX – 201X Communication Protocols between Battery Management System and Off-board Charger for Electric Vehicles (draft version)
§ Other standards (i.e. SAE, UL where required)
![Page 21: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 21
EV ChargingContent
§ Overview§ AC charge pole definition§ AC charge pole development§ Solution from ABB LV Installation materials,
Beijing
![Page 22: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 22© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 22
ABB LV Installation Materials AC charger Product characteristics
§ Charging voltage: 200-240VAC
§ Charging current:16 / 32A
§ Protection: IP44
§ Charging interface: 7 pins
§ User authentication: RFID
§ Residual current: 30mA
§ Surge protection function
§ Bill printing function
§ HMI display
Function can be specialized according to customer’s requirement
![Page 23: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 23© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 23
ABB LV Installation Materials AC charger Product appearance
![Page 24: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 24© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 24
n ABB PLC (PM564-T-ETH CPU) act as central control unit
ABB PLC
Phys. interface Protocol
IEEE 802.3 M-Bus
RS485 Proprietary
DO control N/A
RS485 Proprietary
GB/T XXXX-201X 5.2.1 N/A
RS485 Modbus
Authentication (RFID)
Electricity Meter
Communication with Sever (GPRS/Internet)
Contactor
PWM signal
HMI
Device
ABB LV Installation Materials AC charger System Integration – Interface and Protocols
![Page 25: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 25
Main functions of the user interface:§ User authentication through RFID§ Lock/Unlock door to access the socket outlet
§ Different charging solutions available for billing: the user select which charging solution is the most suitable:
§ Power (input of the kWh needed)§ Time (input of the duration of the charge)§ Money (input of the amount of money to be charged)§ Full charging ( Charging until Battery is full)
§ Charging status with posibility to stop the operation§ Printing of the invoice/result of the charging operation if
requested
ABB LV Installation Materials AC charger System Integration – Interface and Protocols
![Page 26: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 26© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 26
ABB LV Installation Materials AC charger System Integration – User interface
![Page 27: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 27© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 27
ABB LV Installation Materials AC charger System Integration – User interface
![Page 28: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 28© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 28
ABB LV Installation Materials AC charger System Integration – User interface
![Page 29: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 29© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 29
ABB LV Installation Materials AC charger System Integration – User interface
![Page 30: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 30© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 30
ABB LV Installation Materials AC charger System Integration – User interface
![Page 31: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 31© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 31
ABB LV Installation Materials AC charger System Integration – User interface
![Page 32: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 32© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 32
ABB LV Installation Materials AC charger System Integration – User interface
![Page 33: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 33© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 33
EV Charging AC Charge pole – Product Offer
Bas
ic
func
tiona
litie
s
Com
plet
e po
le
Protection
Socket Outlet
Automation/Control
PLC Integration
Authentication/CommunicationUser Interface Integration
External case
The current product structure will allow to organize an offer fitting to all the possible customer needs
![Page 34: EV infrastructure - AC charger ABB](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042600/58706f251a28ab48378b71e3/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
© ABB Group 2009-07-14 | Slide 34