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ExoplanetsAstr 101, Fall 2014
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Exoplanets : outline
1) Why should we look for them2) Types of exoplanets discovered3) Detection methods4) Planetary atmospheres5) Habitable zones6) Future
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Understanding formation of planets
- can we predict that SS should be the way it is from first principles and knowledge of all boundary conditions?
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Why look for exoplanets?
To answer questions:- Are planets common or rare? - How do they form ? - How do they depend on location in the Galaxy, etc.
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Exoplanets : outline
1) Why should we look for them2) Types of exoplanets discovered3) Detection methods4) Planetary atmospheres5) Habitable zones6) Future
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Diversity of Exoplanets
SizeDistance from a star
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Multi-planet systems
Number of planets (here Kepler 11-b)
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Exoplanets : outline
1) Why should we look for them2) Types of exoplanets discovered3) Detection methods4) Planetary atmospheres5) Habitable zones6) Future
![Page 9: Exoplanets - UW Blogs Networkblogs.uw.edu/suberlak/files/2013/09/Astr_101_Exoplanets1.pdf · Exoplanets : outline 1) ... * simulator: . ... Habitable Zone . Could we live there? Exoplanets](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051509/5ae6a41c7f8b9aee078d2e62/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Direct imaging
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Direct imaging
HR 8799
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Gravitational Microlensing
- planet bends light from distant stars, and makes them appear brighter
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Transits
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Transits: limitations
- easier to detect bigger planets - why?- require particular alignment of the planetary orbital plane and our line of sight
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Radial velocity
Detect the wobble of the star, as they both orbit the common center of mass
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Radial velocity
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Radial Velocity
* simulator: http://astro.unl.edu/naap/esp/animations/radialVelocitySimulator.html
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Exoplanets : outline
1) Why should we look for them2) Types of exoplanets discovered3) Detection methods4) Planetary atmospheres5) Habitable zones6) Future
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Transmission spectroscopy
Light contains many wavelengths , with useful information
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Atmospheric properties
Questions to answer:
- what molecules are there ?- temperature profile ?- the structure of the atmosphere (clouds, hazes)
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Problems with spectra
- Lots of noise - models are degenerate
GJ 1214b models: H dominated H with clouds Water dominated
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Exoplanets : outline
1) Why should we look for them2) Types of exoplanets discovered3) Detection methods4) Planetary atmospheres5) Habitable zones6) Future
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Habitable Zone
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Could we live there?
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Exoplanets : outline
1) Why should we look for them2) Types of exoplanets discovered3) Detection methods4) Planetary atmospheres5) Habitable zones6) Future
![Page 25: Exoplanets - UW Blogs Networkblogs.uw.edu/suberlak/files/2013/09/Astr_101_Exoplanets1.pdf · Exoplanets : outline 1) ... * simulator: . ... Habitable Zone . Could we live there? Exoplanets](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051509/5ae6a41c7f8b9aee078d2e62/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Future
Thirty Meter Telescope Giant Magellan Telescope
- more resolution- more planets- more science!
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Questions?