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Exposure and Effects Workgroup
Study Ideas 2010
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Five-Year Plan: Risk to Birds
• Is there clear evidence of pollutant effects on survival, reproduction, or growth of individual birds?
• Are pollutants in the Bay adversely affecting bird populations?
• Do spatial patterns in accumulation indicate particular regions of concern?
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Five-Year Plan: Risk to Birds
• Is there clear evidence of pollutant effects on survival, reproduction, or growth of individual birds?– Yes for Hg
• How do the threshold numbers being developed relate to egg monitoring threshold in TMDL (0.5 mg/kg ww)?
– No for emerging chemicals such as PBDEs
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Five-Year Plan: Risk to Birds
• Are pollutants in the Bay adversely affecting bird populations? – Don’t know
• Do spatial patterns in accumulation indicate particular regions of concern? – Maybe. SBSP work/ Calfed suggests high
marshes have higher concentrations of Hg in birds. Don’t know for other contaminants.
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Five-Year Plan: Risk to Birds
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Five-Year Plan: Risk to Benthos• What are spatial and temporal patterns of
impacts of sediment contamination on benthic biota?
• Which pollutants are responsible for observed impacts on benthic biota?
• Are the toxicity tests, benthic community assessment approaches, and the overall SQO assessment framework we are using reliable indicators of impacts of benthic biota?
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Five-Year Plan: Risk to Benthos• What are spatial and temporal patterns of
impacts of sediment contamination on benthic biota?– Maybe. SQO identified areas of concern. S&T
benthic work will provide more information.
• Which pollutants are responsible for observed impacts on benthic biota? – Not sure. Further development of TIEs will help.
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Five-Year Plan: Risk to Benthos• Are the toxicity tests, benthic community assessment
approaches, and the overall SQO assessment framework we are using reliable indicators of impacts of benthic biota? – Yes consensus that we are best available methods for
sediment toxicity• Recommendation to consider switching to fw test organisms in
rivers
– Benthic assessments to be refined through benthic workshops
– Need to coordinate on SQO assessment approaches/techniques
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Five-Year Plan: Risk to Benthos
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Five-Year Plan: Risk to Fish• Are pollutants, individually or in combination,
reducing reproductive ability, growth, and health of sensitive fish populations?
• What are appropriate thresholds of concern for contaminant concentrations for Bay species?
• What are cost-effective indicators for monitoring effects of contaminants on fish populations?
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Five-Year Plan: Risk to Fish• Are pollutants, individually or in combination,
reducing reproductive ability, growth, and health of sensitive fish populations?– Maybe. POD. Reduced fish runs.
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Five-Year Plan: Risk to Fish• What are appropriate thresholds of concern
for contaminant concentrations for Bay species?– Working on PAHs– Need to develop for other compounds such as
ECs
• What are cost-effective indicators for monitoring effects of contaminants on fish populations? – Working on hormone systems– Need to develop methods for inclusion in S&T
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Five-Year Plan: Risk to Fish
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Patterns in Foodwebs - Small fish
• Where is mercury entering the food web?
• What factors contribute to uptake?
• Are there trends in MeHg bioaccumulation based on restoration activities?
• What are the best monitoring tools for characterizing MeHg bioaccumulation?
• $150K thru 2010
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Patterns in Foodwebs - Small fish
• Where is mercury entering the food web?
• What factors contribute to uptake?
• Are there trends in MeHg bioaccumulation based on restoration activities?
• What are the best monitoring tools for characterizing MeHg bioaccumulation?
• $150K thru 2010Too soon to tell
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Study ideas for 2010
• Avian effects: Development of thresholds– Augmenting USGS Clapper rail study?
• Avian effects: Development of thresholds– Ratner et al PBDE studies?
• Benthos: Development LC-50 data; continuation of sediment TIE development; develop sed. toxicity strategy thru workgroup
• Benthos: Pyrethroids and TIEs?
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Study ideas for 2010
• Fish effects: Development of thresholds– ?
• Fish effects: Development of indicators for S&T
• Fish effects: Bioassays (outcome of EC white paper?)
• Foodweb: Understanding source of Hg– Sediment? Water column?
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Patterns in Foodwebs - Egg Monitoring
• Are cormorant and tern egg monitoring valuable indicators of long-term trends?
• Which emerging contaminants accumulate to appreciable concentrations in cormorant eggs?
• Are particular regions of the Bay margin of special concern for Hg accumulation in Forester Terns?
• $90K every three years (starting in 2009)
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Patterns in Foodwebs - Egg Monitoring
• Are cormorant and tern egg monitoring valuable indicators of long-term trends?– Yes. Incorporated into program as part of
redesign
• Which emerging contaminants accumulate to appreciable concentrations in cormorant eggs? – Elevated levels of PFOS near LC-50 of lab studies
for chickens– Which ECs should we look for in the eggs?