Extracted from presentation given by Robin Todd at 2007
Ent Soc. America meetingICR, Inc.
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
CleanZone
• A non-chemical method that works
• Elevated ozone levels – 100 ppm +
• Ozone Generator
• Confined spaces
• Used for mold elimination
• Bed bugs a new target
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Test
• CleanZone Systems LLC. Lisle, IL
• Conducted study in an empty home
• Showed efficacy
• Asked ICR for independent confirmatory test
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Safety
• EPA’s acceptable level: 0.08 ppm for 8 hours (0.07- 0.075 ppm proposed)
• CleanZone generates 100ppm +
• Test run in green house – safety
• Ozone levels monitored
• CleanZone staff attended test and ran generator
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Test details
• Test chamber built
• 8x18x7ft tall (1008 ft2)
• Plastic sheeting over PVC piping
• Sand snakes hold down plastic
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Bed bug containment & Replication
• 10 containers with screened lids
• 10 containers covered with cloth
• 10 adult bed bugs per container
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Test Chamber
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Control Chamber
• 4x6x7 ft high chamber (168 ft2)
• In a different building – no elevated ozone
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Other species tested
• German cockroaches
• Confused flour beetles
• Pharaoh ants
• American house dust mites
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Containers of insects
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Observations during exposure
• Ozone levels observed hourly
• One container of each species removed hourly
- Knockdown checked = monitors
• Self-sealing port – avoid ozone loss
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Results
• Ozone in test chamber 118.3 ppm (mean)• Generator run for 22.7 hours• Peak (150.7 ppm) at 9 hours• Still air – underestimated levels• Ozone levels in control chamber: 0 – 0.1 ppm
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Ozone levels
Ozone Levels in Test Chamber
020406080
100120140160
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Hours
Ozo
ne
(pp
m)
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Results
• 100% knockdown in monitor containers
for all species except ants
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Results
• Test Chamber - 100% mortality +24 hours after removal from chamber
• 4% mortality in control
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Hourly Knockdown
Bed Bug Knockdown in Monitor
0.00%20.00%40.00%60.00%80.00%
100.00%120.00%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Hours of Exposure
Open Containers Covered Containers
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Dead bed bugs after treatmentno longer clinging to filter paper
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Other Species
• Treatment killed 100% of roaches and dust mites
• 86% (open) 98% (covered) of beetles
• 40% (open) 83% (covered) of ants– Ants in covered nest containers
– because sheltered from ozone?
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.
Acknowledgement
• John Sharpe, formerly with ICR, conducted this test. He did a great job.
Robin Todd, ICR, Inc.